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Saul of Tarsus
Saul of Tarsus

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Saul of Tarsus is here in full — 175 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/35 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE FIRST MARTYR Mid-March in Judea was the querulous age of the young year.
It was a time of a tempered sun and intervals of long rains and chill winds.
Under such persuasion, the rounded hills which upbore and encompassed Jerusalem took on a coat green as emerald and thick as civet-fur.
Above it the leaning cedars, newly-tipped with verdure, spread their peculiar flat crowns like ancient hands extended in benediction over the soil.
Shoals of wild flowers, or rather flowers so long in fellowship with the fields of Palestine as to become domesticated, were scarlet and gold in shallows of green.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Saul of Tarsus

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Saul of Tarsus is here in full — 175 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/35 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE FIRST MARTYR Mid-March in Judea was the querulous age of the young year.
Line 2
It was a time of a tempered sun and intervals of long rains and chill winds.
/ɪt wɑːz ə taɪm ʌv ə ˈtempərd sʌn ənd ˈɪntərvəlz ʌv lɔːŋ reɪnz ənd tʃɪl wɪndz/
Line 3
Under such persuasion, the rounded hills which upbore and encompassed Jerusalem took on a coat green as emerald and thick as civet-fur.
Line 4
Above it the leaning cedars, newly-tipped with verdure, spread their peculiar flat crowns like ancient hands extended in benediction over the soil.
Line 5
Shoals of wild flowers, or rather flowers so long in fellowship with the fields of Palestine as to become domesticated, were scarlet and gold in shallows of green.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

benediction noun US /ˌbenəˈdɪkʃən/

the act of praying for divine protection

From this reading “Above it the leaning cedars, newly-tipped with verdure, spread their peculiar flat crowns like ancient hands extended in benediction over the soil.”

cedars noun US /ˈsiːdərz/

plural of “cedar” — any of numerous trees of the family Cupressaceae that resemble cedars

From this reading “Above it the leaning cedars, newly-tipped with verdure, spread their peculiar flat crowns like ancient hands extended in benediction over the soil.”

domesticated adjective US /dəˈmestəkeɪtəd/

converted or adapted to domestic use

From this reading “Shoals of wild flowers, or rather flowers so long in fellowship with the fields of Palestine as to become domesticated, were scarlet and gold in shallows of green.”

encompassed verb US /enˈkʌmpəst/

past form of “encompass” — include in scope; include as part of something broader; have as one's sphere or territory

From this reading “Under such persuasion, the rounded hills which upbore and encompassed Jerusalem took on a coat green as emerald and thick as civet-fur.”

Judea noun US /dʒuːˈdiːə/

the southern part of ancient Palestine succeeding the kingdom of Judah; a Roman province at the time of Christ

From this reading “THE FIRST MARTYR Mid-March in Judea was the querulous age of the young year.”

Palestine noun US /ˈpæləstaɪn/

a former British mandate on the east coast of the Mediterranean; divided between Jordan and Israel in 1948

From this reading “Shoals of wild flowers, or rather flowers so long in fellowship with the fields of Palestine as to become domesticated, were scarlet and gold in shallows of green.”

querulous adjective US /ˈkwerələs/

habitually complaining

From this reading “THE FIRST MARTYR Mid-March in Judea was the querulous age of the young year.”

Shoals noun US /ʃoʊlz/

plural of “shoal” — a sandbank in a stretch of water that is visible at low tide

From this reading “Shoals of wild flowers, or rather flowers so long in fellowship with the fields of Palestine as to become domesticated, were scarlet and gold in shallows of green.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

wild flowers adjective + noun counted as “wild flower”

wild or uncultivated flowering plant

In this reading “Shoals of wild flowers, or rather flowers so long in fellowship with the fields of Palestine as to become domesticated, were scarlet and gold in shallows of green.”

chill winds noun + noun counted as “chill wind”

In this reading “It was a time of a tempered sun and intervals of long rains and chill winds.”

with verdure preposition + noun

In this reading “Above it the leaning cedars, newly-tipped with verdure, spread their peculiar flat crowns like ancient hands extended in benediction over the soil.”

All words in this reading · 74

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was a time of a tempered sun and intervals of long rains and chill winds.

AboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading Above it the leaning cedars, newly-tipped with verdure, spread their peculiar flat crowns like ancient hands extended in benediction over the soil.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading THE FIRST MARTYR Mid-March in Judea was the querulous age of the young year.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading Above it the leaning cedars, newly-tipped with verdure, spread their peculiar flat crowns like ancient hands extended in benediction over the soil.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was a time of a tempered sun and intervals of long rains and chill winds.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Under such persuasion, the rounded hills which upbore and encompassed Jerusalem took on a coat green as emerald and thick as civet-fur.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Shoals of wild flowers, or rather flowers so long in fellowship with the fields of Palestine as to become domesticated, were scarlet and gold in shallows of green.

benedictionnounUS /ˌbenəˈdɪkʃən/

the act of praying for divine protection

From this reading Above it the leaning cedars, newly-tipped with verdure, spread their peculiar flat crowns like ancient hands extended in benediction over the soil.

cedarsnounUS /ˈsiːdərz/

plural of “cedar” — any of numerous trees of the family Cupressaceae that resemble cedars

From this reading Above it the leaning cedars, newly-tipped with verdure, spread their peculiar flat crowns like ancient hands extended in benediction over the soil.

chillnounUS /tʃɪl/

coldness due to a cold environment

From this reading It was a time of a tempered sun and intervals of long rains and chill winds.

civet-fur

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Under such persuasion, the rounded hills which upbore and encompassed Jerusalem took on a coat green as emerald and thick as civet-fur.

coatnounUS /koʊt/

an outer garment that has sleeves and covers the body from shoulder down; worn outdoors

From this reading Under such persuasion, the rounded hills which upbore and encompassed Jerusalem took on a coat green as emerald and thick as civet-fur.

crownsnounUS /kraʊnz/

plural of “crown” — the Crown (or the reigning monarch) as the symbol of the power and authority of a monarchy

From this reading Above it the leaning cedars, newly-tipped with verdure, spread their peculiar flat crowns like ancient hands extended in benediction over the soil.

domesticatedadjectiveUS /dəˈmestəkeɪtəd/

converted or adapted to domestic use

From this reading Shoals of wild flowers, or rather flowers so long in fellowship with the fields of Palestine as to become domesticated, were scarlet and gold in shallows of green.

emeraldnounUS /ˈemrəld/

a green transparent form of beryl; highly valued as a gemstone

From this reading Under such persuasion, the rounded hills which upbore and encompassed Jerusalem took on a coat green as emerald and thick as civet-fur.

encompassedverbUS /enˈkʌmpəst/

past form of “encompass” — include in scope; include as part of something broader; have as one's sphere or territory

From this reading Under such persuasion, the rounded hills which upbore and encompassed Jerusalem took on a coat green as emerald and thick as civet-fur.

extendedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈstendəd/

relatively long in duration; tediously protracted

From this reading Above it the leaning cedars, newly-tipped with verdure, spread their peculiar flat crowns like ancient hands extended in benediction over the soil.

fellowshipnounUS /ˈfeloʊʃɪp/

an association of people who share common beliefs or activities

From this reading Shoals of wild flowers, or rather flowers so long in fellowship with the fields of Palestine as to become domesticated, were scarlet and gold in shallows of green.

fieldsnounUS /fiːldz/

United States comedian and film actor (1880-1946)

From this reading Shoals of wild flowers, or rather flowers so long in fellowship with the fields of Palestine as to become domesticated, were scarlet and gold in shallows of green.

FIRSTadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading THE FIRST MARTYR Mid-March in Judea was the querulous age of the young year.

flatadjectiveUS /flæt/

having a surface without slope, tilt in which no part is higher or lower than another

From this reading Above it the leaning cedars, newly-tipped with verdure, spread their peculiar flat crowns like ancient hands extended in benediction over the soil.

flowersnounUS /ˈflaʊərz/

plural of “flower” — a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms

From this reading Shoals of wild flowers, or rather flowers so long in fellowship with the fields of Palestine as to become domesticated, were scarlet and gold in shallows of green.

goldnounUS /ɡoʊld/

coins made of gold

From this reading Shoals of wild flowers, or rather flowers so long in fellowship with the fields of Palestine as to become domesticated, were scarlet and gold in shallows of green.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading Under such persuasion, the rounded hills which upbore and encompassed Jerusalem took on a coat green as emerald and thick as civet-fur.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading Above it the leaning cedars, newly-tipped with verdure, spread their peculiar flat crowns like ancient hands extended in benediction over the soil.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading Under such persuasion, the rounded hills which upbore and encompassed Jerusalem took on a coat green as emerald and thick as civet-fur.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE FIRST MARTYR Mid-March in Judea was the querulous age of the young year.

intervalsnounUS /ˈɪntərvəlz/

plural of “interval” — a definite length of time marked off by two instants

From this reading It was a time of a tempered sun and intervals of long rains and chill winds.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was a time of a tempered sun and intervals of long rains and chill winds.

