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Satire in the Victorian novel
Satire in the Victorian novel

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of Satire in the Victorian novel is here in full — 6 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Satire in the Victorian novel
Context Illustration Reading 1/1 · 6 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 6
THE CONFLUENCE Relationship between satire and fiction.
Ancient but incomplete and uneven alliance.
Union in the nineteenth century.
The Victorian novelists.
Their chronology and background.
Classification as satirists. Testimony of the novelists themselves as to satire 41 _PART II_ METHODS
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Satire in the Victorian novel

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of Satire in the Victorian novel is here in full — 6 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/1 · 6 reading units · Lines 1–6

Line 1
THE CONFLUENCE Relationship between satire and fiction.
/ðə ˈkɑːnfluːəns riˈleɪʃənʃɪp bɪˈtwiːn ˈsætaɪər ənd ˈfɪkʃən/
Line 2
Ancient but incomplete and uneven alliance.
/ˈeɪn.ʃənt bʌt ˌɪnkəmˈpliːt ənd əˈniːvən əˈlaɪəns/
Line 3
Union in the nineteenth century.
/ˈjuːnjən ɪn ðə ˈnaɪnˈtiːnθ ˈsentʃəri/
Line 4
The Victorian novelists.
/ðə vɪkˈtɔːriən ˈnɑːvələsts/
Line 5
Their chronology and background.
/ðer krəˈnɑːlədʒi ənd ˈbækɡraʊnd/
Line 6
Classification as satirists. Testimony of the novelists themselves as to satire 41 _PART II_ METHODS

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chronology noun US /krəˈnɑːlədʒi/

an arrangement of events in time

From this reading “Their chronology and background.”

Classification noun US /ˌklæsəfəˈkeɪʃən/

the act of distributing things into classes or categories of the same type

From this reading “Classification as satirists. Testimony of the novelists themselves as to satire 41 _PART II_ METHODS”

confluence noun US /ˈkɑːnfluːəns/

a place where things merge or flow together (especially rivers)

From this reading “THE CONFLUENCE Relationship between satire and fiction.”

incomplete adjective US /ˌɪnkəmˈpliːt/

not complete or total; not completed

From this reading “Ancient but incomplete and uneven alliance.”

novelists noun US /ˈnɑːvələsts/

plural of “novelist” — one who writes novels

From this reading “The Victorian novelists.”

satirists noun US /ˈsætərəsts/

plural of “satirist” — a humorist who uses ridicule and irony and sarcasm

From this reading “Classification as satirists. Testimony of the novelists themselves as to satire 41 _PART II_ METHODS”

uneven adjective US /əˈniːvən/

not even or uniform as e.g. in shape or texture

From this reading “Ancient but incomplete and uneven alliance.”

Victorian adjective US /vɪkˈtɔːriən/

of or relating to Queen Victoria of Great Britain or to the age in which she ruled

From this reading “The Victorian novelists.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

nineteenth century adjective + noun

In this reading “Union in the nineteenth century.”

All words in this reading · 32

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

41

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Classification as satirists. Testimony of the novelists themselves as to satire 41 _PART II_ METHODS

alliancenounUS /əˈlaɪəns/

the state of being allied or confederated

From this reading Ancient but incomplete and uneven alliance.

AncientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading Ancient but incomplete and uneven alliance.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE CONFLUENCE Relationship between satire and fiction.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Classification as satirists. Testimony of the novelists themselves as to satire 41 _PART II_ METHODS

backgroundnounUS /ˈbækɡraʊnd/

a person's social heritage: previous experience or training

From this reading Their chronology and background.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading THE CONFLUENCE Relationship between satire and fiction.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Ancient but incomplete and uneven alliance.

centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading Union in the nineteenth century.

chronologynounUS /krəˈnɑːlədʒi/

an arrangement of events in time

From this reading Their chronology and background.

