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Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor
Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor

Chapter XXVIII

Chapter 28 of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor is here in full — 116 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor
Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
That afternoon almost all the efforts of the French were directed against the suburb from the left of the Ebro.
They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.
In the centre of the city, we did not work much that day.
All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.
At night both armies seemed given over to peaceful repose.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor

Chapter XXVIII

Chapter 28 of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor is here in full — 116 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
That afternoon almost all the efforts of the French were directed against the suburb from the left of the Ebro.
/ðæt ˌæftərˈnuːn ˈɔːlmoʊst ɔːl ðə ˈefərts ʌv ðə frentʃ wɜːr dərˈektəd əˈɡenst ðə ˈsʌbərb frʌm ðə left ʌv ðə ˈiːbroʊ/
Line 2
They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.
Line 3
In the centre of the city, we did not work much that day.
/ɪn ðə ˈsentər ʌv ðə ˈsɪti wiː dɪd nɑːt wɜːrk mʌtʃ ðæt deɪ/
Line 4
All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.
/ɔːl ˈaʊər əˈtenʃən wɑːz ˈkɑːnsəntreɪtɪd əˈpɑːn ðə maɪnz ənd ˈaʊər ˈefərts dərˈektəd tuː ˈɡɪvɪŋ ðə ˈenəmi ˈevədəns ðæt bɪˈfɔːr kənˈsentɪŋ tuː biː bloʊn ʌp aʊərˈselvz wiː wʊd dɪˈskʌs ˈbloʊɪŋ ðem ʌp ɔːr æt liːst ˈflaɪɪŋ ˈʌpwərdz təˈɡeðər/
Line 5
At night both armies seemed given over to peaceful repose.
/æt naɪt boʊθ ˈɑːrmiz siːmd ˈɡɪvən ˈoʊvər tuː ˈpiːsfəl riˈpoʊz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

assaulted verb US /əˈsɔːltɪd/

past form of “assault” — attack someone physically or emotionally

From this reading “They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.”

bombarded verb US /bɑːmˈbɑːrdɪd/

past form of “bombard” — cast, hurl, or throw repeatedly with some missile

From this reading “They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.”

consenting adjective US /kənˈsentɪŋ/

having given consent

From this reading “All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.”

Ebro noun US /ˈiːbroʊ/

a river in northeastern Spain; flows into the Mediterranean

From this reading “That afternoon almost all the efforts of the French were directed against the suburb from the left of the Ebro.”

infirm adjective US /ɪnˈfɜːrm/

lacking bodily or muscular strength or vitality

From this reading “They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.”

Pilar adjective US /ˈpaɪlər/

of or relating to a hair

From this reading “They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.”

sanctity noun US /ˈsæŋktɪti/

the quality of being holy

From this reading “They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.”

suburb noun US /ˈsʌbərb/

a residential district located on the outskirts of a city

From this reading “That afternoon almost all the efforts of the French were directed against the suburb from the left of the Ebro.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

greater security adjective + noun

In this reading “They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.”

greater number adjective + noun

In this reading “They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.”

found refuge verb + noun

In this reading “They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.”

In the centre preposition + article + noun counted as “in … centre”

In this reading “In the centre of the city, we did not work much that day.”

At night preposition + noun

In this reading “At night both armies seemed given over to peaceful repose.”

All words in this reading · 85

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

afternoonnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading That afternoon almost all the efforts of the French were directed against the suburb from the left of the Ebro.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading That afternoon almost all the efforts of the French were directed against the suburb from the left of the Ebro.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading That afternoon almost all the efforts of the French were directed against the suburb from the left of the Ebro.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading That afternoon almost all the efforts of the French were directed against the suburb from the left of the Ebro.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

armiesnounUS /ˈɑːrmiz/

plural of “army” — a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading At night both armies seemed given over to peaceful repose.

assaultedverbUS /əˈsɔːltɪd/

past form of “assault” — attack someone physically or emotionally

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

believingnounUS /bɪˈliːvɪŋ/

the cognitive process that leads to convictions

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

blowingnounUS /ˈbloʊɪŋ/

processing that involves blowing a gas

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

blownadjectiveUS /bloʊn/

being moved or acted upon by moving air or vapor

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

bombardedverbUS /bɑːmˈbɑːrdɪd/

past form of “bombard” — cast, hurl, or throw repeatedly with some missile

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading At night both armies seemed given over to peaceful repose.

centrenounUS /ˈsentər/

a low-lying region in central France

From this reading In the centre of the city, we did not work much that day.

ChurchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading In the centre of the city, we did not work much that day.

concentratedadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnsəntreɪtɪd/

gathered together or made less diffuse

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

consentingadjectiveUS /kənˈsentɪŋ/

having given consent

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading In the centre of the city, we did not work much that day.

del

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading In the centre of the city, we did not work much that day.

directedadjectiveUS /dərˈektəd/

(often used in combination) having a specified direction

From this reading That afternoon almost all the efforts of the French were directed against the suburb from the left of the Ebro.

discussverbUS /dɪˈskʌs/

to consider or examine in speech or writing

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

EbronounUS /ˈiːbroʊ/

a river in northeastern Spain; flows into the Mediterranean

From this reading That afternoon almost all the efforts of the French were directed against the suburb from the left of the Ebro.

effortsnounUS /ˈefərts/

plural of “effort” — earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading That afternoon almost all the efforts of the French were directed against the suburb from the left of the Ebro.

enemynounUS /ˈenəmi/

an opposing military force

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

evidencenounUS /ˈevədəns/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

flyingadjectiveUS /ˈflaɪɪŋ/

moving swiftly

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading That afternoon almost all the efforts of the French were directed against the suburb from the left of the Ebro.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading That afternoon almost all the efforts of the French were directed against the suburb from the left of the Ebro.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading At night both armies seemed given over to peaceful repose.

givingnounUS /ˈɡɪvɪŋ/

the act of giving

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the centre of the city, we did not work much that day.

infirmadjectiveUS /ɪnˈfɜːrm/

lacking bodily or muscular strength or vitality

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

JesusnounUS /ˈdʒiːzəs/

a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading That afternoon almost all the efforts of the French were directed against the suburb from the left of the Ebro.

minesnounUS /maɪnz/

plural of “mine” — excavation in the earth from which ores and minerals are extracted

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

MonasterynounUS /ˈmɑːnəsteri/

the residence of a religious community

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading In the centre of the city, we did not work much that day.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading At night both armies seemed given over to peaceful repose.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading In the centre of the city, we did not work much that day.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading That afternoon almost all the efforts of the French were directed against the suburb from the left of the Ebro.

offeredverbUS /ˈɔːfərd/

past form of “offer” — make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

ourselvespronounUS /aʊərˈselvz/

used when we are both doing the action and receiving it

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading At night both armies seemed given over to peaceful repose.

peacefuladjectiveUS /ˈpiːsfəl/

not disturbed by strife or turmoil or war

From this reading At night both armies seemed given over to peaceful repose.

PilaradjectiveUS /ˈpaɪlər/

of or relating to a hair

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

refugenounUS /ˈrefjuːdʒ/

a safe place

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

reposeverbUS /riˈpoʊz/

put or confide something in a person or thing

From this reading At night both armies seemed given over to peaceful repose.

sanctitynounUS /ˈsæŋktɪti/

the quality of being holy

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

securitynounUS /sɪˈkjʊrəti/

the state of being free from danger or injury

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading At night both armies seemed given over to peaceful repose.

sickadjectiveUS /sɪk/

affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

spotnounUS /spɑːt/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

suburbnounUS /ˈsʌbərb/

a residential district located on the outskirts of a city

From this reading That afternoon almost all the efforts of the French were directed against the suburb from the left of the Ebro.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That afternoon almost all the efforts of the French were directed against the suburb from the left of the Ebro.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading That afternoon almost all the efforts of the French were directed against the suburb from the left of the Ebro.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

upwardsadverbUS /ˈʌpwərdz/

spatially or metaphorically from a lower to a higher position

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

VirginnounUS /ˈvɜːrdʒɪn/

a person who has never had sex

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading In the centre of the city, we did not work much that day.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading That afternoon almost all the efforts of the French were directed against the suburb from the left of the Ebro.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading They assaulted the Monastery of Jesus, and bombarded the Church of the Virgin del Pilar, where the greater number of sick and infirm had found refuge, believing that the sanctity of the place offered them greater security than any other spot.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading In the centre of the city, we did not work much that day.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading All our attention was concentrated upon the mines, and our efforts directed to giving the enemy evidence that, before consenting to be blown up ourselves, we would discuss blowing them up, or at least flying upwards together.

Chapter 28 of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor by Benito Pérez Galdós holds 116 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 28 of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor contain?

Chapter 28 holds 116 sentences of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor, unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 28 of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor by Benito Pérez Galdós exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 116 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 28 of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor?

Work through the 24 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 24 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 28 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 28 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor

Common questions about reading Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor by Benito Pérez Galdós on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor?

Yes. All 4248 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #47769 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #47769, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor take to read?

About 354 minutes of reading across 850 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor section by section

How to work through Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 32 chapters of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor

Words and structures a reader meets early in Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Other
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Events
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spanish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Shall
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Saragossa: A Story of Spanish Valor; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.