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Shackleton in the Antarctic
Shackleton in the Antarctic

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of Shackleton in the Antarctic is here in full — 62 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/12 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
PREPARATIONS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS After the journey to the summit of Erebus we began to prepare for the long winter months that were rapidly approaching.
It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.
There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.
Adams was the meteorologist of the expedition, and he took all the observations from 8 A.M. to 8 P.M.; while the night-watchman was responsible for those taken from 10 P.M. to 6 A.M.
In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Shackleton in the Antarctic

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of Shackleton in the Antarctic is here in full — 62 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/12 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
PREPARATIONS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS After the journey to the summit of Erebus we began to prepare for the long winter months that were rapidly approaching.
Line 2
It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.
/ɪt wɑːz moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt fɔːr ˈɪnstəns ðæt ðə dʒiˈɑːlədʒɪsts ʃʊd ɡet æz fɑːr əˈfiːld æz ˈpɑːsəbəl bɪˈfɔːr ðə ˈwɪntər naɪt kloʊzd əˈpɑːn ʌs soʊ boʊθ ðə prəˈfesər ənd ˈpriːstli wɜːr aʊt ˈɜːrli ənd leɪt kəˈlektɪŋ ˌdʒiːəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl ˈspesəmənz wɪtʃ wʊd niːd tuː biː ɪɡˈzæmənd ˈleɪtər ɑːn/
Line 3
There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.
Line 4
Adams was the meteorologist of the expedition, and he took all the observations from 8 A.M. to 8 P.M.; while the night-watchman was responsible for those taken from 10 P.M. to 6 A.M.
Line 5
In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

biological adjective US /ˌbaɪəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/

pertaining to biology or to life and living things

From this reading “There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.”

geological adjective US /ˌdʒiːəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/

of or relating to or based on geology

From this reading “It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.”

geologists noun US /dʒiˈɑːlədʒɪsts/

plural of “geologist” — a specialist in geology

From this reading “It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.”

lengthening noun US /ˈleŋθənɪŋ/

the act of prolonging something

From this reading “There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.”

meteorological adjective US /ˌmiːtiɔːrəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/

of or pertaining to atmospheric phenomena, especially weather and weather conditions

From this reading “In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.”

meteorologist noun US /ˌmiːtiərˈɑːlədʒɪst/

a specialist who studies processes in the earth's atmosphere that cause weather conditions

From this reading “Adams was the meteorologist of the expedition, and he took all the observations from 8 A.M. to 8 P.M.; while the night-watchman was responsible for those taken from 10 P.M. to 6 A.M.”

Murray's noun US /ˈmɜːriz/

possessive form of “murray” — British classical scholar (born in Australia) who advocated the League of Nations and the United Nations (1866-1957)

From this reading “There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.”

Priestley noun US /ˈpriːstli/

English chemist who isolated many gases and discovered oxygen (independently of Scheele) (1733-1804)

From this reading “It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

winter quarters noun + noun

In this reading “There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.”

most important adverb + adjective

In this reading “It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.”

highest ridge adjective + noun counted as “high ridge”

In this reading “In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.”

for instance preposition + noun

as an example

In this reading “It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.”

WINTER MONTHS noun + noun counted as “winter month”

In this reading “PREPARATIONS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS After the journey to the summit of Erebus we began to prepare for the long winter months that were rapidly approaching.”

greatly needed adverb + adjective

In this reading “There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.”

In addition preposition + noun

In this reading “In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.”

prepare for verb + particle

prepare mentally or emotionally for something unpleasant

In this reading “PREPARATIONS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS After the journey to the summit of Erebus we began to prepare for the long winter months that were rapidly approaching.”

All words in this reading · 126

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

10

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Adams was the meteorologist of the expedition, and he took all the observations from 8 A.M. to 8 P.M.; while the night-watchman was responsible for those taken from 10 P.M. to 6 A.M.

6

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Adams was the meteorologist of the expedition, and he took all the observations from 8 A.M. to 8 P.M.; while the night-watchman was responsible for those taken from 10 P.M. to 6 A.M.