ClassificationnounUS /ˌklæsəfəˈkeɪʃən/

the act of distributing things into classes or categories of the same type

From this reading Classification as satirists. Testimony of the novelists themselves as to satire 41 _PART II_ METHODS

CONFLUENCEnounUS /ˈkɑːnfluːəns/

a place where things merge or flow together (especially rivers)

From this reading THE CONFLUENCE Relationship between satire and fiction.

fictionnounUS /ˈfɪkʃən/

a literary work based on the imagination and not necessarily on fact

From this reading THE CONFLUENCE Relationship between satire and fiction.

IInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Classification as satirists. Testimony of the novelists themselves as to satire 41 _PART II_ METHODS

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Union in the nineteenth century.

incompleteadjectiveUS /ˌɪnkəmˈpliːt/

not complete or total; not completed

From this reading Ancient but incomplete and uneven alliance.

METHODSnounUS /ˈmeθədz/

plural of “method” — a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)

From this reading Classification as satirists. Testimony of the novelists themselves as to satire 41 _PART II_ METHODS

nineteenthadjectiveUS /ˈnaɪnˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the eighteenth in position

From this reading Union in the nineteenth century.

novelistsnounUS /ˈnɑːvələsts/

plural of “novelist” — one who writes novels

From this reading The Victorian novelists.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Classification as satirists. Testimony of the novelists themselves as to satire 41 _PART II_ METHODS

PARTnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading Classification as satirists. Testimony of the novelists themselves as to satire 41 _PART II_ METHODS

RelationshipnounUS /riˈleɪʃənʃɪp/

a relation between people; (“relationship” is often used where “relation” would serve, as in `the relationship between inflation and unemployment', but the preferred usage of “relationship” is for human relations or states of relatedness)

From this reading THE CONFLUENCE Relationship between satire and fiction.

satirenounUS /ˈsætaɪər/

witty language used to convey insults or scorn

From this reading THE CONFLUENCE Relationship between satire and fiction.

satiristsnounUS /ˈsætərəsts/

plural of “satirist” — a humorist who uses ridicule and irony and sarcasm

From this reading Classification as satirists. Testimony of the novelists themselves as to satire 41 _PART II_ METHODS

TestimonynounUS /ˈtestəmoʊni/

a solemn statement made under oath

From this reading Classification as satirists. Testimony of the novelists themselves as to satire 41 _PART II_ METHODS

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE CONFLUENCE Relationship between satire and fiction.

TheirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Their chronology and background.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading Classification as satirists. Testimony of the novelists themselves as to satire 41 _PART II_ METHODS

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Classification as satirists. Testimony of the novelists themselves as to satire 41 _PART II_ METHODS

unevenadjectiveUS /əˈniːvən/

not even or uniform as e.g. in shape or texture

From this reading Ancient but incomplete and uneven alliance.

UnionnounUS /ˈjuːnjən/

an organization of employees formed to bargain with the employer

From this reading Union in the nineteenth century.

VictorianadjectiveUS /vɪkˈtɔːriən/

of or relating to Queen Victoria of Great Britain or to the age in which she ruled

From this reading The Victorian novelists.

Chapter 2 of Satire in the Victorian novel by Frances Theresa Russell holds 6 sentences, grouped into 2 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Satire in the Victorian novel contain?

Chapter 2 holds 6 sentences of Satire in the Victorian novel, unabridged, divided into 2 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Satire in the Victorian novel by Frances Theresa Russell exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 6 sentences, grouped into 2 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Satire in the Victorian novel?

Work through the 2 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 2 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Satire in the Victorian novel

Common questions about reading Satire in the Victorian novel by Frances Theresa Russell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Satire in the Victorian novel?

Yes. All 4593 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #67581 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Satire in the Victorian novel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #67581, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Satire in the Victorian novel take to read?

About 382 minutes of reading across 919 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Satire in the Victorian novel section by section

How to work through Satire in the Victorian novel section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 19 chapters of Satire in the Victorian novel to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Satire in the Victorian novel

Words and structures a reader meets early in Satire in the Victorian novel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Frances
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Satire in the Victorian novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Theresa
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Satire in the Victorian novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Russell
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Satire in the Victorian novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Macmillan
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Satire in the Victorian novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.