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Seventeen Years in the Underworld
Seventeen Years in the Underworld

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Seventeen Years in the Underworld is here in full — 29 sentences across 6 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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MORALS IN THE UNDERWORLD I left the prison with my moral sense warped and twisted.
I do not mean to say that I had lost the faculty of differentiating between right and wrong entirely.
No, not that, but association with debased natures and the influence of vicious environment had combined to break down my sense of moral values.
Things which I had been taught to abhor as contaminating to health and morals I found myself looking at with complacent eyes.
Some few persons have asked me whether before the commission of a crime the man does not think of the right or wrong of it.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Seventeen Years in the Underworld

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Seventeen Years in the Underworld is here in full — 29 sentences across 6 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/5 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MORALS IN THE UNDERWORLD I left the prison with my moral sense warped and twisted.
/ˈmɔːrəlz ɪn ðə ˈʌndərwɜːrld aɪ left ðə ˈprɪzən wɪð maɪ ˈmɔːrəl sens wɔːrpt ənd ˈtwɪstɪd/
Line 2
I do not mean to say that I had lost the faculty of differentiating between right and wrong entirely.
/aɪ duː nɑːt miːn tuː seɪ ðæt aɪ hæd lɔːst ðə ˈfækəlti ʌv ˌdɪfərˈenʃieɪtɪŋ bɪˈtwiːn raɪt ənd rɔːŋ ɪnˈtaɪərli/
Line 3
No, not that, but association with debased natures and the influence of vicious environment had combined to break down my sense of moral values.
/noʊ nɑːt ðæt bʌt əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃən wɪð dəˈbeɪst ˈneɪtʃərz ənd ðə ˈɪnfluːəns ʌv ˈvɪʃəs ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt hæd kəmˈbaɪnd tuː breɪk daʊn maɪ sens ʌv ˈmɔːrəl ˈvæljuːz/
Line 4
Things which I had been taught to abhor as contaminating to health and morals I found myself looking at with complacent eyes.
/θɪŋz wɪtʃ aɪ hæd bɪn tɔːt tuː æbˈhɔːr æz kənˈtæməneɪtɪŋ tuː helθ ənd ˈmɔːrəlz aɪ faʊnd ˌmaɪˈself ˈlʊkɪŋ æt wɪð kəmˈpleɪsənt aɪz/
Line 5
Some few persons have asked me whether before the commission of a crime the man does not think of the right or wrong of it.
/sʌm fjuː ˈpɜːrsənz hæv æskt miː ˈweðər bɪˈfɔːr ðə kəˈmɪʃən ʌv ə kraɪm ðə mæn dʌz nɑːt θɪŋk ʌv ðə raɪt ɔːr rɔːŋ ʌv ɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

abhor verb US /æbˈhɔːr/

find repugnant

From this reading “Things which I had been taught to abhor as contaminating to health and morals I found myself looking at with complacent eyes.”

complacent adjective US /kəmˈpleɪsənt/

contented to a fault with oneself or one's actions

From this reading “Things which I had been taught to abhor as contaminating to health and morals I found myself looking at with complacent eyes.”

contaminating adjective US /kənˈtæməneɪtɪŋ/

spreading pollution or contamination; especially radioactive contamination

From this reading “Things which I had been taught to abhor as contaminating to health and morals I found myself looking at with complacent eyes.”

debased adjective US /dəˈbeɪst/

mixed with impurities

From this reading “No, not that, but association with debased natures and the influence of vicious environment had combined to break down my sense of moral values.”

differentiating verb US /ˌdɪfərˈenʃieɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “differentiate” — mark as different

From this reading “I do not mean to say that I had lost the faculty of differentiating between right and wrong entirely.”

underworld noun US /ˈʌndərwɜːrld/

the criminal class

From this reading “MORALS IN THE UNDERWORLD I left the prison with my moral sense warped and twisted.”

values noun US /ˈvæljuːz/

beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something)

From this reading “No, not that, but association with debased natures and the influence of vicious environment had combined to break down my sense of moral values.”

warped adjective US /wɔːrpt/

used especially of timbers or boards; bent out of shape usually by moisture

From this reading “MORALS IN THE UNDERWORLD I left the prison with my moral sense warped and twisted.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

moral sense adjective + noun

motivation deriving logically from ethical or moral principles that govern a person's thoughts and actions

In this reading “MORALS IN THE UNDERWORLD I left the prison with my moral sense warped and twisted.”

break down verb + adjective

make ineffective

In this reading “No, not that, but association with debased natures and the influence of vicious environment had combined to break down my sense of moral values.”

think of verb + particle

keep in mind for attention or consideration

In this reading “Some few persons have asked me whether before the commission of a crime the man does not think of the right or wrong of it.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Some few persons have asked me whether before the commission of a crime the man does not think of the right or wrong of it.

abhorverbUS /æbˈhɔːr/

find repugnant

From this reading Things which I had been taught to abhor as contaminating to health and morals I found myself looking at with complacent eyes.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading MORALS IN THE UNDERWORLD I left the prison with my moral sense warped and twisted.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Things which I had been taught to abhor as contaminating to health and morals I found myself looking at with complacent eyes.

