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Scottish sketches
Scottish sketches

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Scottish sketches is here in full — 98 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Scottish sketches
Context Illustration Reading 1/19 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.
The coal pit had been opened, and great iron furnaces built almost at its mouth.
Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.
Farquharson had struck hands with him over it, and the Blair iron ore went to the Crawford furnaces to be smelted into pig iron.
Crawford had grown younger in the ardent life he had been leading.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Scottish sketches

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Scottish sketches is here in full — 98 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/19 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.
Line 2
The coal pit had been opened, and great iron furnaces built almost at its mouth.
/ðə koʊl pɪt hæd bɪn ˈoʊpənd ənd ɡreɪt ˈaɪərn ˈfɜːrnʌsɪz bɪlt ˈɔːlmoʊst æt ɪts maʊθ/
Line 3
Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.
/θɪŋz hæd ɡɔːn wel wɪð ˈkrɔːfərd ðə siːm hæd pruːvd tuː biː əˈnjuːʒuːəli rɪtʃ ənd ðoʊ ðə ˈaɪərn hæd bɪn faʊnd nɑːt ɑːn hɪz lænd bʌt ɑːn ðə ekˈstriːm edʒ ʌv bler hiː wɑːz kwaɪt ˈsætəsfaɪd/
Line 4
Farquharson had struck hands with him over it, and the Blair iron ore went to the Crawford furnaces to be smelted into pig iron.
Line 5
Crawford had grown younger in the ardent life he had been leading.
/ˈkrɔːfərd hæd ɡroʊn ˈjʌŋɡər ɪn ðə ˈɑːrdənt laɪf hiː hæd bɪn ˈliːdɪŋ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Blair noun US /bler/

British statesman who became prime minister in 1997 (born in 1953)

From this reading “Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.”

clan noun US /klæn/

group of people related by blood or marriage

From this reading “In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.”

Crawford noun US /ˈkrɔːfərd/

United States neoclassical sculptor (1814-1857)

From this reading “In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.”

furnaces noun US /ˈfɜːrnʌsɪz/

plural of “furnace” — an enclosed chamber in which heat is produced to heat buildings, destroy refuse, smelt or refine ores, etc.

From this reading “The coal pit had been opened, and great iron furnaces built almost at its mouth.”

ore noun US /ɔːr/

a mineral that contains metal that is valuable enough to be mined

From this reading “Farquharson had struck hands with him over it, and the Blair iron ore went to the Crawford furnaces to be smelted into pig iron.”

pastoral adjective US /ˈpæstərəl/

of or relating to a pastor

From this reading “In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.”

seam noun US /siːm/

joint consisting of a line formed by joining two pieces

From this reading “Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.”

unusually adverb US /əˈnjuːʒuːəli/

to a remarkable degree or extent

From this reading “Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.

ardentadjectiveUS /ˈɑːrdənt/

characterized by intense emotion

From this reading Crawford had grown younger in the ardent life he had been leading.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The coal pit had been opened, and great iron furnaces built almost at its mouth.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The coal pit had been opened, and great iron furnaces built almost at its mouth.

BlairnounUS /bler/

British statesman who became prime minister in 1997 (born in 1953)

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading The coal pit had been opened, and great iron furnaces built almost at its mouth.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.

clachans

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.

clannounUS /klæn/

group of people related by blood or marriage

From this reading In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.

coalnounUS /koʊl/

fossil fuel consisting of carbonized vegetable matter deposited in the Carboniferous period

From this reading The coal pit had been opened, and great iron furnaces built almost at its mouth.

CrawfordnounUS /ˈkrɔːfərd/

United States neoclassical sculptor (1814-1857)

From this reading In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.

departurenounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtʃər/

the act of departing

From this reading In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.

edgenounUS /edʒ/

the boundary of a surface

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

extremeadjectiveUS /ekˈstriːm/

of the greatest possible degree or extent or intensity

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

Farquharson

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Farquharson had struck hands with him over it, and the Blair iron ore went to the Crawford furnaces to be smelted into pig iron.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

furnacesnounUS /ˈfɜːrnʌsɪz/

plural of “furnace” — an enclosed chamber in which heat is produced to heat buildings, destroy refuse, smelt or refine ores, etc.

