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Selected Polish Tales
Selected Polish Tales

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Selected Polish Tales is here in full — 106 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Selected Polish Tales
Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.
For the distance of fifteen miles the Bialka flows on level ground.
Woods, villages, trees in the fields, crucifixes by the roadside show up clearly and become smaller and smaller as they recede into the distance.
It is a bit of country like a round table on which human beings live like a butterfly covered by a blue flower.
What man finds and what another leaves him he may eat, but he must not go too far or fly too high.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Selected Polish Tales

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Selected Polish Tales is here in full — 106 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.
Line 2
For the distance of fifteen miles the Bialka flows on level ground.
Line 3
Woods, villages, trees in the fields, crucifixes by the roadside show up clearly and become smaller and smaller as they recede into the distance.
/wʊdz ˈvɪlədʒəz triːz ɪn ðə fiːldz ˈkruːsəfɪksɪz baɪ ðə ˈroʊdsaɪd ʃoʊ ʌp ˈklɪrli ənd bɪˈkʌm ˈsmɔːlər ənd ˈsmɔːlər æz ðeɪ rɪˈsiːd ˈɪntuː ðə ˈdɪstəns/
Line 4
It is a bit of country like a round table on which human beings live like a butterfly covered by a blue flower.
/ɪt ɪz ə bɪt ʌv ˈkʌntri laɪk ə raʊnd ˈteɪbəl ɑːn wɪtʃ ˈhjuːmən ˈbiːɪŋz laɪv laɪk ə ˈbʌtərflaɪ ˈkʌvərd baɪ ə bluː ˈflaʊər/
Line 5
What man finds and what another leaves him he may eat, but he must not go too far or fly too high.
/wʌt mæn faɪndz ənd wʌt əˈnʌðər liːvz hɪm hiː meɪ iːt bʌt hiː mʌst nɑːt ɡoʊ tuː fɑːr ɔːr flaɪ tuː haɪ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bees noun US /biːz/

plural of “bee” — any of numerous hairy-bodied insects including social and solitary species

From this reading “The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.”

butterfly verb US /ˈbʌtərflaɪ/

flutter like a butterfly

From this reading “It is a bit of country like a round table on which human beings live like a butterfly covered by a blue flower.”

crucifixes noun US /ˈkruːsəfɪksɪz/

plural of “crucifix” — representation of the cross on which Jesus died

From this reading “Woods, villages, trees in the fields, crucifixes by the roadside show up clearly and become smaller and smaller as they recede into the distance.”

flows noun US /floʊz/

plural of “flow” — the motion characteristic of fluids (liquids or gases)

From this reading “For the distance of fifteen miles the Bialka flows on level ground.”

murmurs noun US /ˈmɜːrmərz/

plural of “murmur” — a low continuous indistinct sound; often accompanied by movement of the lips without the production of articulate speech

From this reading “The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.”

recede verb US /rɪˈsiːd/

pull back or move away or backward

From this reading “Woods, villages, trees in the fields, crucifixes by the roadside show up clearly and become smaller and smaller as they recede into the distance.”

roadside noun US /ˈroʊdsaɪd/

edge of a way or road or path

From this reading “Woods, villages, trees in the fields, crucifixes by the roadside show up clearly and become smaller and smaller as they recede into the distance.”

swarm noun US /swɔːrm/

a moving crowd

From this reading “The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.”

All words in this reading · 83

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Woods, villages, trees in the fields, crucifixes by the roadside show up clearly and become smaller and smaller as they recede into the distance.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading What man finds and what another leaves him he may eat, but he must not go too far or fly too high.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Woods, villages, trees in the fields, crucifixes by the roadside show up clearly and become smaller and smaller as they recede into the distance.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Woods, villages, trees in the fields, crucifixes by the roadside show up clearly and become smaller and smaller as they recede into the distance.

beesnounUS /biːz/

plural of “bee” — any of numerous hairy-bodied insects including social and solitary species

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

beingsnounUS /ˈbiːɪŋz/

plural of “being” — the state or fact of existing

From this reading It is a bit of country like a round table on which human beings live like a butterfly covered by a blue flower.