JerusalemnounUS /dʒərˈuːsələm/

capital and largest city of the modern state of Israel (although its status as capital is disputed)

From this reading Under such persuasion, the rounded hills which upbore and encompassed Jerusalem took on a coat green as emerald and thick as civet-fur.

JudeanounUS /dʒuːˈdiːə/

the southern part of ancient Palestine succeeding the kingdom of Judah; a Roman province at the time of Christ

From this reading THE FIRST MARTYR Mid-March in Judea was the querulous age of the young year.

leaningadjectiveUS /ˈliːnɪŋ/

departing or being caused to depart from the true vertical or horizontal

From this reading Above it the leaning cedars, newly-tipped with verdure, spread their peculiar flat crowns like ancient hands extended in benediction over the soil.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Above it the leaning cedars, newly-tipped with verdure, spread their peculiar flat crowns like ancient hands extended in benediction over the soil.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading It was a time of a tempered sun and intervals of long rains and chill winds.

MARTYRnounUS /ˈmɑːrtər/

one who suffers for the sake of principle

From this reading THE FIRST MARTYR Mid-March in Judea was the querulous age of the young year.

Mid-Marchnoun

the middle part of March

From this reading THE FIRST MARTYR Mid-March in Judea was the querulous age of the young year.

newly-tipped

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Above it the leaning cedars, newly-tipped with verdure, spread their peculiar flat crowns like ancient hands extended in benediction over the soil.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE FIRST MARTYR Mid-March in Judea was the querulous age of the young year.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Under such persuasion, the rounded hills which upbore and encompassed Jerusalem took on a coat green as emerald and thick as civet-fur.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Shoals of wild flowers, or rather flowers so long in fellowship with the fields of Palestine as to become domesticated, were scarlet and gold in shallows of green.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Above it the leaning cedars, newly-tipped with verdure, spread their peculiar flat crowns like ancient hands extended in benediction over the soil.

PalestinenounUS /ˈpæləstaɪn/

a former British mandate on the east coast of the Mediterranean; divided between Jordan and Israel in 1948

From this reading Shoals of wild flowers, or rather flowers so long in fellowship with the fields of Palestine as to become domesticated, were scarlet and gold in shallows of green.

peculiaradjectiveUS /pəˈkjuːljər/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading Above it the leaning cedars, newly-tipped with verdure, spread their peculiar flat crowns like ancient hands extended in benediction over the soil.

persuasionnounUS /pərˈsweɪʒən/

the act of persuading (or attempting to persuade); communication intended to induce belief or action

From this reading Under such persuasion, the rounded hills which upbore and encompassed Jerusalem took on a coat green as emerald and thick as civet-fur.

querulousadjectiveUS /ˈkwerələs/

habitually complaining

From this reading THE FIRST MARTYR Mid-March in Judea was the querulous age of the young year.

rainsnounUS /reɪnz/

plural of “rain” — water falling in drops from vapor condensed in the atmosphere

From this reading It was a time of a tempered sun and intervals of long rains and chill winds.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading Shoals of wild flowers, or rather flowers so long in fellowship with the fields of Palestine as to become domesticated, were scarlet and gold in shallows of green.

roundedadjectiveUS /ˈraʊndəd/

curving and somewhat round in shape rather than jagged

From this reading Under such persuasion, the rounded hills which upbore and encompassed Jerusalem took on a coat green as emerald and thick as civet-fur.

scarletnounUS /ˈskɑːrlət/

a variable color that is vivid red but sometimes with an orange tinge

From this reading Shoals of wild flowers, or rather flowers so long in fellowship with the fields of Palestine as to become domesticated, were scarlet and gold in shallows of green.

shallows

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shoals of wild flowers, or rather flowers so long in fellowship with the fields of Palestine as to become domesticated, were scarlet and gold in shallows of green.