8

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Adams was the meteorologist of the expedition, and he took all the observations from 8 A.M. to 8 P.M.; while the night-watchman was responsible for those taken from 10 P.M. to 6 A.M.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

AdamsnounUS /ˈædəmz/

American Revolutionary leader and patriot; an organizer of the Boston Tea Party and signer of the Declaration of Independence (1722-1803)

From this reading Adams was the meteorologist of the expedition, and he took all the observations from 8 A.M. to 8 P.M.; while the night-watchman was responsible for those taken from 10 P.M. to 6 A.M.

additionnounUS /əˈdɪʃən/

a component that is added to something to improve it

From this reading In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.

afieldadverbUS /əˈfiːld/

far away from home or one's usual surroundings

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading PREPARATIONS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS After the journey to the summit of Erebus we began to prepare for the long winter months that were rapidly approaching.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Adams was the meteorologist of the expedition, and he took all the observations from 8 A.M. to 8 P.M.; while the night-watchman was responsible for those taken from 10 P.M. to 6 A.M.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

aneurometer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.

approachingnounUS /əˈproʊtʃɪŋ/

the event of one object coming closer to another

From this reading PREPARATIONS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS After the journey to the summit of Erebus we began to prepare for the long winter months that were rapidly approaching.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

AuroranounUS /ərˈɔːrə/

the first light of day

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

Australis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

beamsnounUS /biːmz/

plural of “beam” — a signal transmitted along a narrow path; guides airplane pilots in darkness or bad weather

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading PREPARATIONS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS After the journey to the summit of Erebus we began to prepare for the long winter months that were rapidly approaching.

biologicaladjectiveUS /ˌbaɪəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/

pertaining to biology or to life and living things

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

blizzardnounUS /ˈblɪzərd/

a storm with widespread snowfall accompanied by strong winds

From this reading In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.

closedadjectiveUS /kloʊzd/

not open or affording passage or access

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

collectingnounUS /kəˈlektɪŋ/

the act of gathering something together

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

constructionnounUS /kənˈstrʌkʃən/

the act of constructing something

From this reading In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.

curtainsnounUS /ˈkɜːrtənz/

plural of “curtain” — hanging cloth used as a blind (especially for a window)

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

displaysnounUS /dɪˈspleɪz/

plural of “display” — something intended to communicate a particular impression

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

Erebusnoun

(Greek mythology) Greek god of darkness who dwelt in the underworld; son of Chaos; brother of Nox; father of Aether and Day

From this reading PREPARATIONS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS After the journey to the summit of Erebus we began to prepare for the long winter months that were rapidly approaching.

erectionnounUS /ɪˈrekʃən/

an erect penis

From this reading In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.

examinedverbUS /ɪɡˈzæmənd/

past form of “examine” — consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

expeditionnounUS /ˌekspəˈdɪʃən/

a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country

From this reading Adams was the meteorologist of the expedition, and he took all the observations from 8 A.M. to 8 P.M.; while the night-watchman was responsible for those taken from 10 P.M. to 6 A.M.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

fieldnounUS /fiːld/

a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

FORprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading PREPARATIONS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS After the journey to the summit of Erebus we began to prepare for the long winter months that were rapidly approaching.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Adams was the meteorologist of the expedition, and he took all the observations from 8 A.M. to 8 P.M.; while the night-watchman was responsible for those taken from 10 P.M. to 6 A.M.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

geologicaladjectiveUS /ˌdʒiːəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/

of or relating to or based on geology

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

geologistsnounUS /dʒiˈɑːlədʒɪsts/

plural of “geologist” — a specialist in geology

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

greatlyadverbUS /ˈɡreɪtli/

to an extraordinary extent or degree

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

gustsnounUS /ɡʌsts/

plural of “gust” — a strong current of air

From this reading In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Adams was the meteorologist of the expedition, and he took all the observations from 8 A.M. to 8 P.M.; while the night-watchman was responsible for those taken from 10 P.M. to 6 A.M.

heaviestadjectiveUS /ˈheviəst/

superlative of “heavy” — of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.

highestadjectiveUS /ˈhaɪəst/

superlative of “high” — greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.

indicationsnounUS /ˌɪndəˈkeɪʃənz/

plural of “indication” — something that serves to indicate or suggest

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

informationnounUS /ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃən/

a message received and understood

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

instancenounUS /ˈɪnstəns/

an occurrence of something

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

journeyverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading PREPARATIONS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS After the journey to the summit of Erebus we began to prepare for the long winter months that were rapidly approaching.

