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Seventy Years on the Frontier
Seventy Years on the Frontier

Chapter XXXVI

Chapter 36 of Seventy Years on the Frontier is here in full — 40 sentences across 8 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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CALIFORNIA'S GREAT TREES.
Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.
The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.
Though usually spoken of as the redwoods, these big trees are of two varieties.
The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Seventy Years on the Frontier

Chapter XXXVI

Chapter 36 of Seventy Years on the Frontier is here in full — 40 sentences across 8 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/8 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
CALIFORNIA'S GREAT TREES.
/ˌkælɪˈfɔːrnjəz ɡreɪt triːz/
Line 2
Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.
/nɑːt ˈoʊnli ɪz ˌkæləˈfɔːrnjə ðə lænd ʌv ɡoʊld ðə ˈɡɑːrdən ʌv fruːt ənd ðə hoʊm ʌv ðə vaɪn bʌt ɪts rɪtʃ sɔɪl ɪz ðə ˈfʊtɪŋ fɔːr ðə ˈɡreɪtəst triːz ɪn ðə wɜːrld/
Line 3
The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.
Line 4
Though usually spoken of as the redwoods, these big trees are of two varieties.
/ðoʊ ˈjuːʒəwəli ˈspoʊkən ʌv æz ðə ˈredwʊdz ðiːz bɪɡ triːz ɑːr ʌv tuː vərˈaɪətiz/
Line 5
The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

botanist noun US /ˈbɑːtənɪst/

a biologist specializing in the study of plants

From this reading “The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.”

california's noun US /ˌkælɪˈfɔːrnjəz/

possessive form of “california” — a state in the western United States on the Pacific; the 3rd largest state; known for earthquakes

From this reading “CALIFORNIA'S GREAT TREES.”

crests noun US /krests/

plural of “crest” — the top line of a hill, mountain, or wave

From this reading “The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.”

grandest adjective US /ˈɡrændəst/

superlative of “grand” — of behavior that is impressive and ambitious in scale or scope

From this reading “The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.”

redwood noun US /ˈredwʊd/

the soft reddish wood of either of two species of sequoia trees

From this reading “The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.”

redwoods noun US /ˈredwʊdz/

plural of “redwood” — the soft reddish wood of either of two species of sequoia trees

From this reading “The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.”

Sequoia noun US /sɪˈkwɔɪə/

either of two huge coniferous California trees that reach a height of 300 feet; sometimes placed in the Taxodiaceae

Wellington noun US /ˈwelɪŋtən/

British general and statesman; he defeated Napoleon at Waterloo; subsequently served as Prime Minister (1769-1852)

From this reading “The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

rich soil adjective + noun

In this reading “Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.”

big trees adjective + noun counted as “big tree”

extremely lofty evergreen of southern end of western foothills of Sierra Nevada in California; largest living organism

In this reading “Though usually spoken of as the redwoods, these big trees are of two varieties.”

in the world preposition + article + noun counted as “in … world”

In this reading “Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.”

GREAT TREES adjective + noun counted as “great tree”

In this reading “CALIFORNIA'S GREAT TREES.”

all three adjective + noun

In this reading “The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Though usually spoken of as the redwoods, these big trees are of two varieties.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.

bigadjectiveUS /bɪɡ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Though usually spoken of as the redwoods, these big trees are of two varieties.

botanistnounUS /ˈbɑːtənɪst/

a biologist specializing in the study of plants

From this reading The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.

breezenounUS /briːz/

a slight wind (usually refreshing)

From this reading The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.

CalifornianounUS /ˌkæləˈfɔːrnjə/

a state in the western United States on the Pacific; the 3rd largest state; known for earthquakes

From this reading Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.

CALIFORNIA'SnounUS /ˌkælɪˈfɔːrnjəz/

possessive form of “california” — a state in the western United States on the Pacific; the 3rd largest state; known for earthquakes

From this reading CALIFORNIA'S GREAT TREES.

correctverbUS /kərˈekt/

make right or correct

From this reading The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.

crestsnounUS /krests/

plural of “crest” — the top line of a hill, mountain, or wave

From this reading The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.

defiedverbUS /dɪˈfaɪd/

inflected form of “defy” — resist or confront with resistance

From this reading The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.

deservedadjectiveUS /dɪˈzɜːrvd/

properly deserved

From this reading The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.

famenounUS /feɪm/

the state or quality of being widely honored and acclaimed

From this reading The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.

footingnounUS /ˈfʊtɪŋ/

status with respect to the relations between people or groups

From this reading Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.

fruitnounUS /fruːt/

the ripened reproductive body of a seed plant

From this reading Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.

gardennounUS /ˈɡɑːrdən/

a plot of ground where plants are cultivated

From this reading Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.

gigantea

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.

goldnounUS /ɡoʊld/

coins made of gold

From this reading Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.

grandestadjectiveUS /ˈɡrændəst/

superlative of “grand” — of behavior that is impressive and ambitious in scale or scope

From this reading The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.

GREATadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading CALIFORNIA'S GREAT TREES.

greatestadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtəst/

highest in quality

From this reading Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.

heavennounUS /ˈhevən/

any place of complete bliss and delight and peace

From this reading The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.

loftiest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.

namesnounUS /neɪmz/

verbal abuse; a crude substitute for argument

From this reading The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.

NotadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.

properadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.

raisedadjectiveUS /reɪzd/

located or moved above the surround or above the normal position

From this reading The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.

redwoodnounUS /ˈredwʊd/

the soft reddish wood of either of two species of sequoia trees

From this reading The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.

redwoodsnounUS /ˈredwʊdz/

plural of “redwood” — the soft reddish wood of either of two species of sequoia trees

From this reading The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.

richadjectiveUS /rɪtʃ/

possessing material wealth

From this reading Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.

sempervirens

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.

SequoianounUS /sɪˈkwɔɪə/

either of two huge coniferous California trees that reach a height of 300 feet; sometimes placed in the Taxodiaceae

From this reading The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.

sisternounUS /ˈsɪstər/

a female person who has the same parents as another person

From this reading The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.

soilnounUS /sɔɪl/

the state of being covered with unclean things

From this reading Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.

spokenadjectiveUS /ˈspoʊkən/

uttered through the medium of speech or characterized by speech; sometimes used in combination

From this reading Though usually spoken of as the redwoods, these big trees are of two varieties.

stormverbUS /stɔːrm/

behave violently, as if in state of a great anger

From this reading The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.

swayedverbUS /sweɪd/

past form of “sway” — move back and forth or sideways

From this reading The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Though usually spoken of as the redwoods, these big trees are of two varieties.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.

ThoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Though usually spoken of as the redwoods, these big trees are of two varieties.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The redwoods of California are known all over the earth, and their fame is deserved, for they are the loftiest, the grandest trees that ever raised their crests to heaven, swayed in the breeze, and defied the storm.

treenounUS /triː/

a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.

TREESnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading CALIFORNIA'S GREAT TREES.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Though usually spoken of as the redwoods, these big trees are of two varieties.

usuallyadverbUS /ˈjuːʒəwəli/

under normal conditions

From this reading Though usually spoken of as the redwoods, these big trees are of two varieties.

varietiesnounUS /vərˈaɪətiz/

plural of “variety” — a collection containing a variety of sorts of things

From this reading Though usually spoken of as the redwoods, these big trees are of two varieties.

vinenounUS /vaɪn/

a plant with a weak stem that derives support from climbing, twining, or creeping along a surface

From this reading Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.

WashingtonnounUS /ˈwɑːʃɪŋtən/

the capital of the United States in the District of Columbia and a tourist mecca; George Washington commissioned Charles L'Enfant to lay out the city in 1791

From this reading The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.

WellingtonnounUS /ˈwelɪŋtən/

British general and statesman; he defeated Napoleon at Waterloo; subsequently served as Prime Minister (1769-1852)

From this reading The redwood proper is the _Sequoia sempervirens_ of the botanist, and the sister tree is the great Washington _Sequoia_, Wellington _Sequoia_, or _Sequoia gigantea_, being known by all three names, the last being the most correct.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading Not only is California the land of gold, the garden of fruit, and the home of the vine, but its rich soil is the footing for the greatest trees in the world.

Chapter 36 of Seventy Years on the Frontier by Alexander Majors holds 40 sentences, grouped into 8 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 36 of Seventy Years on the Frontier contain?

Chapter 36 holds 40 sentences of Seventy Years on the Frontier, unabridged, divided into 8 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 36 of Seventy Years on the Frontier by Alexander Majors exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 40 sentences, grouped into 8 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 36 of Seventy Years on the Frontier?

Work through the 8 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 8 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 36 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 36 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Seventy Years on the Frontier

Common questions about reading Seventy Years on the Frontier by Alexander Majors on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Seventy Years on the Frontier?

Yes. All 3337 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #42195 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Seventy Years on the Frontier is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #42195, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Seventy Years on the Frontier take to read?

About 278 minutes of reading across 668 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Seventy Years on the Frontier section by section

How to work through Seventy Years on the Frontier section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of Seventy Years on the Frontier to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Seventy Years on the Frontier

Words and structures a reader meets early in Seventy Years on the Frontier, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Reminiscences
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Seventy Years on the Frontier; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Youth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Seventy Years on the Frontier; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Father
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Seventy Years on the Frontier; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Benjamin
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Seventy Years on the Frontier; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.