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Scottish sketches
Scottish sketches

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Scottish sketches is here in full — 121 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Scottish sketches
Context Illustration Reading 1/24 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
John sat and looked at his fallen idol with a vacant, tear-stained face.
He tried to pray a few words at intervals, but he was not yet able to gird up his soul and wrestle with this grief.
When Jenny came in she was shocked at the gray, wretched look with which her master pointed to the shameful figure on the sofa.
Nevertheless, she went gently to it, raised the fallen head to the pillow, and then went and got a blanket to cover the sleeper, muttering, "Poor fellow!
There's nae need to let him get a pleurisy, ony gate.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Scottish sketches

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Scottish sketches is here in full — 121 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
John sat and looked at his fallen idol with a vacant, tear-stained face.
Line 2
He tried to pray a few words at intervals, but he was not yet able to gird up his soul and wrestle with this grief.
/hiː traɪd tuː preɪ ə fjuː wɜːrdz æt ˈɪntərvəlz bʌt hiː wɑːz nɑːt jet ˈeɪbəl tuː ɡɜːrd ʌp hɪz soʊl ənd ˈresəl wɪð ðɪs ɡriːf/
Line 3
When Jenny came in she was shocked at the gray, wretched look with which her master pointed to the shameful figure on the sofa.
/wen ˈdʒeni keɪm ɪn ʃiː wɑːz ʃɑːkt æt ðə ɡreɪ ˈretʃɪd lʊk wɪð wɪtʃ hɜːr ˈmæstər ˈpɔɪntɪd tuː ðə ˈʃeɪmfəl ˈfɪɡjər ɑːn ðə ˈsoʊfə/
Line 4
Nevertheless, she went gently to it, raised the fallen head to the pillow, and then went and got a blanket to cover the sleeper, muttering, "Poor fellow!
/ˌnevərðəˈles ʃiː went ˈdʒentli tuː ɪt reɪzd ðə ˈfɑːlən hed tuː ðə ˈpɪloʊ ənd ðen went ənd ɡɑːt ə ˈblæŋkət tuː ˈkʌvər ðə ˈsliːpər ˈmʌtərɪŋ puːr ˈfeloʊ/
Line 5
There's nae need to let him get a pleurisy, ony gate.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

gird verb US /ɡɜːrd/

prepare oneself for a military confrontation

From this reading “He tried to pray a few words at intervals, but he was not yet able to gird up his soul and wrestle with this grief.”

idol noun US /ˈaɪdəl/

a material effigy that is worshipped

From this reading “John sat and looked at his fallen idol with a vacant, tear-stained face.”

Jenny noun US /ˈdʒeni/

United States architect who designed the first skyscraper in which a metal skeleton was used (1832-1907)

From this reading “When Jenny came in she was shocked at the gray, wretched look with which her master pointed to the shameful figure on the sofa.”

muttering noun US /ˈmʌtərɪŋ/

a low continuous indistinct sound; often accompanied by movement of the lips without the production of articulate speech

From this reading “Nevertheless, she went gently to it, raised the fallen head to the pillow, and then went and got a blanket to cover the sleeper, muttering, "Poor fellow!”

pleurisy noun US /ˈplʊrəsi/

inflammation of the pleura of the lungs (especially the parietal layer)

From this reading “There's nae need to let him get a pleurisy, ony gate.”

shameful adjective US /ˈʃeɪmfəl/

(used of conduct or character) deserving or bringing disgrace or shame

From this reading “When Jenny came in she was shocked at the gray, wretched look with which her master pointed to the shameful figure on the sofa.”

sleeper noun US /ˈsliːpər/

a rester who is sleeping

From this reading “Nevertheless, she went gently to it, raised the fallen head to the pillow, and then went and got a blanket to cover the sleeper, muttering, "Poor fellow!”

wrestle verb US /ˈresəl/

combat to overcome an opposing tendency or force

From this reading “He tried to pray a few words at intervals, but he was not yet able to gird up his soul and wrestle with this grief.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading John sat and looked at his fallen idol with a vacant, tear-stained face.

ableadjectiveUS /ˈeɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something

From this reading He tried to pray a few words at intervals, but he was not yet able to gird up his soul and wrestle with this grief.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading John sat and looked at his fallen idol with a vacant, tear-stained face.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading John sat and looked at his fallen idol with a vacant, tear-stained face.

blanketnounUS /ˈblæŋkət/

bedding that keeps a person warm in bed

From this reading Nevertheless, she went gently to it, raised the fallen head to the pillow, and then went and got a blanket to cover the sleeper, muttering, "Poor fellow!

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He tried to pray a few words at intervals, but he was not yet able to gird up his soul and wrestle with this grief.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading When Jenny came in she was shocked at the gray, wretched look with which her master pointed to the shameful figure on the sofa.

coververbUS /ˈkʌvər/

provide with a covering or cause to be covered

From this reading Nevertheless, she went gently to it, raised the fallen head to the pillow, and then went and got a blanket to cover the sleeper, muttering, "Poor fellow!

