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Saunterings
Saunterings

Chapter IX

Cover illustration for Saunterings
Context Illustration Reading 1/29 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.
What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.
Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.
So, literally, the city is full of the memory of them; and the business of the city, aside from its manufactory of endless, curious toys, seems to consist in reproducing them and their immortal works to sell to strangers.
Other cities project new things, and grow with a modern impetus: Nuremberg lives in the past, and traffics on its ancient reputation.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Saunterings

Chapter IX

Reading 1/29 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.
Line 2
What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.
Line 3
Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.
Line 4
So, literally, the city is full of the memory of them; and the business of the city, aside from its manufactory of endless, curious toys, seems to consist in reproducing them and their immortal works to sell to strangers.
Line 5
Other cities project new things, and grow with a modern impetus: Nuremberg lives in the past, and traffics on its ancient reputation.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Ancient adjective US /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading “Other cities project new things, and grow with a modern impetus: Nuremberg lives in the past, and traffics on its ancient reputation.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.”

Has auxiliary verb US /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.”

Immortal adj US /ɪˈmɔːr.t̬əl/

Living forever; never dying or decaying. (Bất tử, trường tồn vĩnh cửu.)

From this reading “So, literally, the city is full of the memory of them; and the business of the city, aside from its manufactory of endless, curious toys, seems to consist in reproducing them and their immortal works to sell to strangers.”

Little noun US /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.”

Memory noun US /ˈmem.ər.i/

The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information and knowledge.

From this reading “The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.”

Still noun US /still/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.”

Upon preposition US /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading “The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.”

Without preposition US /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading “What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.”

Would modal verb US /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading “What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.”

All words in this reading · 100

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Other cities project new things, and grow with a modern impetus: Nuremberg lives in the past, and traffics on its ancient reputation.

Adam

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

Albrecht

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading Other cities project new things, and grow with a modern impetus: Nuremberg lives in the past, and traffics on its ancient reputation.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.

aside

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So, literally, the city is full of the memory of them; and the business of the city, aside from its manufactory of endless, curious toys, seems to consist in reproducing them and their immortal works to sell to strangers.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.

big

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.

bronze-worker

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

buildings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.

business

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So, literally, the city is full of the memory of them; and the business of the city, aside from its manufactory of endless, curious toys, seems to consist in reproducing them and their immortal works to sell to strangers.

carved

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

carving

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.

churches

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.

cities

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Other cities project new things, and grow with a modern impetus: Nuremberg lives in the past, and traffics on its ancient reputation.

city

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.

consist

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So, literally, the city is full of the memory of them; and the business of the city, aside from its manufactory of endless, curious toys, seems to consist in reproducing them and their immortal works to sell to strangers.

curious

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So, literally, the city is full of the memory of them; and the business of the city, aside from its manufactory of endless, curious toys, seems to consist in reproducing them and their immortal works to sell to strangers.

difficult

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

Durer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

endless

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So, literally, the city is full of the memory of them; and the business of the city, aside from its manufactory of endless, curious toys, seems to consist in reproducing them and their immortal works to sell to strangers.

fame

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.

former

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading So, literally, the city is full of the memory of them; and the business of the city, aside from its manufactory of endless, curious toys, seems to consist in reproducing them and their immortal works to sell to strangers.

full

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So, literally, the city is full of the memory of them; and the business of the city, aside from its manufactory of endless, curious toys, seems to consist in reproducing them and their immortal works to sell to strangers.

groups

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.

grow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Other cities project new things, and grow with a modern impetus: Nuremberg lives in the past, and traffics on its ancient reputation.

Hans

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.

immortaladjUS /ɪˈmɔːr.t̬əl/

Living forever; never dying or decaying. (Bất tử, trường tồn vĩnh cửu.)

From this reading So, literally, the city is full of the memory of them; and the business of the city, aside from its manufactory of endless, curious toys, seems to consist in reproducing them and their immortal works to sell to strangers.

impetus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Other cities project new things, and grow with a modern impetus: Nuremberg lives in the past, and traffics on its ancient reputation.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.

