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Seventy Years on the Frontier
Seventy Years on the Frontier

Chapter XVII

Chapter 17 of Seventy Years on the Frontier is here in full — 97 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/19 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"THE JAYHAWKERS OF 1849."
In this year a number of gentlemen made up a party and started for the far West.
During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."
General Fremont, with all the patronage of the Government at his command, tried to cross this desert at several points, but failed in every attempt.
This desert is bounded by the Rocky Mountains and Wasatch range on the east and the Sierra Nevada on the west.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Seventy Years on the Frontier

Chapter XVII

Chapter 17 of Seventy Years on the Frontier is here in full — 97 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/19 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"THE JAYHAWKERS OF 1849."
Line 2
In this year a number of gentlemen made up a party and started for the far West.
/ɪn ðɪs jɪr ə ˈnʌmbər ʌv ˈdʒentəlmɪn meɪd ʌp ə ˈpɑːrti ənd ˈstɑːrtɪd fɔːr ðə fɑːr west/
Line 3
During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."
/ˈdʊrɪŋ ðæt ˈfɪrfəl ˈdʒɜːrni ðeɪ wɜːr lɔːst fɔːr θriː mʌnθs ɪn ðə ɡreɪt əˈmerəkən ˈdezərt ðə ˈriːdʒən mɑːrkt ɑːn ðə mæp æz ðə ˌʌnɪkˈsplɔːrd ˈriːdʒən/
Line 4
General Fremont, with all the patronage of the Government at his command, tried to cross this desert at several points, but failed in every attempt.
/ˈdʒenərəl ˈfriːmɑːnt wɪð ɔːl ðə ˈpætrənɪdʒ ʌv ðə ˈɡʌvərmənt æt hɪz kəˈmænd traɪd tuː krɔːs ðɪs ˈdezərt æt ˈsevrəl pɔɪnts bʌt feɪld ɪn ˈevəri əˈtempt/
Line 5
This desert is bounded by the Rocky Mountains and Wasatch range on the east and the Sierra Nevada on the west.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bounded adjective US /ˈbaʊndəd/

having the limits or boundaries established

From this reading “This desert is bounded by the Rocky Mountains and Wasatch range on the east and the Sierra Nevada on the west.”

Fremont noun US /ˈfriːmɑːnt/

United States explorer who mapped much of the American west and Northwest (1813-1890)

From this reading “General Fremont, with all the patronage of the Government at his command, tried to cross this desert at several points, but failed in every attempt.”

map verb US /mæp/

make a map of; show or establish the features of details of

From this reading “During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."”

Nevada noun US /nəˈvɑːdə/

a state in the western United States

From this reading “This desert is bounded by the Rocky Mountains and Wasatch range on the east and the Sierra Nevada on the west.”

patronage noun US /ˈpætrənɪdʒ/

the act of providing approval and support

From this reading “General Fremont, with all the patronage of the Government at his command, tried to cross this desert at several points, but failed in every attempt.”

Rocky adjective US /ˈrɑːki/

abounding in rocks or stones

From this reading “This desert is bounded by the Rocky Mountains and Wasatch range on the east and the Sierra Nevada on the west.”

Sierra noun US /siˈerə/

a range of mountains (usually with jagged peaks and irregular outline)

From this reading “This desert is bounded by the Rocky Mountains and Wasatch range on the east and the Sierra Nevada on the west.”

unexplored adjective US /ˌʌnɪkˈsplɔːrd/

not yet discovered

From this reading “During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

three months noun + noun counted as “three month”

In this reading “During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."”

on the east preposition + article + noun counted as “on … east”

In this reading “This desert is bounded by the Rocky Mountains and Wasatch range on the east and the Sierra Nevada on the west.”

started for verb + particle counted as “start for”

In this reading “In this year a number of gentlemen made up a party and started for the far West.”

on the west preposition + article + noun counted as “on … west”

In this reading “This desert is bounded by the Rocky Mountains and Wasatch range on the east and the Sierra Nevada on the west.”

for three preposition + noun

In this reading “During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."”

All words in this reading · 64

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1849

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "THE JAYHAWKERS OF 1849."

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In this year a number of gentlemen made up a party and started for the far West.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading General Fremont, with all the patronage of the Government at his command, tried to cross this desert at several points, but failed in every attempt.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In this year a number of gentlemen made up a party and started for the far West.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading General Fremont, with all the patronage of the Government at his command, tried to cross this desert at several points, but failed in every attempt.

attemptnounUS /əˈtempt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading General Fremont, with all the patronage of the Government at his command, tried to cross this desert at several points, but failed in every attempt.

boundedadjectiveUS /ˈbaʊndəd/

having the limits or boundaries established

From this reading This desert is bounded by the Rocky Mountains and Wasatch range on the east and the Sierra Nevada on the west.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading General Fremont, with all the patronage of the Government at his command, tried to cross this desert at several points, but failed in every attempt.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading This desert is bounded by the Rocky Mountains and Wasatch range on the east and the Sierra Nevada on the west.

commandnounUS /kəˈmænd/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading General Fremont, with all the patronage of the Government at his command, tried to cross this desert at several points, but failed in every attempt.

crossverbUS /krɔːs/

travel across or pass over

From this reading General Fremont, with all the patronage of the Government at his command, tried to cross this desert at several points, but failed in every attempt.

DesertverbUS /ˈdezərt/

leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch

From this reading During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."

DuringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."

eastnounUS /iːst/

the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees

From this reading This desert is bounded by the Rocky Mountains and Wasatch range on the east and the Sierra Nevada on the west.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading General Fremont, with all the patronage of the Government at his command, tried to cross this desert at several points, but failed in every attempt.

failedverbUS /feɪld/

past form of “fail” — fail to do something; leave something undone

From this reading General Fremont, with all the patronage of the Government at his command, tried to cross this desert at several points, but failed in every attempt.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading In this year a number of gentlemen made up a party and started for the far West.

fearfuladjectiveUS /ˈfɪrfəl/

experiencing or showing fear

From this reading During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In this year a number of gentlemen made up a party and started for the far West.

FremontnounUS /ˈfriːmɑːnt/

United States explorer who mapped much of the American west and Northwest (1813-1890)

From this reading General Fremont, with all the patronage of the Government at his command, tried to cross this desert at several points, but failed in every attempt.

GeneraladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading General Fremont, with all the patronage of the Government at his command, tried to cross this desert at several points, but failed in every attempt.

gentlemennounUS /ˈdʒentəlmɪn/

plural of “gentleman” — a man of refinement

From this reading In this year a number of gentlemen made up a party and started for the far West.

GovernmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading General Fremont, with all the patronage of the Government at his command, tried to cross this desert at several points, but failed in every attempt.

GreatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading General Fremont, with all the patronage of the Government at his command, tried to cross this desert at several points, but failed in every attempt.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In this year a number of gentlemen made up a party and started for the far West.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This desert is bounded by the Rocky Mountains and Wasatch range on the east and the Sierra Nevada on the west.

JAYHAWKERS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "THE JAYHAWKERS OF 1849."

journeyverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading In this year a number of gentlemen made up a party and started for the far West.

mapverbUS /mæp/

make a map of; show or establish the features of details of

From this reading During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."

markedadjectiveUS /mɑːrkt/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."

MountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading This desert is bounded by the Rocky Mountains and Wasatch range on the east and the Sierra Nevada on the west.

NevadanounUS /nəˈvɑːdə/

a state in the western United States

From this reading This desert is bounded by the Rocky Mountains and Wasatch range on the east and the Sierra Nevada on the west.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading In this year a number of gentlemen made up a party and started for the far West.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "THE JAYHAWKERS OF 1849."

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."

partynounUS /ˈpɑːrti/

an organization to gain political power

From this reading In this year a number of gentlemen made up a party and started for the far West.

patronagenounUS /ˈpætrənɪdʒ/

the act of providing approval and support

From this reading General Fremont, with all the patronage of the Government at his command, tried to cross this desert at several points, but failed in every attempt.

pointsnounUS /pɔɪnts/

plural of “point” — a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading General Fremont, with all the patronage of the Government at his command, tried to cross this desert at several points, but failed in every attempt.

rangenounUS /reɪndʒ/

an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: "the range of a supersonic jet"

From this reading This desert is bounded by the Rocky Mountains and Wasatch range on the east and the Sierra Nevada on the west.

regionnounUS /ˈriːdʒən/

the extended spatial location of something

From this reading During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."

RockyadjectiveUS /ˈrɑːki/

abounding in rocks or stones

From this reading This desert is bounded by the Rocky Mountains and Wasatch range on the east and the Sierra Nevada on the west.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading General Fremont, with all the patronage of the Government at his command, tried to cross this desert at several points, but failed in every attempt.

SierranounUS /siˈerə/

a range of mountains (usually with jagged peaks and irregular outline)

From this reading This desert is bounded by the Rocky Mountains and Wasatch range on the east and the Sierra Nevada on the west.

startedverbUS /ˈstɑːrtɪd/

past form of “start” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading In this year a number of gentlemen made up a party and started for the far West.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "THE JAYHAWKERS OF 1849."

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading In this year a number of gentlemen made up a party and started for the far West.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading General Fremont, with all the patronage of the Government at his command, tried to cross this desert at several points, but failed in every attempt.

triedadjectiveUS /traɪd/

tested and proved useful or correct

From this reading General Fremont, with all the patronage of the Government at his command, tried to cross this desert at several points, but failed in every attempt.

unexploredadjectiveUS /ˌʌnɪkˈsplɔːrd/

not yet discovered

From this reading During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading In this year a number of gentlemen made up a party and started for the far West.

Wasatch

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This desert is bounded by the Rocky Mountains and Wasatch range on the east and the Sierra Nevada on the west.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading During that fearful journey they were lost for three months in the "Great American Desert," the region marked on the map as the "unexplored region."

WestnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading In this year a number of gentlemen made up a party and started for the far West.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading General Fremont, with all the patronage of the Government at his command, tried to cross this desert at several points, but failed in every attempt.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading In this year a number of gentlemen made up a party and started for the far West.

Chapter 17 of Seventy Years on the Frontier by Alexander Majors holds 97 sentences, grouped into 20 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of Seventy Years on the Frontier contain?

Chapter 17 holds 97 sentences of Seventy Years on the Frontier, unabridged, divided into 20 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of Seventy Years on the Frontier by Alexander Majors exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 97 sentences, grouped into 20 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of Seventy Years on the Frontier?

Work through the 20 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 20 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Seventy Years on the Frontier

Common questions about reading Seventy Years on the Frontier by Alexander Majors on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Seventy Years on the Frontier?

Yes. All 3337 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #42195 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Seventy Years on the Frontier is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #42195, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Seventy Years on the Frontier take to read?

About 278 minutes of reading across 668 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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  1. Open a chapter

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Vocabulary met early in Seventy Years on the Frontier

Words and structures a reader meets early in Seventy Years on the Frontier, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Reminiscences
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Seventy Years on the Frontier; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Youth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Seventy Years on the Frontier; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Father
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Seventy Years on the Frontier; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Benjamin
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Seventy Years on the Frontier; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.