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Second to None — Volume 3
Second to None — Volume 3

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Second to None — Volume 3 is here in full — 86 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Second to None — Volume 3
Context Illustration Reading 1/17 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
BATTLE OF MINDEN.
The morning of the 1st of August dawned fair and softly.
The sky was a deep blue, and light fleecy clouds were floating across it.
It was the opening of a day of battle, a day of doom to many, for who among us were fated to fall, and who to see its close?
A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Second to None — Volume 3

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Second to None — Volume 3 is here in full — 86 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/17 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
BATTLE OF MINDEN.
/ˈbætəl ʌv ˈmaɪndən/
Line 2
The morning of the 1st of August dawned fair and softly.
Line 3
The sky was a deep blue, and light fleecy clouds were floating across it.
/ðə skaɪ wɑːz ə diːp bluː ənd laɪt ˈfliːsi klaʊdz wɜːr ˈfloʊtɪŋ əˈkrɔːs ɪt/
Line 4
It was the opening of a day of battle, a day of doom to many, for who among us were fated to fall, and who to see its close?
/ɪt wɑːz ðə ˈoʊpənɪŋ ʌv ə deɪ ʌv ˈbætəl ə deɪ ʌv duːm tuː ˈmeni fɔːr huː əˈmʌŋ ʌs wɜːr ˈfeɪtɪd tuː fɔːl ənd huː tuː siː ɪts kloʊs/
Line 5
A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

billows noun US /ˈbɪloʊz/

plural of “billow” — a large sea wave

From this reading “A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.”

dawned verb US /dɔːnd/

past form of “dawn” — become clear or enter one's consciousness or emotions

From this reading “The morning of the 1st of August dawned fair and softly.”

doom verb US /duːm/

decree or designate beforehand

From this reading “It was the opening of a day of battle, a day of doom to many, for who among us were fated to fall, and who to see its close?”

fated adjective US /ˈfeɪtɪd/

(usually followed by “to”) determined by tragic fate

From this reading “It was the opening of a day of battle, a day of doom to many, for who among us were fated to fall, and who to see its close?”

fleecy adjective US /ˈfliːsi/

(of fabrics) having soft nap produced by brushing

From this reading “The sky was a deep blue, and light fleecy clouds were floating across it.”

minden noun US /ˈmaɪndən/

a battle in the Seven Years' War (1759) in which the English forces and their allies defeated the French

From this reading “BATTLE OF MINDEN.”

ripened adjective US /ˈraɪpənd/

of wines, fruit, cheeses; having reached a desired or final condition; (“aged” pronounced as one syllable)

From this reading “A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.”

swayed verb US /sweɪd/

past form of “sway” — move back and forth or sideways

From this reading “A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

gentle breeze adjective + noun

wind moving 8-12 knots; 3 on the Beaufort scale

In this reading “A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.”

green woods noun + noun

In this reading “A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.”

passed over verb + particle counted as “pass over”

bypass

In this reading “A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.”

All words in this reading · 54

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1st

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The morning of the 1st of August dawned fair and softly.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The sky was a deep blue, and light fleecy clouds were floating across it.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading The sky was a deep blue, and light fleecy clouds were floating across it.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading It was the opening of a day of battle, a day of doom to many, for who among us were fated to fall, and who to see its close?

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The morning of the 1st of August dawned fair and softly.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.

AugustnounUS /ˈɑːɡəst/

the month following July and preceding September

From this reading The morning of the 1st of August dawned fair and softly.

BATTLEnounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading BATTLE OF MINDEN.

billowsnounUS /ˈbɪloʊz/

plural of “billow” — a large sea wave

From this reading A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.

blueadjectiveUS /bluː/

of the color intermediate between green and violet; having a color similar to that of a clear unclouded sky

From this reading The sky was a deep blue, and light fleecy clouds were floating across it.

breezenounUS /briːz/

a slight wind (usually refreshing)

From this reading A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.

broadadjectiveUS /brɔːd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading It was the opening of a day of battle, a day of doom to many, for who among us were fated to fall, and who to see its close?

cloudsnounUS /klaʊdz/

plural of “cloud” — any collection of particles (e.g., smoke or dust) or gases that is visible

From this reading The sky was a deep blue, and light fleecy clouds were floating across it.

cornnounUS /kɔːrn/

tall annual cereal grass bearing kernels on large ears: widely cultivated in America in many varieties; the principal cereal in Mexico and Central and South America since pre-Columbian times

From this reading A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.

dawnedverbUS /dɔːnd/

past form of “dawn” — become clear or enter one's consciousness or emotions

From this reading The morning of the 1st of August dawned fair and softly.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading It was the opening of a day of battle, a day of doom to many, for who among us were fated to fall, and who to see its close?

