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Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes
Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes

Chapter XXVIII · Chapter 28

Chapter 28 of Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes is here in full — 47 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/9 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.
Hear in what earnest though fantastic wise he expresses himself on this head:
'Shall Courtesy be done only to the rich, and only by the rich?
In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.
Of a truth, were your Schoolmaster at his post, and worth anything when there, this, with so much else, would be reformed.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes

Chapter XXVIII · Chapter 28

Chapter 28 of Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes is here in full — 47 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/9 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.
Line 2
Hear in what earnest though fantastic wise he expresses himself on this head:
/hiːr ɪn wʌt ˈɜːrnɪst ðoʊ fænˈtæstɪk waɪz hiː ɪkˈspresəz hɪmˈself ɑːn ðɪs hed/
Line 3
'Shall Courtesy be done only to the rich, and only by the rich?
/ʃæl ˈkɜːrtəsi biː dʌn ˈoʊnli tuː ðə rɪtʃ ənd ˈoʊnli baɪ ðə rɪtʃ/
Line 4
In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.
Line 5
Of a truth, were your Schoolmaster at his post, and worth anything when there, this, with so much else, would be reformed.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

alchemist noun US /ˈæltʃəmɪst/

one who was versed in the practice of alchemy and who sought an elixir of life and a panacea and an alkahest and the philosopher's stone

From this reading “OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.”

aqueous adjective US /ˈeɪkwiəs/

similar to or containing or dissolved in water

From this reading “OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.”

connexion noun US /kəˈnekʃən/

a connecting shape

From this reading “In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.”

crucible noun US /ˈkruːsəbəl/

a vessel made of material that does not melt easily; used for high temperature chemical reactions

From this reading “OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.”

differs verb US /ˈdɪfərz/

third-person singular of “differ” — be different

From this reading “In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.”

extant adjective US /ˈekstənt/

still in existence; not extinct or destroyed or lost

From this reading “OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.”

reformed adjective US /rɪˈfɔːrmd/

of or relating to the body of Protestant Christianity arising during the Reformation; used of some Protestant churches especially Calvinist as distinct from Lutheran

From this reading “Of a truth, were your Schoolmaster at his post, and worth anything when there, this, with so much else, would be reformed.”

vagaries noun US /ˈveɪɡəriz/

plural of “vagary” — an unexpected and inexplicable change in something (in a situation or a person's behavior, etc.)

From this reading “OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.”

All words in this reading · 123

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

alchemistnounUS /ˈæltʃəmɪst/

one who was versed in the practice of alchemy and who sought an elixir of life and a panacea and an alkahest and the philosopher's stone

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

anythingpronounUS /ˈeniθɪŋ/

any thing at all

From this reading Of a truth, were your Schoolmaster at his post, and worth anything when there, this, with so much else, would be reformed.

aqueousadjectiveUS /ˈeɪkwiəs/

similar to or containing or dissolved in water

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

AuroranounUS /ərˈɔːrə/

the first light of day

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading 'Shall Courtesy be done only to the rich, and only by the rich?

beautifying

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

birthnounUS /bɜːrθ/

the time when something begins (especially life)

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

brighteningverbUS /ˈbraɪtənɪŋ/

-ing form of “brighten” — make more cheerful through the use of color

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading 'Shall Courtesy be done only to the rich, and only by the rich?

CLOTHESnounUS /kloʊðz/

clothing in general

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

cloudsnounUS /klaʊdz/

plural of “cloud” — any collection of particles (e.g., smoke or dust) or gases that is visible

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

connexionnounUS /kəˈnekʃən/

a connecting shape

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

CourtesynounUS /ˈkɜːrtəsi/

a courteous or respectful or considerate act

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

cruciblenounUS /ˈkruːsəbəl/

a vessel made of material that does not melt easily; used for high temperature chemical reactions

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

differsverbUS /ˈdɪfərz/

third-person singular of “differ” — be different

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

discernverbUS /dɪˈsɜːrn/

detect with the senses

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading 'Shall Courtesy be done only to the rich, and only by the rich?

dueadjectiveUS /duː/

owed and payable immediately or on demand

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

earnestadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrnɪst/

characterized by a firm and humorless belief in the validity of your opinions

From this reading Hear in what earnest though fantastic wise he expresses himself on this head:

else

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Of a truth, were your Schoolmaster at his post, and worth anything when there, this, with so much else, would be reformed.

expressesnounUS /ɪkˈspresəz/

plural of “express” — mail that is distributed by a rapid and efficient system

From this reading Hear in what earnest though fantastic wise he expresses himself on this head:

extantadjectiveUS /ˈekstənt/

still in existence; not extinct or destroyed or lost

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

fantasticadjectiveUS /fænˈtæstɪk/

ludicrously odd

From this reading Hear in what earnest though fantastic wise he expresses himself on this head:

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

goldnounUS /ɡoʊld/

coins made of gold

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

Good-breeding

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

gracefullyadverbUS /ˈɡreɪsfəli/

in a graceful manner

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Hear in what earnest though fantastic wise he expresses himself on this head:

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Hear in what earnest though fantastic wise he expresses himself on this head:

HearverbUS /hiːr/

perceive (sound) via the auditory sense

From this reading Hear in what earnest though fantastic wise he expresses himself on this head:

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

High-breeding

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Hear in what earnest though fantastic wise he expresses himself on this head:

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

informedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈfɔːrmd/

having much knowledge or education

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

insistsverbUS /ˌɪnˈsɪsts/

third-person singular of “insist” — be emphatic or resolute and refuse to budge

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

liesnounUS /laɪz/

plural of “lie” — a statement that deviates from or perverts the truth

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

London-smoke

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

mentionedverbUS /ˈmenʃənd/

past form of “mention” — make reference to

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

mereadjectiveUS /mɪr/

being nothing more than specified

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Of a truth, were your Schoolmaster at his post, and worth anything when there, this, with so much else, would be reformed.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

nayexclamationUS /neɪ/

an old word for “no”

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

OLDadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Hear in what earnest though fantastic wise he expresses himself on this head:

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading 'Shall Courtesy be done only to the rich, and only by the rich?