Kraft

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

literally

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So, literally, the city is full of the memory of them; and the business of the city, aside from its manufactory of endless, curious toys, seems to consist in reproducing them and their immortal works to sell to strangers.

littlenounUS /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.

live

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.

lives

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.

manufactory

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So, literally, the city is full of the memory of them; and the business of the city, aside from its manufactory of endless, curious toys, seems to consist in reproducing them and their immortal works to sell to strangers.

memorynounUS /ˈmem.ər.i/

The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information and knowledge.

From this reading The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.

modern

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Other cities project new things, and grow with a modern impetus: Nuremberg lives in the past, and traffics on its ancient reputation.

new

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Other cities project new things, and grow with a modern impetus: Nuremberg lives in the past, and traffics on its ancient reputation.

Nuremberg

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Other cities project new things, and grow with a modern impetus: Nuremberg lives in the past, and traffics on its ancient reputation.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Other cities project new things, and grow with a modern impetus: Nuremberg lives in the past, and traffics on its ancient reputation.

Other

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Other cities project new things, and grow with a modern impetus: Nuremberg lives in the past, and traffics on its ancient reputation.

past

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Other cities project new things, and grow with a modern impetus: Nuremberg lives in the past, and traffics on its ancient reputation.

Peter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

pictures

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.

poet-minstrel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

project

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Other cities project new things, and grow with a modern impetus: Nuremberg lives in the past, and traffics on its ancient reputation.

relics

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.

reproduced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.

reproducing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So, literally, the city is full of the memory of them; and the business of the city, aside from its manufactory of endless, curious toys, seems to consist in reproducing them and their immortal works to sell to strangers.

reputation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Other cities project new things, and grow with a modern impetus: Nuremberg lives in the past, and traffics on its ancient reputation.

Sachs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

said

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.

sale

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.

say

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

seems

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So, literally, the city is full of the memory of them; and the business of the city, aside from its manufactory of endless, curious toys, seems to consist in reproducing them and their immortal works to sell to strangers.

sell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So, literally, the city is full of the memory of them; and the business of the city, aside from its manufactory of endless, curious toys, seems to consist in reproducing them and their immortal works to sell to strangers.

set

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.

shoemaker

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

shop-windows

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So, literally, the city is full of the memory of them; and the business of the city, aside from its manufactory of endless, curious toys, seems to consist in reproducing them and their immortal works to sell to strangers.

sorts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.

statues

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.

stillnounUS /still/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.

stone

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.

stone-mason

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

Stoss

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

strangers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So, literally, the city is full of the memory of them; and the business of the city, aside from its manufactory of endless, curious toys, seems to consist in reproducing them and their immortal works to sell to strangers.

streets

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.

TheirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading So, literally, the city is full of the memory of them; and the business of the city, aside from its manufactory of endless, curious toys, seems to consist in reproducing them and their immortal works to sell to strangers.

things

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Other cities project new things, and grow with a modern impetus: Nuremberg lives in the past, and traffics on its ancient reputation.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

toys

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So, literally, the city is full of the memory of them; and the business of the city, aside from its manufactory of endless, curious toys, seems to consist in reproducing them and their immortal works to sell to strangers.

trades

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.

traffics

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Other cities project new things, and grow with a modern impetus: Nuremberg lives in the past, and traffics on its ancient reputation.

up

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.

Viet

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

Vischer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading The city, as I said, lives upon the memory of what it has been, and trades upon relics of its former fame.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Other cities project new things, and grow with a modern impetus: Nuremberg lives in the past, and traffics on its ancient reputation.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

wood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.

works

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their statues are set up in the streets; their works still live in the churches and city buildings,--pictures, and groups in stone and wood; and their statues, in all sorts of carving, are reproduced, big and little, in all the shop-windows, for sale.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading What it would have been without Albrecht Durer, and Adam Kraft the stone-mason, and Peter Vischer the bronze-worker, and Viet Stoss who carved in wood, and Hans Sachs the shoemaker and poet-minstrel, it is difficult to say.