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading The sky was a deep blue, and light fleecy clouds were floating across it.

doomverbUS /duːm/

decree or designate beforehand

From this reading It was the opening of a day of battle, a day of doom to many, for who among us were fated to fall, and who to see its close?

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading The morning of the 1st of August dawned fair and softly.

fallverbUS /fɔːl/

descend in free fall under the influence of gravity

From this reading It was the opening of a day of battle, a day of doom to many, for who among us were fated to fall, and who to see its close?

fatedadjectiveUS /ˈfeɪtɪd/

(usually followed by “to”) determined by tragic fate

From this reading It was the opening of a day of battle, a day of doom to many, for who among us were fated to fall, and who to see its close?

fleecyadjectiveUS /ˈfliːsi/

(of fabrics) having soft nap produced by brushing

From this reading The sky was a deep blue, and light fleecy clouds were floating across it.

floatingadjectiveUS /ˈfloʊtɪŋ/

borne up by or suspended in a liquid

From this reading The sky was a deep blue, and light fleecy clouds were floating across it.

foliagenounUS /ˈfoʊlɪdʒ/

the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It was the opening of a day of battle, a day of doom to many, for who among us were fated to fall, and who to see its close?

gentleadjectiveUS /ˈdʒentəl/

soft and mild; not harsh or stern or severe

From this reading A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.

harvest-fields

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The sky was a deep blue, and light fleecy clouds were floating across it.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading It was the opening of a day of battle, a day of doom to many, for who among us were fated to fall, and who to see its close?

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading The sky was a deep blue, and light fleecy clouds were floating across it.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading It was the opening of a day of battle, a day of doom to many, for who among us were fated to fall, and who to see its close?

MINDENnounUS /ˈmaɪndən/

a battle in the Seven Years' War (1759) in which the English forces and their allies defeated the French

From this reading BATTLE OF MINDEN.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading The morning of the 1st of August dawned fair and softly.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading BATTLE OF MINDEN.

openingnounUS /ˈoʊpənɪŋ/

an open or empty space in or between things

From this reading It was the opening of a day of battle, a day of doom to many, for who among us were fated to fall, and who to see its close?

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.

ripenedadjectiveUS /ˈraɪpənd/

of wines, fruit, cheeses; having reached a desired or final condition; (“aged” pronounced as one syllable)

From this reading A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading It was the opening of a day of battle, a day of doom to many, for who among us were fated to fall, and who to see its close?

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading The sky was a deep blue, and light fleecy clouds were floating across it.

softlyadverbUS /ˈsɔːftli/

with low volume

From this reading The morning of the 1st of August dawned fair and softly.

swayedverbUS /sweɪd/

past form of “sway” — move back and forth or sideways

From this reading A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The morning of the 1st of August dawned fair and softly.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It was the opening of a day of battle, a day of doom to many, for who among us were fated to fall, and who to see its close?

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It was the opening of a day of battle, a day of doom to many, for who among us were fated to fall, and who to see its close?

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The sky was a deep blue, and light fleecy clouds were floating across it.

wavedverbUS /weɪvd/

past form of “wave” — signal with the hands or nod

From this reading A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The sky was a deep blue, and light fleecy clouds were floating across it.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading It was the opening of a day of battle, a day of doom to many, for who among us were fated to fall, and who to see its close?

woodsnounUS /wʊdz/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.

yellowadjectiveUS /ˈjeloʊ/

of the color intermediate between green and orange in the color spectrum; of something resembling the color of an egg yolk

From this reading A gentle breeze waved the foliage of the green woods, and swayed the ripened corn in yellow billows as it passed over the broad harvest-fields.

Chapter 3 of Second to None — Volume 3 by James Grant holds 86 sentences, grouped into 18 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Second to None — Volume 3 contain?

Chapter 3 holds 86 sentences of Second to None — Volume 3, unabridged, divided into 18 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Second to None — Volume 3 by James Grant exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 86 sentences, grouped into 18 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Second to None — Volume 3?

Work through the 18 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 18 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Second to None — Volume 3

Common questions about reading Second to None — Volume 3 by James Grant on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Second to None — Volume 3?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Second to None — Volume 3 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Second to None — Volume 3 take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Second to None — Volume 3 section by section

How to work through Second to None — Volume 3 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of Second to None — Volume 3 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Second to None — Volume 3

Words and structures a reader meets early in Second to None — Volume 3, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Second to None — Volume 3, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Second to None — Volume 3, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Second to None — Volume 3, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.