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Shakespeare and the Emblem Writers
Shakespeare and the Emblem Writers

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Shakespeare and the Emblem Writers is here in full — 357 sentences across 72 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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SIX DIRECT REFERENCES IN THE PERICLES TO BOOKS OF EMBLEMS, SOME OF THEIR DEVICES DESCRIBED, AND OF THEIR MOTTOES QUOTED.
SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.
The early folio editions of the plays, those of 1623 and 1632, omit the _Pericles_ altogether, but later editions restore it to a place among the works of Shakespeare.
Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.
In Knight’s _Pictorial Shakspere_, supplemental volume, p.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Shakespeare and the Emblem Writers

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Shakespeare and the Emblem Writers is here in full — 357 sentences across 72 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/71 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SIX DIRECT REFERENCES IN THE PERICLES TO BOOKS OF EMBLEMS, SOME OF THEIR DEVICES DESCRIBED, AND OF THEIR MOTTOES QUOTED.
Line 2
SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.
Line 3
The early folio editions of the plays, those of 1623 and 1632, omit the _Pericles_ altogether, but later editions restore it to a place among the works of Shakespeare.
Line 4
Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.
Line 5
In Knight’s _Pictorial Shakspere_, supplemental volume, p.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

certainties noun US /ˈsɜːrtəntiz/

plural of “certainty” — the state of being certain

From this reading “SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.”

contends verb US /kənˈtendz/

third-person singular of “contend” — maintain or assert

From this reading “Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.”

emblems noun US /ˈembləmz/

plural of “emblem” — special design or visual object representing a quality, type, group, etc.

From this reading “SIX DIRECT REFERENCES IN THE PERICLES TO BOOKS OF EMBLEMS, SOME OF THEIR DEVICES DESCRIBED, AND OF THEIR MOTTOES QUOTED.”

fabricator noun US /ˈfæbrɪkeɪtər/

someone who tells lies

From this reading “Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.”

Knight's noun US /naɪts/

possessive form of “knight” — originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit

Pictorial adjective US /pɪkˈtɔːriəl/

pertaining to or consisting of pictures

supplemental adjective US /ˌsʌpləˈmentəl/

functioning in a supporting capacity

From this reading “In Knight’s _Pictorial Shakspere_, supplemental volume, p.”

Tyre noun US /taɪr/

a port in southern Lebanon on the Mediterranean Sea; formerly a major Phoenician seaport famous for silks

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

folio editions noun + noun counted as “folio edition”

In this reading “The early folio editions of the plays, those of 1623 and 1632, omit the _Pericles_ altogether, but later editions restore it to a place among the works of Shakespeare.”

All words in this reading · 120

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1623

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The early folio editions of the plays, those of 1623 and 1632, omit the _Pericles_ altogether, but later editions restore it to a place among the works of Shakespeare.

1632

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The early folio editions of the plays, those of 1623 and 1632, omit the _Pericles_ altogether, but later editions restore it to a place among the works of Shakespeare.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

actverbUS /ækt/

perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

adoptedadjectiveUS /əˈdɑːptɪd/

acquired as your own by free choice

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

altogetheradverbUS /ˌɔːltəˈɡeðər/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading The early folio editions of the plays, those of 1623 and 1632, omit the _Pericles_ altogether, but later editions restore it to a place among the works of Shakespeare.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading The early folio editions of the plays, those of 1623 and 1632, omit the _Pericles_ altogether, but later editions restore it to a place among the works of Shakespeare.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading SIX DIRECT REFERENCES IN THE PERICLES TO BOOKS OF EMBLEMS, SOME OF THEIR DEVICES DESCRIBED, AND OF THEIR MOTTOES QUOTED.

