Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor
Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor is here in full — 85 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor
Context Illustration Reading 1/17 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The French had assaulted with great vigor the fortified positions of the Torrero.
Ten thousand men defended them, commanded by Don Philip Saint March and by O'Neill, both generals of great merit.
The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.
From the redoubt of Los Martires we saw the beginning of the action, and the French columns which extended the length of the canal and flanked the Torrero.
The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor is here in full — 85 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/17 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The French had assaulted with great vigor the fortified positions of the Torrero.
Line 2
Ten thousand men defended them, commanded by Don Philip Saint March and by O'Neill, both generals of great merit.
/ten ˈθaʊzənd men dɪˈfendəd ðem kəˈmændɪd baɪ dɑːn ˈfɪləp seɪnt mɑːrtʃ ənd baɪ oʊˈniːl boʊθ ˈdʒenərəlz ʌv ɡreɪt ˈmerət/
Line 3
The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.
Line 4
From the redoubt of Los Martires we saw the beginning of the action, and the French columns which extended the length of the canal and flanked the Torrero.
Line 5
The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

assaulted verb US /əˈsɔːltɪd/

past form of “assault” — attack someone physically or emotionally

From this reading “The French had assaulted with great vigor the fortified positions of the Torrero.”

Bourbon noun US /ˈbɜːrbən/

a reactionary politician in the United States (usually from the South)

From this reading “The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.”

Castile noun US /ˌkæˈstaɪl/

a region of central Spain; a former kingdom that comprised most of modern Spain and united with Aragon to form Spain in 1479

From this reading “The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.”

flanked verb US /flæŋkt/

past form of “flank” — be located at the sides of something or somebody

From this reading “From the redoubt of Los Martires we saw the beginning of the action, and the French columns which extended the length of the canal and flanked the Torrero.”

fortification noun US /ˌfɔːrtəfəˈkeɪʃən/

defensive structure consisting of walls or mounds built around a stronghold to strengthen it

From this reading “The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.”

O'Neill noun US /oʊˈniːl/

United States playwright (1888-1953)

From this reading “Ten thousand men defended them, commanded by Don Philip Saint March and by O'Neill, both generals of great merit.”

redoubt noun US /riˈdaʊt/

(military) a temporary or supplementary fortification; typically square or polygonal without flanking defenses

From this reading “From the redoubt of Los Martires we saw the beginning of the action, and the French columns which extended the length of the canal and flanked the Torrero.”

reservoir noun US /ˈrezəvwɑːr/

a large or extra supply of something

From this reading “The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Ten thousand noun + noun

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and one thousand

In this reading “Ten thousand men defended them, commanded by Don Philip Saint March and by O'Neill, both generals of great merit.”

thousand men noun + noun

In this reading “Ten thousand men defended them, commanded by Don Philip Saint March and by O'Neill, both generals of great merit.”

some time adjective + noun

In this reading “The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.”

great merit adjective + noun

In this reading “Ten thousand men defended them, commanded by Don Philip Saint March and by O'Neill, both generals of great merit.”

All words in this reading · 87

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

actionnounUS /ˈækʃən/

something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading From the redoubt of Los Martires we saw the beginning of the action, and the French columns which extended the length of the canal and flanked the Torrero.

Alicante

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Ten thousand men defended them, commanded by Don Philip Saint March and by O'Neill, both generals of great merit.

answeredverbUS /ˈænsərd/

past form of “answer” — react verbally

From this reading The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.

assaultedverbUS /əˈsɔːltɪd/

past form of “assault” — attack someone physically or emotionally

From this reading The French had assaulted with great vigor the fortified positions of the Torrero.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading From the redoubt of Los Martires we saw the beginning of the action, and the French columns which extended the length of the canal and flanked the Torrero.

Blanca

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

bodiesnounUS /ˈbɑːdiz/

plural of “body” — the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading Ten thousand men defended them, commanded by Don Philip Saint March and by O'Neill, both generals of great merit.