Bialka

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

biggeradjectiveUS /ˈbɪɡər/

large or big relative to something else

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

bitnounUS /bɪt/

a small piece or quantity of something

From this reading It is a bit of country like a round table on which human beings live like a butterfly covered by a blue flower.

blueadjectiveUS /bluː/

of the color intermediate between green and violet; having a color similar to that of a clear unclouded sky

From this reading It is a bit of country like a round table on which human beings live like a butterfly covered by a blue flower.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading What man finds and what another leaves him he may eat, but he must not go too far or fly too high.

butterflyverbUS /ˈbʌtərflaɪ/

flutter like a butterfly

From this reading It is a bit of country like a round table on which human beings live like a butterfly covered by a blue flower.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Woods, villages, trees in the fields, crucifixes by the roadside show up clearly and become smaller and smaller as they recede into the distance.

clearlyadverbUS /ˈklɪrli/

without doubt or question

From this reading Woods, villages, trees in the fields, crucifixes by the roadside show up clearly and become smaller and smaller as they recede into the distance.

cottagenounUS /ˈkɑːtədʒ/

a small house with a single story

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading It is a bit of country like a round table on which human beings live like a butterfly covered by a blue flower.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading It is a bit of country like a round table on which human beings live like a butterfly covered by a blue flower.

crucifixesnounUS /ˈkruːsəfɪksɪz/

plural of “crucifix” — representation of the cross on which Jesus died

From this reading Woods, villages, trees in the fields, crucifixes by the roadside show up clearly and become smaller and smaller as they recede into the distance.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading For the distance of fifteen miles the Bialka flows on level ground.

eatverbUS /iːt/

take in solid food

From this reading What man finds and what another leaves him he may eat, but he must not go too far or fly too high.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading What man finds and what another leaves him he may eat, but he must not go too far or fly too high.

fieldsnounUS /fiːldz/

United States comedian and film actor (1880-1946)

From this reading Woods, villages, trees in the fields, crucifixes by the roadside show up clearly and become smaller and smaller as they recede into the distance.

fifteennounUS /fɪfˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of fourteen and one

From this reading For the distance of fifteen miles the Bialka flows on level ground.

findsnounUS /faɪndz/

plural of “find” — a productive insight

From this reading What man finds and what another leaves him he may eat, but he must not go too far or fly too high.

flightnounUS /flaɪt/

a formation of aircraft in flight

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

flowernounUS /ˈflaʊər/

a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms

From this reading It is a bit of country like a round table on which human beings live like a butterfly covered by a blue flower.

flowsnounUS /floʊz/

plural of “flow” — the motion characteristic of fluids (liquids or gases)

From this reading For the distance of fifteen miles the Bialka flows on level ground.

flyverbUS /flaɪ/

travel through the air; be airborne

From this reading What man finds and what another leaves him he may eat, but he must not go too far or fly too high.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

gettingnounUS /ˈɡetɪŋ/

the act of acquiring something

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading What man finds and what another leaves him he may eat, but he must not go too far or fly too high.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading For the distance of fifteen miles the Bialka flows on level ground.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading What man finds and what another leaves him he may eat, but he must not go too far or fly too high.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading What man finds and what another leaves him he may eat, but he must not go too far or fly too high.

hillnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading What man finds and what another leaves him he may eat, but he must not go too far or fly too high.

hollowadjectiveUS /ˈhɑːloʊ/

not solid; having a space or gap or cavity

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading It is a bit of country like a round table on which human beings live like a butterfly covered by a blue flower.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Woods, villages, trees in the fields, crucifixes by the roadside show up clearly and become smaller and smaller as they recede into the distance.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is a bit of country like a round table on which human beings live like a butterfly covered by a blue flower.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is a bit of country like a round table on which human beings live like a butterfly covered by a blue flower.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

leavesnounUS /liːvz/

plural of “leaf” — the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading What man finds and what another leaves him he may eat, but he must not go too far or fly too high.