appearsverbUS /əˈpɪrz/

third-person singular of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

authornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

authorshipnounUS /ˈɔːθərʃɪp/

the act of creating written works

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

belongsverbUS /bɪˈlɔːŋz/

third-person singular of “belong” — be owned by; be in the possession of

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

BOOKSnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading SIX DIRECT REFERENCES IN THE PERICLES TO BOOKS OF EMBLEMS, SOME OF THEIR DEVICES DESCRIBED, AND OF THEIR MOTTOES QUOTED.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The early folio editions of the plays, those of 1623 and 1632, omit the _Pericles_ altogether, but later editions restore it to a place among the works of Shakespeare.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

certaintiesnounUS /ˈsɜːrtəntiz/

plural of “certainty” — the state of being certain

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

changedadjectiveUS /tʃeɪndʒd/

made or become different in nature or form

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

chorusnounUS /ˈkɔːrəs/

any utterance produced simultaneously by a group

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

compositionnounUS /ˌkɑːmpəˈzɪʃən/

the spatial property resulting from the arrangement of parts in relation to each other and to the whole

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

confidentlyadverbUS /ˈkɑːnfədəntli/

with confidence; in a confident manner

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

conjecturesnounUS /kənˈdʒektʃərz/

plural of “conjecture” — a hypothesis that has been formed by speculating or conjecturing (usually with little hard evidence)

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

contendsverbUS /kənˈtendz/

third-person singular of “contend” — maintain or assert

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

controvertverb

be resistant to

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

copiedverbUS /ˈkɑːpid/

inflected form of “copy” — copy down as is

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

decisionnounUS /dɪˈsɪʒən/

the act of making up your mind about something

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

declareverbUS /dɪˈkler/

state emphatically and authoritatively

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

DESCRIBEDadjectiveUS /dɪˈskraɪbd/

represented in words especially with sharpness and detail

From this reading SIX DIRECT REFERENCES IN THE PERICLES TO BOOKS OF EMBLEMS, SOME OF THEIR DEVICES DESCRIBED, AND OF THEIR MOTTOES QUOTED.

DEVICESnounUS /dɪˈvaɪsəz/

an inclination or desire; used in the plural in the phrase “left to your own devices”

From this reading SIX DIRECT REFERENCES IN THE PERICLES TO BOOKS OF EMBLEMS, SOME OF THEIR DEVICES DESCRIBED, AND OF THEIR MOTTOES QUOTED.

dialoguenounUS /ˈdaɪəlɔːɡ/

a conversation between two persons

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

DIRECTverbUS /dərˈekt/

command with authority

From this reading SIX DIRECT REFERENCES IN THE PERICLES TO BOOKS OF EMBLEMS, SOME OF THEIR DEVICES DESCRIBED, AND OF THEIR MOTTOES QUOTED.

Dr

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

dramatistnounUS /ˈdrɑːmətɪst/

someone who writes plays

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading The early folio editions of the plays, those of 1623 and 1632, omit the _Pericles_ altogether, but later editions restore it to a place among the works of Shakespeare.

editionsnounUS /ɪˈdɪʃənz/

plural of “edition” — the form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

EmblemnounUS /ˈembləm/

special design or visual object representing a quality, type, group, etc.

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

EMBLEMSnounUS /ˈembləmz/

plural of “emblem” — special design or visual object representing a quality, type, group, etc.

From this reading SIX DIRECT REFERENCES IN THE PERICLES TO BOOKS OF EMBLEMS, SOME OF THEIR DEVICES DESCRIBED, AND OF THEIR MOTTOES QUOTED.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

evidentadjectiveUS /ˈevədənt/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

exhibitverbUS /ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/

show an attribute, property, knowledge, or skill

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

fabricatornounUS /ˈfæbrɪkeɪtər/

someone who tells lies

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

FarmernounUS /ˈfɑːrmər/

a person who operates a farm

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

folionounUS /ˈfoʊliːoʊ/

the system of numbering pages

From this reading The early folio editions of the plays, those of 1623 and 1632, omit the _Pericles_ altogether, but later editions restore it to a place among the works of Shakespeare.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

geniusnounUS /ˈdʒiːnjəs/

someone who has exceptional intellectual ability and originality

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading SIX DIRECT REFERENCES IN THE PERICLES TO BOOKS OF EMBLEMS, SOME OF THEIR DEVICES DESCRIBED, AND OF THEIR MOTTOES QUOTED.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The early folio editions of the plays, those of 1623 and 1632, omit the _Pericles_ altogether, but later editions restore it to a place among the works of Shakespeare.