BourbonnounUS /ˈbɜːrbən/

a reactionary politician in the United States (usually from the South)

From this reading The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.

Buena

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Ten thousand men defended them, commanded by Don Philip Saint March and by O'Neill, both generals of great merit.

Campo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.

canalnounUS /kəˈnæl/

(astronomy) an indistinct surface feature of Mars once thought to be a system of channels; they are now believed to be an optical illusion

From this reading From the redoubt of Los Martires we saw the beginning of the action, and the French columns which extended the length of the canal and flanked the Torrero.

Casa

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

CastilenounUS /ˌkæˈstaɪl/

a region of central Spain; a former kingdom that comprised most of modern Spain and united with Aragon to form Spain in 1479

From this reading The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

columnsnounUS /ˈkɑːləmz/

plural of “column” — a line of units following one after another

From this reading From the redoubt of Los Martires we saw the beginning of the action, and the French columns which extended the length of the canal and flanked the Torrero.

commandedverbUS /kəˈmændɪd/

past form of “command” — be in command of

From this reading Ten thousand men defended them, commanded by Don Philip Saint March and by O'Neill, both generals of great merit.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

defendedverbUS /dɪˈfendəd/

past form of “defend” — argue or speak in defense of

From this reading Ten thousand men defended them, commanded by Don Philip Saint March and by O'Neill, both generals of great merit.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.

DonnounUS /dɑːn/

a Spanish gentleman or nobleman

From this reading Ten thousand men defended them, commanded by Don Philip Saint March and by O'Neill, both generals of great merit.

extendedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈstendəd/

relatively long in duration; tediously protracted

From this reading From the redoubt of Los Martires we saw the beginning of the action, and the French columns which extended the length of the canal and flanked the Torrero.

Fernando

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.

flankedverbUS /flæŋkt/

past form of “flank” — be located at the sides of something or somebody

From this reading From the redoubt of Los Martires we saw the beginning of the action, and the French columns which extended the length of the canal and flanked the Torrero.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

fortificationnounUS /ˌfɔːrtəfəˈkeɪʃən/

defensive structure consisting of walls or mounds built around a stronghold to strengthen it

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

fortifiedadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrtəfaɪd/

secured with bastions or fortifications

From this reading The French had assaulted with great vigor the fortified positions of the Torrero.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading The French had assaulted with great vigor the fortified positions of the Torrero.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From the redoubt of Los Martires we saw the beginning of the action, and the French columns which extended the length of the canal and flanked the Torrero.

fusileers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

generalsnounUS /ˈdʒenərəlz/

plural of “general” — a general officer of the highest rank

From this reading Ten thousand men defended them, commanded by Don Philip Saint March and by O'Neill, both generals of great merit.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The French had assaulted with great vigor the fortified positions of the Torrero.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The French had assaulted with great vigor the fortified positions of the Torrero.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.

lengthnounUS /leŋkθ/

the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading From the redoubt of Los Martires we saw the beginning of the action, and the French columns which extended the length of the canal and flanked the Torrero.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

Los

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From the redoubt of Los Martires we saw the beginning of the action, and the French columns which extended the length of the canal and flanked the Torrero.

MarchverbUS /mɑːrtʃ/

march in a procession

From this reading Ten thousand men defended them, commanded by Don Philip Saint March and by O'Neill, both generals of great merit.

Martires

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From the redoubt of Los Martires we saw the beginning of the action, and the French columns which extended the length of the canal and flanked the Torrero.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Ten thousand men defended them, commanded by Don Philip Saint March and by O'Neill, both generals of great merit.

meritnounUS /ˈmerət/

any admirable quality or attribute

From this reading Ten thousand men defended them, commanded by Don Philip Saint March and by O'Neill, both generals of great merit.

Murcia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.