From this reading The coal pit had been opened, and great iron furnaces built almost at its mouth.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The coal pit had been opened, and great iron furnaces built almost at its mouth.

grownadjectiveUS /ɡroʊn/

(of animals) fully developed

From this reading Crawford had grown younger in the ardent life he had been leading.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading Farquharson had struck hands with him over it, and the Blair iron ore went to the Crawford furnaces to be smelted into pig iron.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Farquharson had struck hands with him over it, and the Blair iron ore went to the Crawford furnaces to be smelted into pig iron.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Farquharson had struck hands with him over it, and the Blair iron ore went to the Crawford furnaces to be smelted into pig iron.

ironnounUS /ˈaɪərn/

a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver-white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood

From this reading The coal pit had been opened, and great iron furnaces built almost at its mouth.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Farquharson had struck hands with him over it, and the Blair iron ore went to the Crawford furnaces to be smelted into pig iron.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The coal pit had been opened, and great iron furnaces built almost at its mouth.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

leadingadjectiveUS /ˈliːdɪŋ/

indicating the most important performer or role

From this reading Crawford had grown younger in the ardent life he had been leading.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Crawford had grown younger in the ardent life he had been leading.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.

mouthnounUS /maʊθ/

the opening through which food is taken in and vocalizations emerge

From this reading The coal pit had been opened, and great iron furnaces built almost at its mouth.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

openedadjectiveUS /ˈoʊpənd/

used of mouth or eyes

From this reading The coal pit had been opened, and great iron furnaces built almost at its mouth.

orenounUS /ɔːr/

a mineral that contains metal that is valuable enough to be mined

From this reading Farquharson had struck hands with him over it, and the Blair iron ore went to the Crawford furnaces to be smelted into pig iron.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Farquharson had struck hands with him over it, and the Blair iron ore went to the Crawford furnaces to be smelted into pig iron.

pastoraladjectiveUS /ˈpæstərəl/

of or relating to a pastor

From this reading In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.

pignounUS /pɪɡ/

domestic swine

From this reading Farquharson had struck hands with him over it, and the Blair iron ore went to the Crawford furnaces to be smelted into pig iron.

pitnounUS /pɪt/

A large hole in the ground, or an abyss of darkness and peril.

From this reading The coal pit had been opened, and great iron furnaces built almost at its mouth.

provedadjectiveUS /pruːvd/

established beyond doubt

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

richadjectiveUS /rɪtʃ/

possessing material wealth

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

satisfiedadjectiveUS /ˈsætəsfaɪd/

filled with satisfaction

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

seamnounUS /siːm/

joint consisting of a line formed by joining two pieces

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

smelted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Farquharson had struck hands with him over it, and the Blair iron ore went to the Crawford furnaces to be smelted into pig iron.

struckadjectiveUS /strʌk/

(used in combination) affected by something overwhelming

From this reading Farquharson had struck hands with him over it, and the Blair iron ore went to the Crawford furnaces to be smelted into pig iron.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.

ThingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

tracesnounUS /ˈtreɪsəz/

plural of “trace” — a just detectable amount

From this reading In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.

Traquare

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.

unusuallyadverbUS /əˈnjuːʒuːəli/

to a remarkable degree or extent

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Farquharson had struck hands with him over it, and the Blair iron ore went to the Crawford furnaces to be smelted into pig iron.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Things had gone well with Crawford; the seam had proved to be unusually rich; and, though the iron had been found, not on his land, but on the extreme edge of Blair, he was quite satisfied.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading In a year after the departure of the clan, the clachans of Crawford and Traquare had lost almost all traces of their old pastoral character.

youngeradjectiveUS /ˈjʌŋɡər/

used of the younger of two persons of the same name especially used to distinguish a son from his father

From this reading Crawford had grown younger in the ardent life he had been leading.

Chapter 3 of Scottish sketches by Amelia E. Barr holds 98 sentences, grouped into 20 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Scottish sketches contain?

Chapter 3 holds 98 sentences of Scottish sketches, unabridged, divided into 20 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Scottish sketches by Amelia E. Barr exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 98 sentences, grouped into 20 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Scottish sketches?

Work through the 20 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 20 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Scottish sketches

Common questions about reading Scottish sketches by Amelia E. Barr on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Scottish sketches?

Yes. All 3507 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #14494 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Scottish sketches is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #14494, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Scottish sketches take to read?

About 292 minutes of reading across 702 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Scottish sketches section by section

How to work through Scottish sketches section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 32 chapters of Scottish sketches to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Scottish sketches

Words and structures a reader meets early in Scottish sketches, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Conversation
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Scottish sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Progress
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Scottish sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Strangely
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Scottish sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dissimilar
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Scottish sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.