Knight'snounUS /naɪts/

possessive form of “knight” — originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit

From this reading In Knight’s _Pictorial Shakspere_, supplemental volume, p.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading The early folio editions of the plays, those of 1623 and 1632, omit the _Pericles_ altogether, but later editions restore it to a place among the works of Shakespeare.

lifetimenounUS /ˈlaɪftaɪm/

the period during which something is functional (as between birth and death)

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

mainadjectiveUS /meɪn/

most important element

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

maintainverbUS /meɪnˈteɪn/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

MOTTOES

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SIX DIRECT REFERENCES IN THE PERICLES TO BOOKS OF EMBLEMS, SOME OF THEIR DEVICES DESCRIBED, AND OF THEIR MOTTOES QUOTED.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading SIX DIRECT REFERENCES IN THE PERICLES TO BOOKS OF EMBLEMS, SOME OF THEIR DEVICES DESCRIBED, AND OF THEIR MOTTOES QUOTED.

omitverbUS /oʊˈmɪt/

prevent from being included or considered or accepted

From this reading The early folio editions of the plays, those of 1623 and 1632, omit the _Pericles_ altogether, but later editions restore it to a place among the works of Shakespeare.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

opinionnounUS /əˈpɪnjən/

a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

pnounUS /piː/

a multivalent nonmetallic element of the nitrogen family that occurs commonly in inorganic phosphate rocks and as organic phosphates in all living cells; is highly reactive and occurs in several allotropic forms

From this reading In Knight’s _Pictorial Shakspere_, supplemental volume, p.

passagesnounUS /ˈpæsədʒəz/

plural of “passage” — the act of passing from one state or place to the next

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

PERICLESnoun

Athenian statesman whose leadership contributed to Athens' political and cultural supremacy in Greece; he ordered the construction of the Parthenon (died in 429 BC)

From this reading SIX DIRECT REFERENCES IN THE PERICLES TO BOOKS OF EMBLEMS, SOME OF THEIR DEVICES DESCRIBED, AND OF THEIR MOTTOES QUOTED.

PictorialadjectiveUS /pɪkˈtɔːriəl/

pertaining to or consisting of pictures

From this reading In Knight’s _Pictorial Shakspere_, supplemental volume, p.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading The early folio editions of the plays, those of 1623 and 1632, omit the _Pericles_ altogether, but later editions restore it to a place among the works of Shakespeare.

playverbUS /pleɪ/

participate in games or sport

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

playsnounUS /pleɪz/

plural of “play” — a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage

From this reading The early folio editions of the plays, those of 1623 and 1632, omit the _Pericles_ altogether, but later editions restore it to a place among the works of Shakespeare.

plotnounUS /plɑːt/

a secret scheme to do something (especially something underhand or illegal)

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

previousadjectiveUS /ˈpriːviəs/

just preceding something else in time or order

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

PrincenounUS /prɪns/

a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

publishedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌblɪʃt/

prepared and printed for distribution and sale

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

quartonounUS /ˈkwɔːrtoʊ/

the size of a book whose pages are made by folding a sheet of paper twice to form four leaves

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

QUOTEDverbUS /ˈkwoʊtɪd/

past form of “quote” — repeat a passage from

From this reading SIX DIRECT REFERENCES IN THE PERICLES TO BOOKS OF EMBLEMS, SOME OF THEIR DEVICES DESCRIBED, AND OF THEIR MOTTOES QUOTED.