O'NeillnounUS /oʊˈniːl/

United States playwright (1888-1953)

From this reading Ten thousand men defended them, commanded by Don Philip Saint March and by O'Neill, both generals of great merit.

occupationnounUS /ˌɑːkjəˈpeɪʃən/

the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The French had assaulted with great vigor the fortified positions of the Torrero.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

PhilipnounUS /ˈfɪləp/

Englishman and husband of Elizabeth II (born 1921)

From this reading Ten thousand men defended them, commanded by Don Philip Saint March and by O'Neill, both generals of great merit.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

positionsnounUS /pəˈzɪʃənz/

plural of “position” — the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading The French had assaulted with great vigor the fortified positions of the Torrero.

prolongedadjectiveUS /prəˈlɔːŋd/

relatively long in duration; tediously protracted

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

redoubtnounUS /riˈdaʊt/

(military) a temporary or supplementary fortification; typically square or polygonal without flanking defenses

From this reading From the redoubt of Los Martires we saw the beginning of the action, and the French columns which extended the length of the canal and flanked the Torrero.

regimentverbUS /ˈredʒəmənt/

subject to rigid discipline, order, and systematization

From this reading The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.

rememberverbUS /rɪˈmɛm.bər/

To recall to mind.

From this reading The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.

reservoirnounUS /ˈrezəvwɑːr/

a large or extra supply of something

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

SaintnounUS /seɪnt/

a person who has died and has been declared a saint by canonization

From this reading Ten thousand men defended them, commanded by Don Philip Saint March and by O'Neill, both generals of great merit.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading From the redoubt of Los Martires we saw the beginning of the action, and the French columns which extended the length of the canal and flanked the Torrero.

Segorbino

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.

sharp-shooters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

Soria

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.

struggleverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəl/

make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

TennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading Ten thousand men defended them, commanded by Don Philip Saint March and by O'Neill, both generals of great merit.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The French had assaulted with great vigor the fortified positions of the Torrero.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Ten thousand men defended them, commanded by Don Philip Saint March and by O'Neill, both generals of great merit.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading Ten thousand men defended them, commanded by Don Philip Saint March and by O'Neill, both generals of great merit.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

Torrero

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The French had assaulted with great vigor the fortified positions of the Torrero.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

vigornounUS /ˈvɪɡər/

forceful exertion

From this reading The French had assaulted with great vigor the fortified positions of the Torrero.

VIInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of six and one

From this reading The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.

VistanounUS /ˈvɪstə/

the visual percept of a region

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

volunteersnounUS /ˌvɑːlənˈtɪrz/

plural of “volunteer” — (military) a person who freely enlists for service

From this reading The volunteers of Bourbon, Castile, Campo Segorbino, of Alicante, and of Soria, the sharp-shooters of Fernando VII, the Murcia regiment, and other bodies that I do not remember, answered the fire.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading From the redoubt of Los Martires we saw the beginning of the action, and the French columns which extended the length of the canal and flanked the Torrero.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading From the redoubt of Los Martires we saw the beginning of the action, and the French columns which extended the length of the canal and flanked the Torrero.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The French had assaulted with great vigor the fortified positions of the Torrero.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading The fire of the fusileers continued for some time, but the struggle could not be prolonged very long, for that point could not be held without the occupation and fortification of others close by, like Buena Vista, Casa Blanca, and the reservoir of the canal.

Chapter 7 of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor by Benito Pérez Galdós holds 85 sentences, grouped into 17 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor contain?

Chapter 7 holds 85 sentences of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor, unabridged, divided into 17 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor by Benito Pérez Galdós exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 85 sentences, grouped into 17 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor?

Work through the 17 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 17 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor

Common questions about reading Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor by Benito Pérez Galdós on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor?

Yes. All 4248 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #47769 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #47769, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor take to read?

About 354 minutes of reading across 850 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor section by section

How to work through Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 32 chapters of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor

Words and structures a reader meets early in Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Other
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Events
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spanish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Shall
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.