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Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown
Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown is here in full — 401 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?
We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.
{31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).
Neither Beaumont nor Fletcher collected and published their works for the Stage.
The idea was unheard of before Jonson set the example, and much of his work lay unprinted till years after his death.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown is here in full — 401 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?
Line 2
We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.
Line 3
{31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).
Line 4
Neither Beaumont nor Fletcher collected and published their works for the Stage.
/ˈniːðər ˈboʊmɔːnt nɔːr ˈfletʃər kəˈlektəd ənd ˈpʌblɪʃt ðer wɜːrks fɔːr ðə steɪdʒ/
Line 5
The idea was unheard of before Jonson set the example, and much of his work lay unprinted till years after his death.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

argues verb US /ˈɑːrɡjuːz/

third-person singular of “argue” — present reasons and arguments

From this reading “We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.”

Beaumont noun US /ˈboʊmɔːnt/

United States surgeon remembered for his studies of digestion (1785-1853)

From this reading “{31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).”

edited adjective US /ˈedətəd/

improved or corrected by critical editing

From this reading “{31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).”

pamphlets noun US /ˈpæmfləts/

plural of “pamphlet” — a small book usually having a paper cover

From this reading “We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.”

permanence noun US /ˈpɜːrmənəns/

the property of being able to exist for an indefinite duration

From this reading “The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?”

Pollard noun US /ˈpɑːlərd/

a tree with limbs cut back to promote a more bushy growth of foliage

From this reading “We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.”

scholarly adjective US /ˈskɑːlərli/

characteristic of scholars or scholarship

From this reading “{31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).”

Shakespeare's noun US /ˈʃeɪkspiːrz/

possessive form of “shakespeare” — English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

All words in this reading · 89

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1616

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading {31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).

31

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading {31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading {31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The idea was unheard of before Jonson set the example, and much of his work lay unprinted till years after his death.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?

arguesverbUS /ˈɑːrɡjuːz/

third-person singular of “argue” — present reasons and arguments

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

authornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading {31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).

bnounUS /biː/

aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium; often occurring in chainlike formations; found primarily in soil

From this reading {31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

BeaumontnounUS /ˈboʊmɔːnt/

United States surgeon remembered for his studies of digestion (1785-1853)

From this reading Neither Beaumont nor Fletcher collected and published their works for the Stage.

Beaumont's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading {31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading {31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).

BennounUS /ben/

a mountain or tall hill

From this reading {31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

collectedadjectiveUS /kəˈlektəd/

brought together in one place

From this reading The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?

companynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

completeverbUS /kəmˈpliːt/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading {31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).

consciousadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnʃəs/

intentionally conceived

From this reading The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?

copynounUS /ˈkɑːpi/

a reproduction of a written record (e.g. of a legal or school record)

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading {31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?

dramaticadjectiveUS /drəˈmætɪk/

suitable to or characteristic of drama

From this reading {31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).

editedadjectiveUS /ˈedətəd/

improved or corrected by critical editing

From this reading {31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).

editionnounUS /əˈdɪʃən/

the form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published

From this reading {31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).

examplenounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəl/

an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading {31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

FletchernounUS /ˈfletʃər/

prolific English dramatist who collaborated with Francis Beaumont and many other dramatists (1579-1625)

From this reading Neither Beaumont nor Fletcher collected and published their works for the Stage.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?

groundsnounUS /ɡraʊndz/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading The idea was unheard of before Jonson set the example, and much of his work lay unprinted till years after his death.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?

JonsonnounUS /ˈdʒɑːnsən/

English dramatist and poet who was the first real poet laureate of England (1572-1637)

From this reading {31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The idea was unheard of before Jonson set the example, and much of his work lay unprinted till years after his death.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading {31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading The idea was unheard of before Jonson set the example, and much of his work lay unprinted till years after his death.

NeitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading Neither Beaumont nor Fletcher collected and published their works for the Stage.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading {31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading Neither Beaumont nor Fletcher collected and published their works for the Stage.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

pamphletsnounUS /ˈpæmfləts/

plural of “pamphlet” — a small book usually having a paper cover

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

permanencenounUS /ˈpɜːrmənəns/

the property of being able to exist for an indefinite duration

From this reading The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?

playsnounUS /pleɪz/

plural of “play” — a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage

From this reading The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?

PollardnounUS /ˈpɑːlərd/

a tree with limbs cut back to promote a more bushy growth of foliage

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

powersnounUS /ˈpaʊərz/

plural of “power” — possession of controlling influence

From this reading The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?

printnounUS /prɪnt/

the text appearing in a book, newspaper, or other printed publication

From this reading The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?

provideverbUS /prəˈvaɪd/

give something useful or necessary to

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

publicationnounUS /ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃən/

a copy of a printed work offered for distribution

From this reading The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?

publishedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌblɪʃt/

prepared and printed for distribution and sale

From this reading Neither Beaumont nor Fletcher collected and published their works for the Stage.

publishersnounUS /ˈpʌblɪʃərz/

plural of “publisher” — a firm in the publishing business

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

puzzleverbUS /ˈpʌzəl/

be a mystery or bewildering to

From this reading The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?

Quartos

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading {31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).

scholarlyadjectiveUS /ˈskɑːlərli/

characteristic of scholars or scholarship

From this reading {31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).

secondnounUS /ˈsekənd/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?

secureverbUS /sɪˈkjʊr/

get by special effort

From this reading The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?

separateverbUS /ˈsepəreɪt/

act as a barrier between; stand between

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading {31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).

ShakespearenounUS /ˈʃeɪkspiːr/

English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

From this reading The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?

Shakespeare'snounUS /ˈʃeɪkspiːrz/

possessive form of “shakespeare” — English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

From this reading {31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

StagenounUS /steɪdʒ/

any distinct time period in a sequence of events

From this reading Neither Beaumont nor Fletcher collected and published their works for the Stage.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Neither Beaumont nor Fletcher collected and published their works for the Stage.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading The idea was unheard of before Jonson set the example, and much of his work lay unprinted till years after his death.

unheardadjectiveUS /ənˈhɜːrd/

not necessarily inaudible but not heard

From this reading The idea was unheard of before Jonson set the example, and much of his work lay unprinted till years after his death.

unprinted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The idea was unheard of before Jonson set the example, and much of his work lay unprinted till years after his death.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The idea was unheard of before Jonson set the example, and much of his work lay unprinted till years after his death.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

WhynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading The second puzzle is,—Why did Shakespeare, conscious of his great powers, never secure for his collected plays the permanence of print and publication?

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading We cannot be sure that he and his company, in fact, did not provide publishers with the copy for the better Quartos or pamphlets of separate plays, as Mr. Pollard argues on good grounds that they sometimes did.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading The idea was unheard of before Jonson set the example, and much of his work lay unprinted till years after his death.

worksnounUS /wɜːrks/

buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading {31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading {31b} For the rest, no dramatic author edited a complete edition of his works before Ben Jonson, a scholarly man, set the example in the year of Shakespeare’s, and of Beaumont’s death (1616).

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading The idea was unheard of before Jonson set the example, and much of his work lay unprinted till years after his death.

Chapter 2 of Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown by Andrew Lang holds 401 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown contain?

Chapter 2 holds 401 sentences of Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown by Andrew Lang exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 401 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown

Common questions about reading Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown by Andrew Lang on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown?

Yes. All 2813 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5127 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5127, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown take to read?

About 234 minutes of reading across 563 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown section by section

How to work through Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 7 chapters of Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown

Words and structures a reader meets early in Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Hesitation
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Husband
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
World
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Correct
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shakespeare, Bacon, and the Great Unknown; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.