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Secret History
Secret History

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Secret History is here in full — 48 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/9 · 5 lines
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_Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.
He gives no balls, no concerts; but he has had the church fitted up, and the fete dieu has been celebrated with great order, magnificence and solemnity.
At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.
The troops under arms were placed in double ranks on each side of the street.
The procession was opened by a number of young boys dressed in white surplices, singing a hymn in honour of the day.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Secret History

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Secret History is here in full — 48 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/9 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.
Line 2
He gives no balls, no concerts; but he has had the church fitted up, and the fete dieu has been celebrated with great order, magnificence and solemnity.
Line 3
At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.
/æt breɪk ʌv deɪ ðə feɪt wɑːz əˈnaʊnst baɪ ðə ˈfaɪrɪŋ ʌv ˈkænən æt eɪt əˈklɑːk ðə prəˈseʃən left ðə tʃɜːrtʃ ənd pæst θruː ðə ˈprɪnsəpəl striːts wɪtʃ wɜːr struːn wɪð ˈroʊzɪz ðə frʌnts ʌv ðə ˈhaʊsəz wɜːr ˈdekəreɪtɪd wɪð ɡriːn ˈbræntʃəz fɔːrmd ˈɪntuː ˈɑːrtʃəz ˌɪntərˈmɪŋɡəld wɪð riːθs ʌv ˈflaʊərz/
Line 4
The troops under arms were placed in double ranks on each side of the street.
/ðə truːps ˈʌndər ɑːrmz wɜːr pleɪst ɪn ˈdʌbəl ræŋks ɑːn iːtʃ saɪd ʌv ðə striːt/
Line 5
The procession was opened by a number of young boys dressed in white surplices, singing a hymn in honour of the day.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

arches noun US /ˈɑːrtʃəz/

plural of “arch” — a curved shape in the vertical plane that spans an opening

From this reading “At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.”

concerts noun US /ˈkɑːnsərts/

plural of “concert” — a performance of music by players or singers not involving theatrical staging

From this reading “He gives no balls, no concerts; but he has had the church fitted up, and the fete dieu has been celebrated with great order, magnificence and solemnity.”

fete verb US /feɪt/

have a celebration

From this reading “He gives no balls, no concerts; but he has had the church fitted up, and the fete dieu has been celebrated with great order, magnificence and solemnity.”

fronts noun US /frʌnts/

plural of “front” — the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading “At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.”

intermingled verb US /ˌɪntərˈmɪŋɡəld/

past form of “intermingle” — combine into one

From this reading “At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.”

popularity noun US /ˌpɑːpjəˈlerəti/

the quality of being widely admired or accepted or sought after

From this reading “_Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.”

strewn verb US /struːn/

inflected form of “strew” — spread by scattering ("straw" is archaic)

From this reading “At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.”

wreaths noun US /riːθs/

plural of “wreath” — flower arrangement consisting of a circular band of foliage or flowers for ornamental purposes

From this reading “At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

principal streets noun + noun counted as “principal street”

In this reading “At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.”

passed through verb + particle counted as “pass through”

make a passage or journey from one place to another

In this reading “At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.”

green branches noun + noun counted as “green branch”

In this reading “At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.”

intermingled with verb + particle counted as “intermingle with”

In this reading “At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.”

strewn with verb + particle counted as “strew with”

In this reading “At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.”

during the absence preposition + article + noun counted as “during … absence”

In this reading “_Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.”

dear friend adjective + noun

In this reading “_Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.”

new method adjective + noun

In this reading “_Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.”

All words in this reading · 104

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

absencenounUS /ˈæbsəns/

the state of being absent

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

amuseverbUS /əˈmjuːz/

occupy in an agreeable, entertaining or pleasant fashion

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

announcedadjectiveUS /əˈnaʊnst/

declared publicly; made widely known

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

archesnounUS /ˈɑːrtʃəz/

plural of “arch” — a curved shape in the vertical plane that spans an opening

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading The troops under arms were placed in double ranks on each side of the street.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

ballsnounUS /bɔːlz/

plural of “ball” — round object that is hit or thrown or kicked in games

From this reading He gives no balls, no concerts; but he has had the church fitted up, and the fete dieu has been celebrated with great order, magnificence and solemnity.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He gives no balls, no concerts; but he has had the church fitted up, and the fete dieu has been celebrated with great order, magnificence and solemnity.

