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Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor
Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor is here in full — 36 sentences across 8 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor
Context Illustration Reading 1/7 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._
University Press JOHN WILSON AND SON, CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A.
"Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."
B. Pérez Galdós, possibly known best in the United States as the author of "Doña Perfecta," may be called the Walter Scott of Spain.
He is, however, truer to history than Scott, and the characters he creates move in an atmosphere of reality rather than romance.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor is here in full — 36 sentences across 8 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/7 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._
/wen ðə ˈʌðər ɪˈvents ʌv ðə ˈspænɪʃ wɔːr ʃæl biː lɔːst ɪn ðə əbsˈkjʊrəti ʌv taɪm ɔːr ˈoʊnli treɪst baɪ ˌdɪskəˈnektɪd ˈfræɡmənts ðə ˈstɔːri ʌv zɑːrɑːˈɡoʊzə laɪk sʌm ˈeɪn.ʃənt traɪˈʌmfəl ˈpɪlər ˈstændɪŋ əˈmɪdst ˈruːənz wɪl tel ə teɪl ʌv pæst ˈɡlɔːri ənd ɔːlˈredi men pɔɪnt tuː ðə hɪˈroʊɪk ˈsɪti ənd kɔːl hɜːr speɪn/
Line 2
University Press JOHN WILSON AND SON, CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A.
Line 3
"Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."
Line 4
B. Pérez Galdós, possibly known best in the United States as the author of "Doña Perfecta," may be called the Walter Scott of Spain.
Line 5
He is, however, truer to history than Scott, and the characters he creates move in an atmosphere of reality rather than romance.
/hiː ɪz ˌhaʊˈevər ˈtruːər tuː ˈhɪstəri ðæn skɑːt ənd ðə ˈkærəktərz hiː kriˈeɪts muːv ɪn æn ˈætməsfɪr ʌv ˌriːˈælətiː ˈræðər ðæn roʊˈmæns/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

closes noun US /ˈkloʊzɪz/

plural of “close” — the temporal end; the concluding time

From this reading “"Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."”

creates verb US /kriˈeɪts/

third-person singular of “create” — make or cause to be or to become

From this reading “He is, however, truer to history than Scott, and the characters he creates move in an atmosphere of reality rather than romance.”

disconnected adjective US /ˌdɪskəˈnektɪd/

(music) marked by or composed of disconnected parts or sounds; cut short crisply

From this reading “_When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._”

Perfecta noun US /pərˈfektə/

a bet that you can pick the first and second finishers in the right order

From this reading “B. Pérez Galdós, possibly known best in the United States as the author of "Doña Perfecta," may be called the Walter Scott of Spain.”

Trafalgar noun US /trəˈfælɡər/

a naval battle in 1805 off the southwest coast of Spain; the French and Spanish fleets were defeated by the English under Nelson (who was mortally wounded)

From this reading “"Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."”

triumphal adjective US /traɪˈʌmfəl/

relating to or celebrating a triumph

From this reading “_When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._”

truer adjective US /ˈtruːər/

comparative of “true” — consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading “He is, however, truer to history than Scott, and the characters he creates move in an atmosphere of reality rather than romance.”

Zaragoza noun US /zɑːrɑːˈɡoʊzə/

an ancient city on the Ebro River in northeastern Spain; formerly the capital of Aragon

From this reading “_When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

historical novels adjective + noun counted as “historical novel”

In this reading “"Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."”

tell a tale verb + article + noun counted as “tell … tale”

In this reading “_When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._”

All words in this reading · 104

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

amidstprepositionUS /əˈmɪdst/

in the middle of; surrounded by

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading He is, however, truer to history than Scott, and the characters he creates move in an atmosphere of reality rather than romance.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

Arapiles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading B. Pérez Galdós, possibly known best in the United States as the author of "Doña Perfecta," may be called the Walter Scott of Spain.

atmospherenounUS /ˈætməsfɪr/

a particular environment or surrounding influence

From this reading He is, however, truer to history than Scott, and the characters he creates move in an atmosphere of reality rather than romance.

authornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading B. Pérez Galdós, possibly known best in the United States as the author of "Doña Perfecta," may be called the Walter Scott of Spain.