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

lengtheningnounUS /ˈleŋθənɪŋ/

the act of prolonging something

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading PREPARATIONS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS After the journey to the summit of Erebus we began to prepare for the long winter months that were rapidly approaching.

MnounUS /em/

the basic unit of length adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites (approximately 1.094 yards)

From this reading Adams was the meteorologist of the expedition, and he took all the observations from 8 A.M. to 8 P.M.; while the night-watchman was responsible for those taken from 10 P.M. to 6 A.M.

Mawson

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

meteorologicaladjectiveUS /ˌmiːtiɔːrəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/

of or pertaining to atmospheric phenomena, especially weather and weather conditions

From this reading In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.

meteorologistnounUS /ˌmiːtiərˈɑːlədʒɪst/

a specialist who studies processes in the earth's atmosphere that cause weather conditions

From this reading Adams was the meteorologist of the expedition, and he took all the observations from 8 A.M. to 8 P.M.; while the night-watchman was responsible for those taken from 10 P.M. to 6 A.M.

MONTHSnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading PREPARATIONS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS After the journey to the summit of Erebus we began to prepare for the long winter months that were rapidly approaching.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

Murray'snounUS /ˈmɜːriz/

possessive form of “murray” — British classical scholar (born in Australia) who advocated the League of Nations and the United Nations (1866-1957)

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

mysteriousadjectiveUS /mɪˈstɪriəs/

of an obscure nature

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

neednounUS /niːd/

a condition requiring relief

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

neededadjectiveUS /ˈniːdəd/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

night-watchman

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Adams was the meteorologist of the expedition, and he took all the observations from 8 A.M. to 8 P.M.; while the night-watchman was responsible for those taken from 10 P.M. to 6 A.M.

nightsnounUS /naɪts/

Periods of darkness between sunset and sunrise.

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

observationsnounUS /ˌɑːbzərˈveɪʃənz/

plural of “observation” — the act of making and recording a measurement

From this reading Adams was the meteorologist of the expedition, and he took all the observations from 8 A.M. to 8 P.M.; while the night-watchman was responsible for those taken from 10 P.M. to 6 A.M.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading PREPARATIONS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS After the journey to the summit of Erebus we began to prepare for the long winter months that were rapidly approaching.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.

PnounUS /piː/

a multivalent nonmetallic element of the nitrogen family that occurs commonly in inorganic phosphate rocks and as organic phosphates in all living cells; is highly reactive and occurs in several allotropic forms

From this reading Adams was the meteorologist of the expedition, and he took all the observations from 8 A.M. to 8 P.M.; while the night-watchman was responsible for those taken from 10 P.M. to 6 A.M.

phenomenonnounUS /fəˈnɑːmənɑːn/

any state or process known through the senses rather than by intuition or reasoning

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

PREPARATIONSnounUS /ˌprepərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “preparation” — the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose

From this reading PREPARATIONS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS After the journey to the summit of Erebus we began to prepare for the long winter months that were rapidly approaching.

prepareverbUS /priˈper/

make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc

From this reading PREPARATIONS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS After the journey to the summit of Erebus we began to prepare for the long winter months that were rapidly approaching.

preparedadjectiveUS /priˈperd/

made ready or fit or suitable beforehand

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

PriestleynounUS /ˈpriːstli/

English chemist who isolated many gases and discovered oxygen (independently of Scheele) (1733-1804)

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

ProfessornounUS /prəˈfesər/

someone who is a member of the faculty at a college or university

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

quartersnounUS /ˈkwɔːrtərz/

housing available for people to live in

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

rapidlyadverbUS /ˈræpədli/

with speed

From this reading PREPARATIONS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS After the journey to the summit of Erebus we began to prepare for the long winter months that were rapidly approaching.

recordnounUS /rəˈkɔːrd/

anything (such as a document or a phonograph record or a photograph) providing permanent evidence of or information about past events