levelnounUS /ˈlevəl/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading For the distance of fifteen miles the Bialka flows on level ground.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

liveverbUS /laɪv/

be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading It is a bit of country like a round table on which human beings live like a butterfly covered by a blue flower.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading What man finds and what another leaves him he may eat, but he must not go too far or fly too high.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading What man finds and what another leaves him he may eat, but he must not go too far or fly too high.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading For the distance of fifteen miles the Bialka flows on level ground.

murmursnounUS /ˈmɜːrmərz/

plural of “murmur” — a low continuous indistinct sound; often accompanied by movement of the lips without the production of articulate speech

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading What man finds and what another leaves him he may eat, but he must not go too far or fly too high.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading What man finds and what another leaves him he may eat, but he must not go too far or fly too high.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading For the distance of fifteen miles the Bialka flows on level ground.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading What man finds and what another leaves him he may eat, but he must not go too far or fly too high.

readyadjectiveUS /ˈredi/

completely prepared or in condition for immediate action or use or progress

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

recedeverbUS /rɪˈsiːd/

pull back or move away or backward

From this reading Woods, villages, trees in the fields, crucifixes by the roadside show up clearly and become smaller and smaller as they recede into the distance.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

roadsidenounUS /ˈroʊdsaɪd/

edge of a way or road or path

From this reading Woods, villages, trees in the fields, crucifixes by the roadside show up clearly and become smaller and smaller as they recede into the distance.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading It is a bit of country like a round table on which human beings live like a butterfly covered by a blue flower.

showverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Woods, villages, trees in the fields, crucifixes by the roadside show up clearly and become smaller and smaller as they recede into the distance.

smalleradjectiveUS /ˈsmɔːlər/

small or little relative to something else

From this reading Woods, villages, trees in the fields, crucifixes by the roadside show up clearly and become smaller and smaller as they recede into the distance.

springsnounUS /sprɪŋz/

plural of “spring” — the season of growth

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

swarmnounUS /swɔːrm/

a moving crowd

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

tablenounUS /ˈteɪbəl/

a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading It is a bit of country like a round table on which human beings live like a butterfly covered by a blue flower.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Woods, villages, trees in the fields, crucifixes by the roadside show up clearly and become smaller and smaller as they recede into the distance.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading What man finds and what another leaves him he may eat, but he must not go too far or fly too high.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading Woods, villages, trees in the fields, crucifixes by the roadside show up clearly and become smaller and smaller as they recede into the distance.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Woods, villages, trees in the fields, crucifixes by the roadside show up clearly and become smaller and smaller as they recede into the distance.

villagesnounUS /ˈvɪlədʒəz/

plural of “village” — a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading Woods, villages, trees in the fields, crucifixes by the roadside show up clearly and become smaller and smaller as they recede into the distance.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading The river Bialka springs from under a hill no bigger than a cottage; the water murmurs in its little hollow like a swarm of bees getting ready for their flight.

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading What man finds and what another leaves him he may eat, but he must not go too far or fly too high.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It is a bit of country like a round table on which human beings live like a butterfly covered by a blue flower.

WoodsnounUS /wʊdz/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading Woods, villages, trees in the fields, crucifixes by the roadside show up clearly and become smaller and smaller as they recede into the distance.

Chapter 1 of Selected Polish Tales by Else C. M. (Else Cecilia Mendelssohn) [Translator] Benecke holds 106 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Selected Polish Tales contain?

Chapter 1 holds 106 sentences of Selected Polish Tales, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Selected Polish Tales by Else C. M. (Else Cecilia Mendelssohn) [Translator] Benecke exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 106 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Selected Polish Tales?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Selected Polish Tales

Common questions about reading Selected Polish Tales by Else C. M. (Else Cecilia Mendelssohn) [Translator] Benecke on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Selected Polish Tales?

Yes. All 6123 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8378 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Selected Polish Tales is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #8378, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Selected Polish Tales take to read?

About 510 minutes of reading across 1225 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Selected Polish Tales section by section

How to work through Selected Polish Tales section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 11 chapters of Selected Polish Tales to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Selected Polish Tales

Words and structures a reader meets early in Selected Polish Tales, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

River
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Selected Polish Tales; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bialka
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Selected Polish Tales; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Springs
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Selected Polish Tales; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Under
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Selected Polish Tales; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.