BnounUS /biː/

aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium; often occurring in chainlike formations; found primarily in soil

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

BattlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

beginsnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnz/

plural of “begin” — Israeli statesman (born in Russia) who (as prime minister of Israel) negotiated a peace treaty with Anwar Sadat (then the president of Egypt) (1913-1992)

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading B. Pérez Galdós, possibly known best in the United States as the author of "Doña Perfecta," may be called the Walter Scott of Spain.

brilliantadjectiveUS /ˈbrɪljənt/

of surpassing excellence

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading B. Pérez Galdós, possibly known best in the United States as the author of "Doña Perfecta," may be called the Walter Scott of Spain.

CAMBRIDGEnounUS /ˈkeɪmbrɪdʒ/

a university in England

From this reading University Press JOHN WILSON AND SON, CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A.

CarlosnounUS /ˈkɑːrloʊs/

Venezuelan master terrorist raised by a Marxist-Leninist father; trained and worked with many terrorist groups (born in 1949)

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

Chamartin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

charactersnounUS /ˈkærəktərz/

plural of “character” — an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading He is, however, truer to history than Scott, and the characters he creates move in an atmosphere of reality rather than romance.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

closesnounUS /ˈkloʊzɪz/

plural of “close” — the temporal end; the concluding time

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

CourtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

createsverbUS /kriˈeɪts/

third-person singular of “create” — make or cause to be or to become

From this reading He is, however, truer to history than Scott, and the characters he creates move in an atmosphere of reality rather than romance.

disconnectedadjectiveUS /ˌdɪskəˈnektɪd/

(music) marked by or composed of disconnected parts or sounds; cut short crisply

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

Doña

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading B. Pérez Galdós, possibly known best in the United States as the author of "Doña Perfecta," may be called the Walter Scott of Spain.

embracingnounUS /emˈbreɪsɪŋ/

the act of clasping another person in the arms (as in greeting or affection)

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

fragmentsnounUS /ˈfræɡmənts/

plural of “fragment” — a piece broken off or cut off of something else

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

Galdós

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

Gerona

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

glorynounUS /ˈɡlɔːri/

a state of high honor

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He is, however, truer to history than Scott, and the characters he creates move in an atmosphere of reality rather than romance.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

heroicadjectiveUS /hɪˈroʊɪk/

very imposing or impressive; surpassing the ordinary (especially in size or scale)

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

historicaladjectiveUS /hɪˈstɔːrɪkəl/

of or relating to the study of history

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading He is, however, truer to history than Scott, and the characters he creates move in an atmosphere of reality rather than romance.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading He is, however, truer to history than Scott, and the characters he creates move in an atmosphere of reality rather than romance.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

IVnoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

JOHNnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading University Press JOHN WILSON AND SON, CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading B. Pérez Galdós, possibly known best in the United States as the author of "Doña Perfecta," may be called the Walter Scott of Spain.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading B. Pérez Galdós, possibly known best in the United States as the author of "Doña Perfecta," may be called the Walter Scott of Spain.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

moveverbUS /muːv/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading He is, however, truer to history than Scott, and the characters he creates move in an atmosphere of reality rather than romance.

NapoleonnounUS /nəˈpoʊliən/

French general who became emperor of the French (1769-1821)

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

novelsnounUS /ˈnɑːvəlz/

plural of “novel” — an extended fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

obscuritynounUS /əbsˈkjʊrəti/

the quality of being unclear or abstruse and hard to understand

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

PerfectanounUS /pərˈfektə/

a bet that you can pick the first and second finishers in the right order

From this reading B. Pérez Galdós, possibly known best in the United States as the author of "Doña Perfecta," may be called the Walter Scott of Spain.

pillarnounUS /ˈpɪlər/

a fundamental principle or practice

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

possiblyadverbUS /ˈpɑːsəbli/

by chance

From this reading B. Pérez Galdós, possibly known best in the United States as the author of "Doña Perfecta," may be called the Walter Scott of Spain.

PressverbUS /pres/

exert pressure or force to or upon

From this reading University Press JOHN WILSON AND SON, CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A.

Pérez

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading He is, however, truer to history than Scott, and the characters he creates move in an atmosphere of reality rather than romance.

realitynounUS /ˌriːˈælətiː/

all of your experiences that determine how things appear to you

From this reading He is, however, truer to history than Scott, and the characters he creates move in an atmosphere of reality rather than romance.

romancenounUS /roʊˈmæns/

a relationship between two lovers

From this reading He is, however, truer to history than Scott, and the characters he creates move in an atmosphere of reality rather than romance.

ruinsnounUS /ˈruːənz/

plural of “ruin” — an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading University Press JOHN WILSON AND SON, CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A.