boysnounUS /bɔɪz/

plural of “boy” — a youthful male person

From this reading The procession was opened by a number of young boys dressed in white surplices, singing a hymn in honour of the day.

branchesnounUS /ˈbræntʃəz/

plural of “branch” — a division of some larger or more complex organization

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

breakverbUS /breɪk/

terminate

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He gives no balls, no concerts; but he has had the church fitted up, and the fete dieu has been celebrated with great order, magnificence and solemnity.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

cannonnounUS /ˈkænən/

a large artillery gun that is usually on wheels

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

CapenounUS /keɪp/

a strip of land projecting into a body of water

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

celebratedadjectiveUS /ˈseləbreɪtɪd/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading He gives no balls, no concerts; but he has had the church fitted up, and the fete dieu has been celebrated with great order, magnificence and solemnity.

chiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

churchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading He gives no balls, no concerts; but he has had the church fitted up, and the fete dieu has been celebrated with great order, magnificence and solemnity.

Closelle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

commandsnounUS /kəˈmændz/

plural of “command” — an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

concertsnounUS /ˈkɑːnsərts/

plural of “concert” — a performance of music by players or singers not involving theatrical staging

From this reading He gives no balls, no concerts; but he has had the church fitted up, and the fete dieu has been celebrated with great order, magnificence and solemnity.

courtsnounUS /kɔːrts/

plural of “court” — an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

dearadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

decoratedadjectiveUS /ˈdekəreɪtɪd/

provided with something intended to increase its beauty or distinction

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

dieu

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He gives no balls, no concerts; but he has had the church fitted up, and the fete dieu has been celebrated with great order, magnificence and solemnity.

doubleverbUS /ˈdʌbəl/

increase twofold

From this reading The troops under arms were placed in double ranks on each side of the street.

dressedadjectiveUS /drest/

dressed or clothed especially in fine attire; often used in combination

From this reading The procession was opened by a number of young boys dressed in white surplices, singing a hymn in honour of the day.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading The troops under arms were placed in double ranks on each side of the street.

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

feteverbUS /feɪt/

have a celebration

From this reading He gives no balls, no concerts; but he has had the church fitted up, and the fete dieu has been celebrated with great order, magnificence and solemnity.

firingnounUS /ˈfaɪrɪŋ/

the act of firing weapons or artillery at an enemy

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

fittedadjectiveUS /ˈfɪtəd/

being the right size and shape to fit as desired

From this reading He gives no balls, no concerts; but he has had the church fitted up, and the fete dieu has been celebrated with great order, magnificence and solemnity.

flowersnounUS /ˈflaʊərz/

plural of “flower” — a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

formedadjectiveUS /fɔːrmd/

having or given a form or shape

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

Francois

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

frontsnounUS /frʌnts/

plural of “front” — the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

givesnounUS /ɡɪvz/

plural of “give” — the elasticity of something that can be stretched and returns to its original length

From this reading He gives no balls, no concerts; but he has had the church fitted up, and the fete dieu has been celebrated with great order, magnificence and solemnity.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading He gives no balls, no concerts; but he has had the church fitted up, and the fete dieu has been celebrated with great order, magnificence and solemnity.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He gives no balls, no concerts; but he has had the church fitted up, and the fete dieu has been celebrated with great order, magnificence and solemnity.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

honournounUS /ˈɑːnər/

the state of being honored

From this reading The procession was opened by a number of young boys dressed in white surplices, singing a hymn in honour of the day.

housesnounUS /ˈhaʊsəz/

plural of “house” — a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

hymnnounUS /hɪm/

a song of praise (to God or to a saint or to a nation)

From this reading The procession was opened by a number of young boys dressed in white surplices, singing a hymn in honour of the day.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

intermingledverbUS /ˌɪntərˈmɪŋɡəld/

past form of “intermingle” — combine into one

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

magnificencenoun

splendid or imposing in size or appearance

From this reading He gives no balls, no concerts; but he has had the church fitted up, and the fete dieu has been celebrated with great order, magnificence and solemnity.