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

registerverbUS /ˈredʒɪstər/

record in writing; enter into a book of names or events or transactions

From this reading In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.

responsibleadjectiveUS /riˈspɑːnsəbəl/

worthy of or requiring responsibility or trust; or held accountable

From this reading Adams was the meteorologist of the expedition, and he took all the observations from 8 A.M. to 8 P.M.; while the night-watchman was responsible for those taken from 10 P.M. to 6 A.M.

ridgenounUS /rɪdʒ/

a long narrow natural elevation or striation

From this reading In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.

screennounUS /skriːn/

a white or silvered surface where pictures can be projected for viewing

From this reading In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

specimensnounUS /ˈspesəmənz/

plural of “specimen” — an example regarded as typical of its class

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

strengthnounUS /streŋkθ/

the property of being physically or mentally strong

From this reading In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.

studiesnounUS /ˈstʌdiz/

plural of “study” — a detailed critical inspection

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

summitnounUS /ˈsʌmət/

the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development

From this reading PREPARATIONS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS After the journey to the summit of Erebus we began to prepare for the long winter months that were rapidly approaching.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading Adams was the meteorologist of the expedition, and he took all the observations from 8 A.M. to 8 P.M.; while the night-watchman was responsible for those taken from 10 P.M. to 6 A.M.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading PREPARATIONS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS After the journey to the summit of Erebus we began to prepare for the long winter months that were rapidly approaching.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading PREPARATIONS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS After the journey to the summit of Erebus we began to prepare for the long winter months that were rapidly approaching.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Adams was the meteorologist of the expedition, and he took all the observations from 8 A.M. to 8 P.M.; while the night-watchman was responsible for those taken from 10 P.M. to 6 A.M.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading PREPARATIONS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS After the journey to the summit of Erebus we began to prepare for the long winter months that were rapidly approaching.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Adams was the meteorologist of the expedition, and he took all the observations from 8 A.M. to 8 P.M.; while the night-watchman was responsible for those taken from 10 P.M. to 6 A.M.

topnounUS /tɑːp/

the upper part of anything

From this reading In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

wavingnounUS /ˈweɪvɪŋ/

the act of signaling by a movement of the hand

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading PREPARATIONS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS After the journey to the summit of Erebus we began to prepare for the long winter months that were rapidly approaching.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading PREPARATIONS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS After the journey to the summit of Erebus we began to prepare for the long winter months that were rapidly approaching.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading There was also a fine field for Murray's biological studies; while the lengthening nights gave indications that the mysterious Aurora Australis would soon be waving its curtains and beams over our winter quarters; and as information on this phenomenon was greatly needed, Mawson prepared to record the displays.

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading In addition to the meteorological screen, Mawson built an erection on the top of the highest ridge, in which he placed an aneurometer of his own construction to register the strength of the heaviest gusts of wind during a blizzard.

WINTERnounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading PREPARATIONS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS After the journey to the summit of Erebus we began to prepare for the long winter months that were rapidly approaching.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading It was most important, for instance, that the geologists should get as far afield as possible before the winter night closed upon us; so both the Professor and Priestley were out early and late collecting geological specimens which would need to be examined later on.

Chapter 15 of Shackleton in the Antarctic by Ernest Henry, Sir Shackleton holds 62 sentences, grouped into 13 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 15 of Shackleton in the Antarctic contain?

Chapter 15 holds 62 sentences of Shackleton in the Antarctic, unabridged, divided into 13 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 15 of Shackleton in the Antarctic by Ernest Henry, Sir Shackleton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 62 sentences, grouped into 13 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 15 of Shackleton in the Antarctic?

Work through the 13 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 13 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 15 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Shackleton in the Antarctic

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Yes. All 1878 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #69138 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #69138, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Shackleton in the Antarctic take to read?

About 156 minutes of reading across 376 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Shackleton in the Antarctic

Words and structures a reader meets early in Shackleton in the Antarctic, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Ernest
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shackleton in the Antarctic; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Shackleton
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shackleton in the Antarctic; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
First
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shackleton in the Antarctic; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Published
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shackleton in the Antarctic; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.