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading John sat and looked at his fallen idol with a vacant, tear-stained face.

fallenadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlən/

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading John sat and looked at his fallen idol with a vacant, tear-stained face.

fellownounUS /ˈfeloʊ/

a boy or man

From this reading Nevertheless, she went gently to it, raised the fallen head to the pillow, and then went and got a blanket to cover the sleeper, muttering, "Poor fellow!

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading He tried to pray a few words at intervals, but he was not yet able to gird up his soul and wrestle with this grief.

figurenounUS /ˈfɪɡjər/

a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading When Jenny came in she was shocked at the gray, wretched look with which her master pointed to the shameful figure on the sofa.

gatenounUS /ɡeɪt/

a movable barrier in a fence or wall

From this reading There's nae need to let him get a pleurisy, ony gate.

gentlyadverbUS /ˈdʒentli/

in a gradual manner

From this reading Nevertheless, she went gently to it, raised the fallen head to the pillow, and then went and got a blanket to cover the sleeper, muttering, "Poor fellow!

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading There's nae need to let him get a pleurisy, ony gate.

girdverbUS /ɡɜːrd/

prepare oneself for a military confrontation

From this reading He tried to pray a few words at intervals, but he was not yet able to gird up his soul and wrestle with this grief.

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Nevertheless, she went gently to it, raised the fallen head to the pillow, and then went and got a blanket to cover the sleeper, muttering, "Poor fellow!

graynounUS /ɡreɪ/

a neutral achromatic color midway between white and black

From this reading When Jenny came in she was shocked at the gray, wretched look with which her master pointed to the shameful figure on the sofa.

griefnounUS /ɡriːf/

intense sorrow caused by loss of a loved one (especially by death)

From this reading He tried to pray a few words at intervals, but he was not yet able to gird up his soul and wrestle with this grief.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He tried to pray a few words at intervals, but he was not yet able to gird up his soul and wrestle with this grief.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Nevertheless, she went gently to it, raised the fallen head to the pillow, and then went and got a blanket to cover the sleeper, muttering, "Poor fellow!

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading When Jenny came in she was shocked at the gray, wretched look with which her master pointed to the shameful figure on the sofa.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading There's nae need to let him get a pleurisy, ony gate.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading John sat and looked at his fallen idol with a vacant, tear-stained face.

idolnounUS /ˈaɪdəl/

a material effigy that is worshipped

From this reading John sat and looked at his fallen idol with a vacant, tear-stained face.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading When Jenny came in she was shocked at the gray, wretched look with which her master pointed to the shameful figure on the sofa.

intervalsnounUS /ˈɪntərvəlz/

plural of “interval” — a definite length of time marked off by two instants

From this reading He tried to pray a few words at intervals, but he was not yet able to gird up his soul and wrestle with this grief.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Nevertheless, she went gently to it, raised the fallen head to the pillow, and then went and got a blanket to cover the sleeper, muttering, "Poor fellow!

JennynounUS /ˈdʒeni/

United States architect who designed the first skyscraper in which a metal skeleton was used (1832-1907)

From this reading When Jenny came in she was shocked at the gray, wretched look with which her master pointed to the shameful figure on the sofa.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading John sat and looked at his fallen idol with a vacant, tear-stained face.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading There's nae need to let him get a pleurisy, ony gate.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading When Jenny came in she was shocked at the gray, wretched look with which her master pointed to the shameful figure on the sofa.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading John sat and looked at his fallen idol with a vacant, tear-stained face.

masternounUS /ˈmæstər/

an artist of consummate skill

From this reading When Jenny came in she was shocked at the gray, wretched look with which her master pointed to the shameful figure on the sofa.

mutteringnounUS /ˈmʌtərɪŋ/

a low continuous indistinct sound; often accompanied by movement of the lips without the production of articulate speech

From this reading Nevertheless, she went gently to it, raised the fallen head to the pillow, and then went and got a blanket to cover the sleeper, muttering, "Poor fellow!

nae

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There's nae need to let him get a pleurisy, ony gate.

neednounUS /niːd/

a condition requiring relief

From this reading There's nae need to let him get a pleurisy, ony gate.

NeverthelessadverbUS /ˌnevərðəˈles/

in spite of what has just been said

From this reading Nevertheless, she went gently to it, raised the fallen head to the pillow, and then went and got a blanket to cover the sleeper, muttering, "Poor fellow!

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He tried to pray a few words at intervals, but he was not yet able to gird up his soul and wrestle with this grief.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading When Jenny came in she was shocked at the gray, wretched look with which her master pointed to the shameful figure on the sofa.

ony

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There's nae need to let him get a pleurisy, ony gate.

pillownounUS /ˈpɪloʊ/

a cushion to support the head of a sleeping person

From this reading Nevertheless, she went gently to it, raised the fallen head to the pillow, and then went and got a blanket to cover the sleeper, muttering, "Poor fellow!

pleurisynounUS /ˈplʊrəsi/

inflammation of the pleura of the lungs (especially the parietal layer)

From this reading There's nae need to let him get a pleurisy, ony gate.

pointedadjectiveUS /ˈpɔɪntɪd/

having a point

From this reading When Jenny came in she was shocked at the gray, wretched look with which her master pointed to the shameful figure on the sofa.

PooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading Nevertheless, she went gently to it, raised the fallen head to the pillow, and then went and got a blanket to cover the sleeper, muttering, "Poor fellow!

prayverbUS /preɪ/

address a deity, a prophet, a saint or an object of worship; say a prayer

From this reading He tried to pray a few words at intervals, but he was not yet able to gird up his soul and wrestle with this grief.

raisedadjectiveUS /reɪzd/

located or moved above the surround or above the normal position

From this reading Nevertheless, she went gently to it, raised the fallen head to the pillow, and then went and got a blanket to cover the sleeper, muttering, "Poor fellow!

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading John sat and looked at his fallen idol with a vacant, tear-stained face.

shamefuladjectiveUS /ˈʃeɪmfəl/

(used of conduct or character) deserving or bringing disgrace or shame

From this reading When Jenny came in she was shocked at the gray, wretched look with which her master pointed to the shameful figure on the sofa.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When Jenny came in she was shocked at the gray, wretched look with which her master pointed to the shameful figure on the sofa.

shockedadjectiveUS /ʃɑːkt/

struck with fear, dread, or consternation

From this reading When Jenny came in she was shocked at the gray, wretched look with which her master pointed to the shameful figure on the sofa.

sleepernounUS /ˈsliːpər/

a rester who is sleeping

From this reading Nevertheless, she went gently to it, raised the fallen head to the pillow, and then went and got a blanket to cover the sleeper, muttering, "Poor fellow!

sofanounUS /ˈsoʊfə/

an upholstered seat for more than one person

From this reading When Jenny came in she was shocked at the gray, wretched look with which her master pointed to the shameful figure on the sofa.

soulnounUS /soʊl/

the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading He tried to pray a few words at intervals, but he was not yet able to gird up his soul and wrestle with this grief.

tear-stained

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading John sat and looked at his fallen idol with a vacant, tear-stained face.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading When Jenny came in she was shocked at the gray, wretched look with which her master pointed to the shameful figure on the sofa.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Nevertheless, she went gently to it, raised the fallen head to the pillow, and then went and got a blanket to cover the sleeper, muttering, "Poor fellow!

There's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There's nae need to let him get a pleurisy, ony gate.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading He tried to pray a few words at intervals, but he was not yet able to gird up his soul and wrestle with this grief.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He tried to pray a few words at intervals, but he was not yet able to gird up his soul and wrestle with this grief.

triedadjectiveUS /traɪd/

tested and proved useful or correct

From this reading He tried to pray a few words at intervals, but he was not yet able to gird up his soul and wrestle with this grief.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading He tried to pray a few words at intervals, but he was not yet able to gird up his soul and wrestle with this grief.

vacantadjectiveUS /ˈveɪkənt/

void of intelligence or thought

From this reading John sat and looked at his fallen idol with a vacant, tear-stained face.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He tried to pray a few words at intervals, but he was not yet able to gird up his soul and wrestle with this grief.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Nevertheless, she went gently to it, raised the fallen head to the pillow, and then went and got a blanket to cover the sleeper, muttering, "Poor fellow!

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When Jenny came in she was shocked at the gray, wretched look with which her master pointed to the shameful figure on the sofa.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading When Jenny came in she was shocked at the gray, wretched look with which her master pointed to the shameful figure on the sofa.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading John sat and looked at his fallen idol with a vacant, tear-stained face.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading He tried to pray a few words at intervals, but he was not yet able to gird up his soul and wrestle with this grief.

wrestleverbUS /ˈresəl/

combat to overcome an opposing tendency or force

From this reading He tried to pray a few words at intervals, but he was not yet able to gird up his soul and wrestle with this grief.

wretchedadjectiveUS /ˈretʃɪd/

of very poor quality or condition

From this reading When Jenny came in she was shocked at the gray, wretched look with which her master pointed to the shameful figure on the sofa.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading He tried to pray a few words at intervals, but he was not yet able to gird up his soul and wrestle with this grief.

Chapter 20 of Scottish sketches by Amelia E. Barr holds 121 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Scottish sketches contain?

Chapter 20 holds 121 sentences of Scottish sketches, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Scottish sketches by Amelia E. Barr exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 121 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Scottish sketches?

Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Scottish sketches

Common questions about reading Scottish sketches by Amelia E. Barr on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Scottish sketches?

Yes. All 3507 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #14494 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Scottish sketches is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #14494, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Scottish sketches take to read?

About 292 minutes of reading across 702 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Scottish sketches section by section

How to work through Scottish sketches section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 32 chapters of Scottish sketches to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Scottish sketches

Words and structures a reader meets early in Scottish sketches, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Conversation
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Scottish sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Progress
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Scottish sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Strangely
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Scottish sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dissimilar
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Scottish sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.