methodnounUS /ˈmeθəd/

a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading He gives no balls, no concerts; but he has had the church fitted up, and the fete dieu has been celebrated with great order, magnificence and solemnity.

noveltynounUS /ˈnɑːvəlti/

originality by virtue of being refreshingly novel

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading The procession was opened by a number of young boys dressed in white surplices, singing a hymn in honour of the day.

o'clockadverbUS /əˈklɑːk/

according to the clock

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The troops under arms were placed in double ranks on each side of the street.

openedadjectiveUS /ˈoʊpənd/

used of mouth or eyes

From this reading The procession was opened by a number of young boys dressed in white surplices, singing a hymn in honour of the day.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading He gives no balls, no concerts; but he has had the church fitted up, and the fete dieu has been celebrated with great order, magnificence and solemnity.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading The troops under arms were placed in double ranks on each side of the street.

popularitynounUS /ˌpɑːpjəˈlerəti/

the quality of being widely admired or accepted or sought after

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

principalnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

processionnounUS /prəˈseʃən/

(theology) the origination of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

ranksnounUS /ræŋks/

plural of “rank” — a row or line of people (especially soldiers or police) standing abreast of one another

From this reading The troops under arms were placed in double ranks on each side of the street.

religionnounUS /rɪˈlɪdʒən/

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

rosesnounUS /ˈroʊzɪz/

plural of “rose” — any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading The troops under arms were placed in double ranks on each side of the street.

singingnounUS /ˈsɪŋɪŋ/

the act of singing vocal music

From this reading The procession was opened by a number of young boys dressed in white surplices, singing a hymn in honour of the day.

solemnitynounUS /səˈlemnəti/

a trait of dignified seriousness

From this reading He gives no balls, no concerts; but he has had the church fitted up, and the fete dieu has been celebrated with great order, magnificence and solemnity.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

streetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading The troops under arms were placed in double ranks on each side of the street.

streetsnounUS /striːts/

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

strewnverbUS /struːn/

inflected form of “strew” — spread by scattering ("straw" is archaic)

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

surplices

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The procession was opened by a number of young boys dressed in white surplices, singing a hymn in honour of the day.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

troopsnounUS /truːps/

soldiers collectively

From this reading The troops under arms were placed in double ranks on each side of the street.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading He gives no balls, no concerts; but he has had the church fitted up, and the fete dieu has been celebrated with great order, magnificence and solemnity.

veilnounUS /veɪl/

a garment that covers the head and face

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading The procession was opened by a number of young boys dressed in white surplices, singing a hymn in honour of the day.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading _Cape Francois._ We have had some novelty here my dear friend, for general Closelle, who commands during the absence of the general in chief, has taken a new method to amuse the people, and courts popularity under the veil of religion.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He gives no balls, no concerts; but he has had the church fitted up, and the fete dieu has been celebrated with great order, magnificence and solemnity.

wreathsnounUS /riːθs/

plural of “wreath” — flower arrangement consisting of a circular band of foliage or flowers for ornamental purposes

From this reading At break of day the fete was announced by the firing of cannon: at eight o'clock the procession left the church, and passed through the principal streets, which were strewn with roses; the fronts of the houses were decorated with green branches, formed into arches, intermingled with wreaths of flowers.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading The procession was opened by a number of young boys dressed in white surplices, singing a hymn in honour of the day.

Chapter 10 of Secret History by Leonora Sansay holds 48 sentences, grouped into 10 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Secret History contain?

Chapter 10 holds 48 sentences of Secret History, unabridged, divided into 10 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Secret History by Leonora Sansay exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 48 sentences, grouped into 10 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Secret History?

Work through the 10 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 10 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Secret History

Common questions about reading Secret History by Leonora Sansay on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Secret History?

Yes. All 1471 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #59533 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Secret History is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #59533, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Secret History take to read?

About 122 minutes of reading across 295 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Secret History section by section

How to work through Secret History section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 33 chapters of Secret History to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Secret History

Words and structures a reader meets early in Secret History, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

General
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Secret History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Rochambeau
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Secret History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Printer
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Secret History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Preface
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Secret History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.