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading Some few persons have asked me whether before the commission of a crime the man does not think of the right or wrong of it.

associationnounUS /əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃən/

a formal organization of people or groups of people

From this reading No, not that, but association with debased natures and the influence of vicious environment had combined to break down my sense of moral values.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Things which I had been taught to abhor as contaminating to health and morals I found myself looking at with complacent eyes.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Things which I had been taught to abhor as contaminating to health and morals I found myself looking at with complacent eyes.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Some few persons have asked me whether before the commission of a crime the man does not think of the right or wrong of it.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading I do not mean to say that I had lost the faculty of differentiating between right and wrong entirely.

breakverbUS /breɪk/

terminate

From this reading No, not that, but association with debased natures and the influence of vicious environment had combined to break down my sense of moral values.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading No, not that, but association with debased natures and the influence of vicious environment had combined to break down my sense of moral values.

combinedadjectiveUS /kəmˈbaɪnd/

made or joined or united into one

From this reading No, not that, but association with debased natures and the influence of vicious environment had combined to break down my sense of moral values.

commissionnounUS /kəˈmɪʃən/

a special group delegated to consider some matter

From this reading Some few persons have asked me whether before the commission of a crime the man does not think of the right or wrong of it.

complacentadjectiveUS /kəmˈpleɪsənt/

contented to a fault with oneself or one's actions

From this reading Things which I had been taught to abhor as contaminating to health and morals I found myself looking at with complacent eyes.

contaminatingadjectiveUS /kənˈtæməneɪtɪŋ/

spreading pollution or contamination; especially radioactive contamination

From this reading Things which I had been taught to abhor as contaminating to health and morals I found myself looking at with complacent eyes.

crimenounUS /kraɪm/

(criminal law) an act punishable by law; usually considered an evil act

From this reading Some few persons have asked me whether before the commission of a crime the man does not think of the right or wrong of it.

debasedadjectiveUS /dəˈbeɪst/

mixed with impurities

From this reading No, not that, but association with debased natures and the influence of vicious environment had combined to break down my sense of moral values.

differentiatingverbUS /ˌdɪfərˈenʃieɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “differentiate” — mark as different

From this reading I do not mean to say that I had lost the faculty of differentiating between right and wrong entirely.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading I do not mean to say that I had lost the faculty of differentiating between right and wrong entirely.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Some few persons have asked me whether before the commission of a crime the man does not think of the right or wrong of it.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading No, not that, but association with debased natures and the influence of vicious environment had combined to break down my sense of moral values.

entirelyadverbUS /ɪnˈtaɪərli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading I do not mean to say that I had lost the faculty of differentiating between right and wrong entirely.

environmentnounUS /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/

the totality of surrounding conditions

From this reading No, not that, but association with debased natures and the influence of vicious environment had combined to break down my sense of moral values.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Things which I had been taught to abhor as contaminating to health and morals I found myself looking at with complacent eyes.

facultynounUS /ˈfækəlti/

one of the inherent cognitive or perceptual powers of the mind

From this reading I do not mean to say that I had lost the faculty of differentiating between right and wrong entirely.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading Some few persons have asked me whether before the commission of a crime the man does not think of the right or wrong of it.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading Things which I had been taught to abhor as contaminating to health and morals I found myself looking at with complacent eyes.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I do not mean to say that I had lost the faculty of differentiating between right and wrong entirely.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Some few persons have asked me whether before the commission of a crime the man does not think of the right or wrong of it.

healthnounUS /helθ/

a healthy state of wellbeing free from disease

From this reading Things which I had been taught to abhor as contaminating to health and morals I found myself looking at with complacent eyes.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading MORALS IN THE UNDERWORLD I left the prison with my moral sense warped and twisted.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading MORALS IN THE UNDERWORLD I left the prison with my moral sense warped and twisted.

influencenounUS /ˈɪnfluːəns/

a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading No, not that, but association with debased natures and the influence of vicious environment had combined to break down my sense of moral values.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Some few persons have asked me whether before the commission of a crime the man does not think of the right or wrong of it.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading MORALS IN THE UNDERWORLD I left the prison with my moral sense warped and twisted.

lookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading Things which I had been taught to abhor as contaminating to health and morals I found myself looking at with complacent eyes.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading I do not mean to say that I had lost the faculty of differentiating between right and wrong entirely.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Some few persons have asked me whether before the commission of a crime the man does not think of the right or wrong of it.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Some few persons have asked me whether before the commission of a crime the man does not think of the right or wrong of it.

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading I do not mean to say that I had lost the faculty of differentiating between right and wrong entirely.

moraladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrəl/

concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles

From this reading MORALS IN THE UNDERWORLD I left the prison with my moral sense warped and twisted.

