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School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year
School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year is here in full — 387 sentences across 78 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/77 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Three stood calm and silent, And looked upon the foes, And a great shout of laughter From all the vanguard rose.
And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.
Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.
Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.
And now no sound of laughter Was heard among the foes.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year is here in full — 387 sentences across 78 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/77 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Three stood calm and silent, And looked upon the foes, And a great shout of laughter From all the vanguard rose.
/ðə θriː stʊd kɑːm ənd ˈsaɪlənt ənd lʊkt əˈpɑːn ðə foʊz ənd ə ɡreɪt ʃaʊt ʌv ˈlæftər frʌm ɔːl ðə ˈvænɡɑːrd roʊz/
Line 2
And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.
/ənd fɔːrθ θriː tʃiːfs keɪm ˈspɜːrɪŋ bɪˈfɔːr ðæt diːp ərˈeɪ tuː ɜːrθ ðeɪ spræŋ ðer sɔːrdz ðeɪ druː ənd ˈlɪftəd haɪ ðer ʃiːldz ənd fluː tuː wɪn ðə ˈneroʊ weɪ/
Line 3
Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.
Line 4
Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.
Line 5
And now no sound of laughter Was heard among the foes.
/ənd naʊ noʊ saʊnd ʌv ˈlæftər wɑːz hɜːrd əˈmʌŋ ðə foʊz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Clashed verb US /klæʃt/

past form of “clash” — crash together with violent impact

From this reading “Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.”

clove noun US /kloʊv/

aromatic flower bud of a clove tree; yields a spice

From this reading “Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.”

girt verb US /ɡɜːrt/

inflected form of “gird” — prepare oneself for a military confrontation

From this reading “Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.”

lowers noun US /ˈloʊərz/

plural of “lower” — the lower of two berths

From this reading “Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.”

Sicken verb US /ˈsɪkən/

cause aversion in; offend the moral sense of

From this reading “Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.”

spurring noun US /ˈspɜːrɪŋ/

a verbalization that encourages you to attempt something

From this reading “And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.”

vanguard noun US /ˈvænɡɑːrd/

the leading units moving at the head of an army

From this reading “The Three stood calm and silent, And looked upon the foes, And a great shout of laughter From all the vanguard rose.”

Vassal noun US /ˈvæsəl/

a person holding a fief; a person who owes allegiance and service to a feudal lord

From this reading “Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

eight hundred adjective + noun

In this reading “Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.”

girt with verb + particle counted as “gird with”

In this reading “Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.”

looked upon verb + particle counted as “look upon”

look on as or consider

In this reading “The Three stood calm and silent, And looked upon the foes, And a great shout of laughter From all the vanguard rose.”

hurled down verb + adjective counted as “hurl down”

In this reading “Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.”

Into the stream preposition + article + noun counted as “into … stream”

In this reading “Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.”

shout of verb + particle

In this reading “The Three stood calm and silent, And looked upon the foes, And a great shout of laughter From all the vanguard rose.”

in peace preposition + noun

In this reading “Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.”

All words in this reading · 112

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The Three stood calm and silent, And looked upon the foes, And a great shout of laughter From all the vanguard rose.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The Three stood calm and silent, And looked upon the foes, And a great shout of laughter From all the vanguard rose.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading And now no sound of laughter Was heard among the foes.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Three stood calm and silent, And looked upon the foes, And a great shout of laughter From all the vanguard rose.

Annus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

arraynounUS /ərˈeɪ/

an orderly arrangement

From this reading And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

BeforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.

beneathprepositionUS /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

bloodyadjectiveUS /ˈblʌdi/

having or covered with or accompanied by blood

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

braveadjectiveUS /breɪv/

possessing or displaying courage; able to face and deal with danger or fear without flinching

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

calmverbUS /kɑːm/

make calm or still

From this reading The Three stood calm and silent, And looked upon the foes, And a great shout of laughter From all the vanguard rose.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.

chiefsnounUS /tʃiːfs/

plural of “chief” — a person who is in charge

From this reading And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.

ClashedverbUS /klæʃt/

past form of “clash” — crash together with violent impact

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

clovenounUS /kloʊv/

aromatic flower bud of a clove tree; yields a spice

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

Clusium

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

cragnounUS /kræɡ/

a steep rugged rock or cliff

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

DartedverbUS /ˈdɑːrtɪd/

past form of “dart” — move along rapidly and lightly; skim or dart

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

drewnounUS /druː/

United States actor (born in Ireland); father of Georgiana Emma Barrymore (1827-1862)

From this reading And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.

dustverbUS /dʌst/

remove the dust from

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

fieryadjectiveUS /ˈfaɪəri/

characterized by intense emotion

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

fightverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

flewverbUS /fluː/

inflected form of “fly” — travel through the air; be airborne

From this reading And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.

foesnounUS /foʊz/

plural of “foe” — an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)

From this reading The Three stood calm and silent, And looked upon the foes, And a great shout of laughter From all the vanguard rose.

forthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.

fortressnounUS /ˈfɔːrtrəs/

a fortified defensive structure

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The Three stood calm and silent, And looked upon the foes, And a great shout of laughter From all the vanguard rose.

gildedadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪldɪd/

having the deep slightly brownish color of gold

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

girtverbUS /ɡɜːrt/

inflected form of “gird” — prepare oneself for a military confrontation

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

graynounUS /ɡreɪ/

a neutral achromatic color midway between white and black

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The Three stood calm and silent, And looked upon the foes, And a great shout of laughter From all the vanguard rose.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading And now no sound of laughter Was heard among the foes.

Herminius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.

HillnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

Horatius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

hurledverbUS /hɜːrld/

past form of “hurl” — throw forcefully

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

Ilva's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

IntoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

Lartius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

laughternounUS /ˈlæftər/

the sound of laughing

From this reading The Three stood calm and silent, And looked upon the foes, And a great shout of laughter From all the vanguard rose.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

liftedadjectiveUS /ˈlɪftəd/

held up in the air

From this reading And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading The Three stood calm and silent, And looked upon the foes, And a great shout of laughter From all the vanguard rose.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

lowersnounUS /ˈloʊərz/

plural of “lower” — the lower of two berths

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

minesnounUS /maɪnz/

plural of “mine” — excavation in the earth from which ores and minerals are extracted

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

Nar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

narrowverbUS /ˈneroʊ/

make or become more narrow or restricted

From this reading And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.

Nequinum

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading And now no sound of laughter Was heard among the foes.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading And now no sound of laughter Was heard among the foes.

O'eradverb

throughout a period of time

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Three stood calm and silent, And looked upon the foes, And a great shout of laughter From all the vanguard rose.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

paleadjectiveUS /peɪl/

very light colored; highly diluted with white

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

peacenounUS /piːs/

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

Picusnoun

type genus of Picidae

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

powersnounUS /ˈpaʊərz/

plural of “power” — possession of controlling influence

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

proudadjectiveUS /praʊd/

feeling self-respect or pleasure in something by which you measure your self-worth; or being a reason for pride

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading The Three stood calm and silent, And looked upon the foes, And a great shout of laughter From all the vanguard rose.

Seius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

shieldsnounUS /ʃiːldz/

plural of “shield” — a protective covering or structure

From this reading And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.

shoutverbUS /ʃaʊt/

utter in a loud voice; talk in a loud voice (usually denoting characteristic manner of speaking)

From this reading The Three stood calm and silent, And looked upon the foes, And a great shout of laughter From all the vanguard rose.

SickenverbUS /ˈsɪkən/

cause aversion in; offend the moral sense of

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

silentadjectiveUS /ˈsaɪlənt/

marked by absence of sound

From this reading The Three stood calm and silent, And looked upon the foes, And a great shout of laughter From all the vanguard rose.

slavesnounUS /sleɪvz/

plural of “slave” — a person who is owned by someone

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

soundnounUS /saʊnd/

the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading And now no sound of laughter Was heard among the foes.

sprangverbUS /spræŋ/

inflected form of “spring” — move forward by leaps and bounds

From this reading And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.

spurringnounUS /ˈspɜːrɪŋ/

a verbalization that encourages you to attempt something

From this reading And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading The Three stood calm and silent, And looked upon the foes, And a great shout of laughter From all the vanguard rose.

StoutadjectiveUS /staʊt/

dependable

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

streamnounUS /striːm/

a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

struckadjectiveUS /strʌk/

(used in combination) affected by something overwhelming

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

swordsnounUS /sɔːrdz/

plural of “sword” — a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.

teethnounUS /tiːθ/

the kind and number and arrangement of teeth (collectively) in a person or animal

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Three stood calm and silent, And looked upon the foes, And a great shout of laughter From all the vanguard rose.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.

ThreenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading The Three stood calm and silent, And looked upon the foes, And a great shout of laughter From all the vanguard rose.

thrustverbUS /θrʌst/

push forcefully

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

Tifernum

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.

towersnounUS /ˈtaʊərz/

plural of “tower” — a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

Umbriannoun

an extinct Italic language of ancient southern Italy

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

Umbrian's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Stout Lartius hurled down Annus Into the stream beneath: Herminius struck at Seius, And clove him to the teeth: At Picus brave Horatius Darted one fiery thrust; And the proud Umbrian's gilded arms Clashed in the bloody dust.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The Three stood calm and silent, And looked upon the foes, And a great shout of laughter From all the vanguard rose.

vanguardnounUS /ˈvænɡɑːrd/

the leading units moving at the head of an army

From this reading The Three stood calm and silent, And looked upon the foes, And a great shout of laughter From all the vanguard rose.

VassalnounUS /ˈvæsəl/

a person holding a fief; a person who owes allegiance and service to a feudal lord

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

VinesnounUS /vaɪnz/

plural of “vine” — a plant with a weak stem that derives support from climbing, twining, or creeping along a surface

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

Wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading And now no sound of laughter Was heard among the foes.

wavesnounUS /weɪvz/

plural of “wave” — one of a series of ridges that moves across the surface of a liquid (especially across a large body of water)

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

WhopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

winverbUS /wɪn/

be the winner in a contest or competition; be victorious

From this reading And forth three chiefs came spurring Before that deep array; To earth they sprang, their swords they drew And lifted high their shields, and flew To win the narrow way.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Annus from green Tifernum, Lord of the Hill of Vines; And Seius, whose eight hundred slaves Sicken in Ilva's mines; And Picus, long to Clusium Vassal in peace and war, Who led to fight his Umbrian powers From that gray crag where, girt with towers, The fortress of Nequinum lowers O'er the pale waves of Nar.

Chapter 2 of School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year by James Baldwin holds 387 sentences, grouped into 78 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year contain?

Chapter 2 holds 387 sentences of School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year, unabridged, divided into 78 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year by James Baldwin exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 387 sentences, grouped into 78 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year?

Work through the 78 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 78 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year

Common questions about reading School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year by James Baldwin on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year?

Yes. All 2635 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #36864 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #36864, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year take to read?

About 219 minutes of reading across 527 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year section by section

How to work through School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 7 chapters of School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year

Words and structures a reader meets early in School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Preface
A word that appears in the opening chapter of School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pupil
A word that appears in the opening chapter of School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sixth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
School
A word that appears in the opening chapter of School Reading by Grades: Sixth Year; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.