Saragossanoun

an ancient city on the Ebro River in northeastern Spain; formerly the capital of Aragon

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

ScottnounUS /skɑːt/

award-winning United States film actor (1928-1999)

From this reading B. Pérez Galdós, possibly known best in the United States as the author of "Doña Perfecta," may be called the Walter Scott of Spain.

seriesnounUS /ˈsɪriz/

similar things placed in order or happening one after another

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

sixthadjectiveUS /sɪksθ/

coming next after the fifth and just before the seventh in position

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

SONnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading University Press JOHN WILSON AND SON, CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A.

SpainnounUS /speɪn/

a parliamentary monarchy in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; a former colonial power

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

SpanishnounUS /ˈspænɪʃ/

the Romance language spoken in most of Spain and the countries colonized by Spain

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

standingadjectiveUS /ˈstændɪŋ/

having a supporting base

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

StatesnounUS /steɪts/

plural of “state” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading B. Pérez Galdós, possibly known best in the United States as the author of "Doña Perfecta," may be called the Walter Scott of Spain.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

talenounUS /teɪl/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

tellverbUS /tel/

express in words

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading He is, however, truer to history than Scott, and the characters he creates move in an atmosphere of reality rather than romance.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

tracedverbUS /treɪst/

past form of “trace” — follow, discover, or ascertain the course of development of something

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

TrafalgarnounUS /trəˈfælɡər/

a naval battle in 1805 off the southwest coast of Spain; the French and Spanish fleets were defeated by the English under Nelson (who was mortally wounded)

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

triumphaladjectiveUS /traɪˈʌmfəl/

relating to or celebrating a triumph

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

trueradjectiveUS /ˈtruːər/

comparative of “true” — consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading He is, however, truer to history than Scott, and the characters he creates move in an atmosphere of reality rather than romance.

UnounUS /juː/

a base containing nitrogen that is found in RNA (but not in DNA) and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with adenine

From this reading University Press JOHN WILSON AND SON, CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A.

UnitedadjectiveUS /juːˈnaɪtɪd/

characterized by unity; being or joined into a single entity

From this reading B. Pérez Galdós, possibly known best in the United States as the author of "Doña Perfecta," may be called the Walter Scott of Spain.

UniversitynounUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəti/

the body of faculty and students at a university

From this reading University Press JOHN WILSON AND SON, CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A.

volumenounUS /ˈvɑːljuːm/

the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

WalternounUS /ˈwɔːltər/

German conductor (1876-1962)

From this reading B. Pérez Galdós, possibly known best in the United States as the author of "Doña Perfecta," may be called the Walter Scott of Spain.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

WILSONnounUS /ˈwɪlsən/

author of the first novel by an African American that was published in the United States (1808-1870)

From this reading University Press JOHN WILSON AND SON, CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading "Saragossa" is the sixth volume in the brilliant series of historical novels by B. Pérez Galdós, which begins with "Trafalgar" and closes with "The Battle of the Arapiles," embracing "The Court of Carlos IV," "Gerona," and "Napoleon in Chamartin."

ZaragozanounUS /zɑːrɑːˈɡoʊzə/

an ancient city on the Ebro River in northeastern Spain; formerly the capital of Aragon

From this reading _When the other events of the Spanish war shall be lost in the obscurity of time, or only traced by disconnected fragments, the story of Zaragoza, like some ancient triumphal pillar standing amidst ruins, will tell a tale of past glory, and already men point to the heroic city and call her Spain._

Chapter 1 of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor by Benito Pérez Galdós holds 36 sentences, grouped into 8 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor contain?

Chapter 1 holds 36 sentences of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor, unabridged, divided into 8 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor by Benito Pérez Galdós exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 36 sentences, grouped into 8 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor?

Work through the 8 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 8 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor

Common questions about reading Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor by Benito Pérez Galdós on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor?

Yes. All 4248 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #47769 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #47769, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor take to read?

About 354 minutes of reading across 850 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor section by section

How to work through Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 32 chapters of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor

Words and structures a reader meets early in Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Other
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Events
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spanish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Shall
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.