REFERENCESnounUS /ˈrefərənsɪz/

plural of “reference” — a remark that calls attention to something or someone

From this reading SIX DIRECT REFERENCES IN THE PERICLES TO BOOKS OF EMBLEMS, SOME OF THEIR DEVICES DESCRIBED, AND OF THEIR MOTTOES QUOTED.

refersverbUS /rəˈfɜːrz/

third-person singular of “refer” — make reference to

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

restoreverbUS /rɪˈstɔːr/

return to its original or usable and functioning condition

From this reading The early folio editions of the plays, those of 1623 and 1632, omit the _Pericles_ altogether, but later editions restore it to a place among the works of Shakespeare.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

ShakespearenounUS /ˈʃeɪkspiːr/

English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

From this reading The early folio editions of the plays, those of 1623 and 1632, omit the _Pericles_ altogether, but later editions restore it to a place among the works of Shakespeare.

SHAKESPEARE'SnounUS /ˈʃeɪkspiːrz/

possessive form of “shakespeare” — English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

Shaksperenoun

English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

From this reading In Knight’s _Pictorial Shakspere_, supplemental volume, p.

SIXnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading SIX DIRECT REFERENCES IN THE PERICLES TO BOOKS OF EMBLEMS, SOME OF THEIR DEVICES DESCRIBED, AND OF THEIR MOTTOES QUOTED.

SOMEadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading SIX DIRECT REFERENCES IN THE PERICLES TO BOOKS OF EMBLEMS, SOME OF THEIR DEVICES DESCRIBED, AND OF THEIR MOTTOES QUOTED.

supplementaladjectiveUS /ˌsʌpləˈmentəl/

functioning in a supporting capacity

From this reading In Knight’s _Pictorial Shakspere_, supplemental volume, p.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading SIX DIRECT REFERENCES IN THE PERICLES TO BOOKS OF EMBLEMS, SOME OF THEIR DEVICES DESCRIBED, AND OF THEIR MOTTOES QUOTED.

THEIRdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading SIX DIRECT REFERENCES IN THE PERICLES TO BOOKS OF EMBLEMS, SOME OF THEIR DEVICES DESCRIBED, AND OF THEIR MOTTOES QUOTED.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The early folio editions of the plays, those of 1623 and 1632, omit the _Pericles_ altogether, but later editions restore it to a place among the works of Shakespeare.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading SIX DIRECT REFERENCES IN THE PERICLES TO BOOKS OF EMBLEMS, SOME OF THEIR DEVICES DESCRIBED, AND OF THEIR MOTTOES QUOTED.

TyrenounUS /taɪr/

a port in southern Lebanon on the Mediterranean Sea; formerly a major Phoenician seaport famous for silks

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

visibleadjectiveUS /ˈvɪzəbəl/

capable of being seen; or open to easy view

From this reading Dr. Farmer contends that the hand of the great dramatist is visible only in the last act; but others controvert this opinion, and maintain, though he was not the fabricator of the plot, nor the author of every dialogue and chorus, that his genius is evident in several passages.

volumenounUS /ˈvɑːljuːm/

the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading In Knight’s _Pictorial Shakspere_, supplemental volume, p.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

worksnounUS /wɜːrks/

buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading The early folio editions of the plays, those of 1623 and 1632, omit the _Pericles_ altogether, but later editions restore it to a place among the works of Shakespeare.

writersnounUS /ˈraɪtərz/

plural of “writer” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading SHAKESPEARE’S name, in three quarto editions, published during his lifetime, appears as author of the play of _Pericles, Prince of Tyre_; and if a decision be made that the authorship belongs to him, and that in the main the work was his composition, then our previous conjectures are changed into certainties, and we can confidently declare who were the Emblem writers he refers to, and can exhibit the very passages from their books which he has copied and adopted.

Chapter 8 of Shakespeare and the Emblem Writers by Henry Green holds 357 sentences, grouped into 72 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Shakespeare and the Emblem Writers contain?

Chapter 8 holds 357 sentences of Shakespeare and the Emblem Writers, unabridged, divided into 72 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Shakespeare and the Emblem Writers by Henry Green exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 357 sentences, grouped into 72 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Shakespeare and the Emblem Writers?

Work through the 72 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 72 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #50006, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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Words and structures a reader meets early in Shakespeare and the Emblem Writers, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

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