ShoalsnounUS /ʃoʊlz/

plural of “shoal” — a sandbank in a stretch of water that is visible at low tide

From this reading Shoals of wild flowers, or rather flowers so long in fellowship with the fields of Palestine as to become domesticated, were scarlet and gold in shallows of green.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Shoals of wild flowers, or rather flowers so long in fellowship with the fields of Palestine as to become domesticated, were scarlet and gold in shallows of green.

soilnounUS /sɔɪl/

the state of being covered with unclean things

From this reading Above it the leaning cedars, newly-tipped with verdure, spread their peculiar flat crowns like ancient hands extended in benediction over the soil.

spreadverbUS /spred/

distribute or disperse widely

From this reading Above it the leaning cedars, newly-tipped with verdure, spread their peculiar flat crowns like ancient hands extended in benediction over the soil.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Under such persuasion, the rounded hills which upbore and encompassed Jerusalem took on a coat green as emerald and thick as civet-fur.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading It was a time of a tempered sun and intervals of long rains and chill winds.

temperedadjectiveUS /ˈtempərd/

made hard or flexible or resilient especially by heat treatment

From this reading It was a time of a tempered sun and intervals of long rains and chill winds.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE FIRST MARTYR Mid-March in Judea was the querulous age of the young year.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Above it the leaning cedars, newly-tipped with verdure, spread their peculiar flat crowns like ancient hands extended in benediction over the soil.

thickadjectiveUS /θɪk/

not thin; of a specific thickness or of relatively great extent from one surface to the opposite usually in the smallest of the three solid dimensions

From this reading Under such persuasion, the rounded hills which upbore and encompassed Jerusalem took on a coat green as emerald and thick as civet-fur.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading It was a time of a tempered sun and intervals of long rains and chill winds.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Shoals of wild flowers, or rather flowers so long in fellowship with the fields of Palestine as to become domesticated, were scarlet and gold in shallows of green.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Under such persuasion, the rounded hills which upbore and encompassed Jerusalem took on a coat green as emerald and thick as civet-fur.

UnderprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Under such persuasion, the rounded hills which upbore and encompassed Jerusalem took on a coat green as emerald and thick as civet-fur.

upbore

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Under such persuasion, the rounded hills which upbore and encompassed Jerusalem took on a coat green as emerald and thick as civet-fur.

verdurenoun

green foliage

From this reading Above it the leaning cedars, newly-tipped with verdure, spread their peculiar flat crowns like ancient hands extended in benediction over the soil.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE FIRST MARTYR Mid-March in Judea was the querulous age of the young year.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Shoals of wild flowers, or rather flowers so long in fellowship with the fields of Palestine as to become domesticated, were scarlet and gold in shallows of green.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Under such persuasion, the rounded hills which upbore and encompassed Jerusalem took on a coat green as emerald and thick as civet-fur.

wildadjectiveUS /waɪld/

marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading Shoals of wild flowers, or rather flowers so long in fellowship with the fields of Palestine as to become domesticated, were scarlet and gold in shallows of green.

windsnounUS /wɪndz/

plural of “wind” — air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading It was a time of a tempered sun and intervals of long rains and chill winds.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Above it the leaning cedars, newly-tipped with verdure, spread their peculiar flat crowns like ancient hands extended in benediction over the soil.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading THE FIRST MARTYR Mid-March in Judea was the querulous age of the young year.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading THE FIRST MARTYR Mid-March in Judea was the querulous age of the young year.

Chapter 3 of Saul of Tarsus by Elizabeth Miller holds 175 sentences, grouped into 35 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Saul of Tarsus contain?

Chapter 3 holds 175 sentences of Saul of Tarsus, unabridged, divided into 35 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Saul of Tarsus by Elizabeth Miller exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 175 sentences, grouped into 35 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Saul of Tarsus?

Work through the 35 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 35 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Saul of Tarsus

Common questions about reading Saul of Tarsus by Elizabeth Miller on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Saul of Tarsus?

Yes. All 7268 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #37862 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Saul of Tarsus is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #37862, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Saul of Tarsus take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1454 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Saul of Tarsus section by section

How to work through Saul of Tarsus section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 38 chapters of Saul of Tarsus to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Saul of Tarsus

Words and structures a reader meets early in Saul of Tarsus, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Certain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Saul of Tarsus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
March
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Saul of Tarsus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Levite
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Saul of Tarsus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Shoterim
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Saul of Tarsus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.