MORALSnounUS /ˈmɔːrəlz/

motivation based on ideas of right and wrong

From this reading MORALS IN THE UNDERWORLD I left the prison with my moral sense warped and twisted.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading MORALS IN THE UNDERWORLD I left the prison with my moral sense warped and twisted.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading Things which I had been taught to abhor as contaminating to health and morals I found myself looking at with complacent eyes.

naturesnounUS /ˈneɪtʃərz/

plural of “nature” — the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading No, not that, but association with debased natures and the influence of vicious environment had combined to break down my sense of moral values.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading No, not that, but association with debased natures and the influence of vicious environment had combined to break down my sense of moral values.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I do not mean to say that I had lost the faculty of differentiating between right and wrong entirely.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I do not mean to say that I had lost the faculty of differentiating between right and wrong entirely.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Some few persons have asked me whether before the commission of a crime the man does not think of the right or wrong of it.

personsnounUS /ˈpɜːrsənz/

plural of “person” — a human being

From this reading Some few persons have asked me whether before the commission of a crime the man does not think of the right or wrong of it.

prisonnounUS /ˈprɪzən/

a correctional institution where persons are confined while on trial or for punishment

From this reading MORALS IN THE UNDERWORLD I left the prison with my moral sense warped and twisted.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading I do not mean to say that I had lost the faculty of differentiating between right and wrong entirely.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading I do not mean to say that I had lost the faculty of differentiating between right and wrong entirely.

sensenounUS /sens/

a general conscious awareness

From this reading MORALS IN THE UNDERWORLD I left the prison with my moral sense warped and twisted.

SomeadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Some few persons have asked me whether before the commission of a crime the man does not think of the right or wrong of it.

taughtverbUS /tɔːt/

inflected form of “teach” — impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading Things which I had been taught to abhor as contaminating to health and morals I found myself looking at with complacent eyes.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I do not mean to say that I had lost the faculty of differentiating between right and wrong entirely.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading MORALS IN THE UNDERWORLD I left the prison with my moral sense warped and twisted.

ThingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading Things which I had been taught to abhor as contaminating to health and morals I found myself looking at with complacent eyes.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading Some few persons have asked me whether before the commission of a crime the man does not think of the right or wrong of it.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I do not mean to say that I had lost the faculty of differentiating between right and wrong entirely.

twistedadjectiveUS /ˈtwɪstɪd/

having an intended meaning altered or misrepresented

From this reading MORALS IN THE UNDERWORLD I left the prison with my moral sense warped and twisted.

UNDERWORLDnounUS /ˈʌndərwɜːrld/

the criminal class

From this reading MORALS IN THE UNDERWORLD I left the prison with my moral sense warped and twisted.

valuesnounUS /ˈvæljuːz/

beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something)

From this reading No, not that, but association with debased natures and the influence of vicious environment had combined to break down my sense of moral values.

viciousadjectiveUS /ˈvɪʃəs/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading No, not that, but association with debased natures and the influence of vicious environment had combined to break down my sense of moral values.

warpedadjectiveUS /wɔːrpt/

used especially of timbers or boards; bent out of shape usually by moisture

From this reading MORALS IN THE UNDERWORLD I left the prison with my moral sense warped and twisted.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading Some few persons have asked me whether before the commission of a crime the man does not think of the right or wrong of it.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Things which I had been taught to abhor as contaminating to health and morals I found myself looking at with complacent eyes.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading MORALS IN THE UNDERWORLD I left the prison with my moral sense warped and twisted.

wrongadjectiveUS /rɔːŋ/

not correct; not in conformity with fact or truth

From this reading I do not mean to say that I had lost the faculty of differentiating between right and wrong entirely.

Chapter 13 of Seventeen Years in the Underworld by Wellington Scott holds 29 sentences, grouped into 6 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of Seventeen Years in the Underworld contain?

Chapter 13 holds 29 sentences of Seventeen Years in the Underworld, unabridged, divided into 6 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of Seventeen Years in the Underworld by Wellington Scott exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 29 sentences, grouped into 6 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of Seventeen Years in the Underworld?

Work through the 6 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 6 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Seventeen Years in the Underworld

Common questions about reading Seventeen Years in the Underworld by Wellington Scott on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Seventeen Years in the Underworld?

Yes. All 1101 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #56443 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Seventeen Years in the Underworld is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #56443, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Seventeen Years in the Underworld take to read?

About 91 minutes of reading across 221 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Seventeen Years in the Underworld section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in Seventeen Years in the Underworld

Words and structures a reader meets early in Seventeen Years in the Underworld, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Sitting
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Seventeen Years in the Underworld; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Large
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Seventeen Years in the Underworld; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Eastern
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Seventeen Years in the Underworld; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Beautiful
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Seventeen Years in the Underworld; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.