Chapter XVIII

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Our battalion occupied a house in the Calle de Pabostre, whose walls had been spiked along their whole length.

forsaken by owner or inhabitants

From this reading They defended themselves in the Goicoechea mill, which they had taken the day before, after it had been abandoned and fired by us.

later than; following

From this reading They defended themselves in the Goicoechea mill, which they had taken the day before, after it had been abandoned and fired by us.

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading Our battalion occupied a house in the Calle de Pabostre, whose walls had been spiked along their whole length.

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Very soon the French opened three great breaches, and an attack was imminent.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

(military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons)

From this reading Very soon the French opened three great breaches, and an attack was imminent.

plural of “ball” — round object that is hit or thrown or kicked in games

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

an army unit usually consisting of a headquarters and three or more companies

From this reading Our battalion occupied a house in the Calle de Pabostre, whose walls had been spiked along their whole length.

group of guns or missile launchers operated together at one place

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

the past participle of “be”

From this reading They defended themselves in the Goicoechea mill, which they had taken the day before, after it had been abandoned and fired by us.

earlier than; in front of

From this reading They defended themselves in the Goicoechea mill, which they had taken the day before, after it had been abandoned and fired by us.

plural of “bomb” — an explosive device fused to explode under specific conditions

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

plural of “breach” — a failure to perform some promised act or obligation

From this reading Very soon the French opened three great breaches, and an attack was imminent.

rectangular block of clay baked by the sun or in a kiln; used as a building or paving material

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They defended themselves in the Goicoechea mill, which they had taken the day before, after it had been abandoned and fired by us.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Our battalion occupied a house in the Calle de Pabostre, whose walls had been spiked along their whole length.

a large artillery gun that is usually on wheels

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

plural of “cannon” — a large artillery gun that is usually on wheels

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

a low-lying region in central France

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading Certain of victory, the French ran forward over the plain, having received orders to attack.

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading They defended themselves in the Goicoechea mill, which they had taken the day before, after it had been abandoned and fired by us.

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading Our battalion occupied a house in the Calle de Pabostre, whose walls had been spiked along their whole length.

past form of “defend” — argue or speak in defense of

From this reading They defended themselves in the Goicoechea mill, which they had taken the day before, after it had been abandoned and fired by us.

-ing form of “discharge” — complete or carry out

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

having lost your job

From this reading They defended themselves in the Goicoechea mill, which they had taken the day before, after it had been abandoned and fired by us.

plural of “fortification” — defensive structure consisting of walls or mounds built around a stronghold to strengthen it

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

at or to or toward the front

From this reading Certain of victory, the French ran forward over the plain, having received orders to attack.

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading Very soon the French opened three great breaches, and an attack was imminent.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They defended themselves in the Goicoechea mill, which they had taken the day before, after it had been abandoned and fired by us.

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Very soon the French opened three great breaches, and an attack was imminent.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading They defended themselves in the Goicoechea mill, which they had taken the day before, after it had been abandoned and fired by us.

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Certain of victory, the French ran forward over the plain, having received orders to attack.

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading Our battalion occupied a house in the Calle de Pabostre, whose walls had been spiked along their whole length.

close in time; about to occur

From this reading Very soon the French opened three great breaches, and an attack was imminent.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading They defended themselves in the Goicoechea mill, which they had taken the day before, after it had been abandoned and fired by us.

moving to the inside of something

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading They defended themselves in the Goicoechea mill, which they had taken the day before, after it had been abandoned and fired by us.

plural of “la” — a white soft metallic element that tarnishes readily; occurs in rare earth minerals and is usually classified as a rare earth

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading Our battalion occupied a house in the Calle de Pabostre, whose walls had been spiked along their whole length.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

move about in a confused manner

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

held or filled or in use

From this reading Our battalion occupied a house in the Calle de Pabostre, whose walls had been spiked along their whole length.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

A viscous liquid derived from petroleum or plants, stored in large earthen jars.

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

used of mouth or eyes

From this reading Very soon the French opened three great breaches, and an attack was imminent.

plural of “order” — (often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading Certain of victory, the French ran forward over the plain, having received orders to attack.

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Our battalion occupied a house in the Calle de Pabostre, whose walls had been spiked along their whole length.

above and across; more than

From this reading Certain of victory, the French ran forward over the plain, having received orders to attack.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Our battalion occupied a house in the Calle de Pabostre, whose walls had been spiked along their whole length.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading Certain of victory, the French ran forward over the plain, having received orders to attack.

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading Certain of victory, the French ran forward over the plain, having received orders to attack.

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading Certain of victory, the French ran forward over the plain, having received orders to attack.

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

characterized by good substantial quality

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

in the near future

From this reading Very soon the French opened three great breaches, and an attack was imminent.

having a long sharp point

From this reading Our battalion occupied a house in the Calle de Pabostre, whose walls had been spiked along their whole length.

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading They defended themselves in the Goicoechea mill, which they had taken the day before, after it had been abandoned and fired by us.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Our battalion occupied a house in the Calle de Pabostre, whose walls had been spiked along their whole length.

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading They defended themselves in the Goicoechea mill, which they had taken the day before, after it had been abandoned and fired by us.

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They defended themselves in the Goicoechea mill, which they had taken the day before, after it had been abandoned and fired by us.

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Very soon the French opened three great breaches, and an attack was imminent.

-ing form of “throw” — propel through the air

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Certain of victory, the French ran forward over the plain, having received orders to attack.

a formal word for “on”

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading They defended themselves in the Goicoechea mill, which they had taken the day before, after it had been abandoned and fired by us.

precisely as stated

From this reading Very soon the French opened three great breaches, and an attack was imminent.

a successful ending of a struggle or contest

From this reading Certain of victory, the French ran forward over the plain, having received orders to attack.

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Very soon the French opened three great breaches, and an attack was imminent.

wanting in physical strength

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading They defended themselves in the Goicoechea mill, which they had taken the day before, after it had been abandoned and fired by us.

during the time that

From this reading While the cannons on the Mediodia were throwing bombs into the centre of the city, the cannon on the east side were discharging solid balls upon the weak walls of Las Monicas, and the fortifications of earth and brick of the oil mill, and the battery of Palafox.

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading Our battalion occupied a house in the Calle de Pabostre, whose walls had been spiked along their whole length.

belonging to which person

From this reading Our battalion occupied a house in the Calle de Pabostre, whose walls had been spiked along their whole length.