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

penetratedverbUS /ˈpenətreɪtɪd/

past form of “penetrate” — pass into or through, often by overcoming resistance

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

politenessnounUS /pəˈlaɪtnəs/

a courteous manner that respects accepted social usage

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

politest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

postverbUS /poʊst/

affix in a public place or for public notice

From this reading Of a truth, were your Schoolmaster at his post, and worth anything when there, this, with so much else, would be reformed.

practicenounUS /ˈpræktəs/

a customary way of operation or behavior

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

rainbow-dyed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

reformedadjectiveUS /rɪˈfɔːrmd/

of or relating to the body of Protestant Christianity arising during the Reformation; used of some Protestant churches especially Calvinist as distinct from Lutheran

From this reading Of a truth, were your Schoolmaster at his post, and worth anything when there, this, with so much else, would be reformed.

remembersverbUS /rɪˈmembərz/

third-person singular of “remember” — recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

richadjectiveUS /rɪtʃ/

possessing material wealth

From this reading 'Shall Courtesy be done only to the rich, and only by the rich?

rightsnounUS /raɪts/

plural of “right” — an abstract idea of that which is due to a person or governmental body by law or tradition or nature

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

rosy-fingered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

sansculottist

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

SchoolmasternounUS /ˈskuːlmæstər/

presiding officer of a school

From this reading Of a truth, were your Schoolmaster at his post, and worth anything when there, this, with so much else, would be reformed.

Shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading 'Shall Courtesy be done only to the rich, and only by the rich?

shinesnounUS /ʃaɪnz/

plural of “shine” — the quality of being bright and sending out rays of light

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Of a truth, were your Schoolmaster at his post, and worth anything when there, this, with so much else, would be reformed.

specialadjectiveUS /ˈspeʃəl/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

sunlightnounUS /ˈsʌnlaɪt/

the rays of the sun

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

Teufelsdroeckh

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Of a truth, were your Schoolmaster at his post, and worth anything when there, this, with so much else, would be reformed.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Hear in what earnest though fantastic wise he expresses himself on this head:

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading 'Shall Courtesy be done only to the rich, and only by the rich?

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

truthnounUS /truːθ/

a fact that has been verified

From this reading Of a truth, were your Schoolmaster at his post, and worth anything when there, this, with so much else, would be reformed.

vagariesnounUS /ˈveɪɡəriz/

plural of “vagary” — an unexpected and inexplicable change in something (in a situation or a person's behavior, etc.)

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

vapournoun

a visible suspension in the air of particles of some substance

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

wealthnounUS /welθ/

the state of being rich and affluent; having a plentiful supply of material goods and money

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Of a truth, were your Schoolmaster at his post, and worth anything when there, this, with so much else, would be reformed.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Hear in what earnest though fantastic wise he expresses himself on this head:

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Of a truth, were your Schoolmaster at his post, and worth anything when there, this, with so much else, would be reformed.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading In Good-breeding, which differs, if at all, from High-breeding, only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others, rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connexion with wealth or birth: but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men towards all men.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

wiseadjectiveUS /waɪz/

having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading Hear in what earnest though fantastic wise he expresses himself on this head:

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading OLD CLOTHES As mentioned above, Teufelsdroeckh, though a sansculottist, is in practice probably the politest man extant: his whole heart and life are penetrated and informed with the spirit of politeness; a noble natural Courtesy shines through him, beautifying his vagaries; like sunlight, making a rosy-fingered, rainbow-dyed Aurora out of mere aqueous clouds; nay brightening London-smoke itself into gold vapour, as from the crucible of an alchemist.

worthnounUS /wɜːrθ/

an indefinite quantity of something having a specified value

From this reading Of a truth, were your Schoolmaster at his post, and worth anything when there, this, with so much else, would be reformed.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Of a truth, were your Schoolmaster at his post, and worth anything when there, this, with so much else, would be reformed.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Of a truth, were your Schoolmaster at his post, and worth anything when there, this, with so much else, would be reformed.

Chapter 28 of Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes by Thomas Carlyle holds 47 sentences, grouped into 10 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 28 of Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes contain?

Chapter 28 holds 47 sentences of Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes, unabridged, divided into 10 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 28 of Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes by Thomas Carlyle exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 47 sentences, grouped into 10 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 28 of Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes?

Work through the 10 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 10 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 28 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 28 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes

Common questions about reading Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes by Thomas Carlyle on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes?

Yes. All 6725 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #20585 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #20585, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes take to read?

About 560 minutes of reading across 1345 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes section by section

How to work through Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 37 chapters of Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes

Words and structures a reader meets early in Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Incident
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Modern
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Church-clothes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sartor Resartus, and On Heroes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.