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Shakespearean Tragedy
Shakespearean Tragedy

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Shakespearean Tragedy is here in full — 405 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/81 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
And observe, lastly, that his failure in perception is closely connected with his badness.
He was destroyed by the power that he attacked, the power of love; and he was destroyed by it because he could not understand it; and he could not understand it because it was not in him.
Iago never meant his plot to be so dangerous to himself.
He knew that jealousy is painful, but the jealousy of a love like Othello's he could not imagine, and he found himself involved in murders which were no part of his original design.
That difficulty he surmounted, and his changed plot still seemed to prosper.
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Shakespearean Tragedy

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Shakespearean Tragedy is here in full — 405 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
And observe, lastly, that his failure in perception is closely connected with his badness.
/ənd əbˈzɜːrv ˈlæstli ðæt hɪz ˈfeɪljər ɪn pərˈsepʃən ɪz ˈkloʊsli kəˈnektɪd wɪð hɪz ˈbædnəs/
Line 2
He was destroyed by the power that he attacked, the power of love; and he was destroyed by it because he could not understand it; and he could not understand it because it was not in him.
/hiː wɑːz dɪˈstrɔɪd baɪ ðə ˈpaʊər ðæt hiː əˈtækt ðə ˈpaʊər ʌv lʌv ənd hiː wɑːz dɪˈstrɔɪd baɪ ɪt bɪˈkɔːz hiː kʊd nɑːt ˌʌndərˈstænd ɪt ənd hiː kʊd nɑːt ˌʌndərˈstænd ɪt bɪˈkɔːz ɪt wɑːz nɑːt ɪn hɪm/
Line 3
Iago never meant his plot to be so dangerous to himself.
/iˈɑːɡoʊ ˈnevər ment hɪz plɑːt tuː biː soʊ ˈdeɪndʒərəs tuː hɪmˈself/
Line 4
He knew that jealousy is painful, but the jealousy of a love like Othello's he could not imagine, and he found himself involved in murders which were no part of his original design.
Line 5
That difficulty he surmounted, and his changed plot still seemed to prosper.
/ðæt ˈdɪfəkəlti hiː sərˈmaʊntɪd ənd hɪz tʃeɪndʒd plɑːt stɪl siːmd tuː ˈprɑːspər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

badness noun US /ˈbædnəs/

that which is below standard or expectations as of ethics or decency

From this reading “And observe, lastly, that his failure in perception is closely connected with his badness.”

Iago noun US /iˈɑːɡoʊ/

the villain in William Shakespeare's tragedy who tricked Othello into murdering his wife

From this reading “Iago never meant his plot to be so dangerous to himself.”

involved adjective US /ˌɪnˈvɑːlvd/

connected by participation or association or use

From this reading “He knew that jealousy is painful, but the jealousy of a love like Othello's he could not imagine, and he found himself involved in murders which were no part of his original design.”

lastly adverb US /ˈlæstli/

the item at the end

From this reading “And observe, lastly, that his failure in perception is closely connected with his badness.”

murders noun US /ˈmɜːrdərz/

plural of “murder” — unlawful premeditated killing of a human being by a human being

From this reading “He knew that jealousy is painful, but the jealousy of a love like Othello's he could not imagine, and he found himself involved in murders which were no part of his original design.”

perception noun US /pərˈsepʃən/

the representation of what is perceived; basic component in the formation of a concept

From this reading “And observe, lastly, that his failure in perception is closely connected with his badness.”

prosper verb US /ˈprɑːspər/

make steady progress; be at the high point in one's career or reach a high point in historical significance or importance

From this reading “That difficulty he surmounted, and his changed plot still seemed to prosper.”

surmounted adjective US /sərˈmaʊntɪd/

having something on top

From this reading “That difficulty he surmounted, and his changed plot still seemed to prosper.”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He knew that jealousy is painful, but the jealousy of a love like Othello's he could not imagine, and he found himself involved in murders which were no part of his original design.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading And observe, lastly, that his failure in perception is closely connected with his badness.

attackedverbUS /əˈtækt/

past form of “attack” — launch an attack or assault on; begin hostilities or start warfare with

From this reading He was destroyed by the power that he attacked, the power of love; and he was destroyed by it because he could not understand it; and he could not understand it because it was not in him.

badnessnounUS /ˈbædnəs/

that which is below standard or expectations as of ethics or decency

From this reading And observe, lastly, that his failure in perception is closely connected with his badness.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Iago never meant his plot to be so dangerous to himself.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading He was destroyed by the power that he attacked, the power of love; and he was destroyed by it because he could not understand it; and he could not understand it because it was not in him.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He knew that jealousy is painful, but the jealousy of a love like Othello's he could not imagine, and he found himself involved in murders which were no part of his original design.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He was destroyed by the power that he attacked, the power of love; and he was destroyed by it because he could not understand it; and he could not understand it because it was not in him.

changedadjectiveUS /tʃeɪndʒd/

made or become different in nature or form

From this reading That difficulty he surmounted, and his changed plot still seemed to prosper.

closelyadverbUS /ˈkloʊsli/

in a close relation or position in time or space

From this reading And observe, lastly, that his failure in perception is closely connected with his badness.

connectedadjectiveUS /kəˈnektɪd/

being joined in close association

From this reading And observe, lastly, that his failure in perception is closely connected with his badness.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading He was destroyed by the power that he attacked, the power of love; and he was destroyed by it because he could not understand it; and he could not understand it because it was not in him.

dangerousadjectiveUS /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/

involving or causing danger or risk; liable to hurt or harm

From this reading Iago never meant his plot to be so dangerous to himself.

designnounUS /dɪˈzaɪn/

the act of working out the form of something (as by making a sketch or outline or plan)

From this reading He knew that jealousy is painful, but the jealousy of a love like Othello's he could not imagine, and he found himself involved in murders which were no part of his original design.

destroyedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstrɔɪd/

spoiled or ruined or demolished

From this reading He was destroyed by the power that he attacked, the power of love; and he was destroyed by it because he could not understand it; and he could not understand it because it was not in him.

difficultynounUS /ˈdɪfəkəlti/

an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading That difficulty he surmounted, and his changed plot still seemed to prosper.

failurenounUS /ˈfeɪljər/

an act that fails

From this reading And observe, lastly, that his failure in perception is closely connected with his badness.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading He knew that jealousy is painful, but the jealousy of a love like Othello's he could not imagine, and he found himself involved in murders which were no part of his original design.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was destroyed by the power that he attacked, the power of love; and he was destroyed by it because he could not understand it; and he could not understand it because it was not in him.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He was destroyed by the power that he attacked, the power of love; and he was destroyed by it because he could not understand it; and he could not understand it because it was not in him.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Iago never meant his plot to be so dangerous to himself.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading And observe, lastly, that his failure in perception is closely connected with his badness.

IagonounUS /iˈɑːɡoʊ/

the villain in William Shakespeare's tragedy who tricked Othello into murdering his wife

From this reading Iago never meant his plot to be so dangerous to himself.

imagineverbUS /ˌɪˈmædʒən/

form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the case

From this reading He knew that jealousy is painful, but the jealousy of a love like Othello's he could not imagine, and he found himself involved in murders which were no part of his original design.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading And observe, lastly, that his failure in perception is closely connected with his badness.

involvedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈvɑːlvd/

connected by participation or association or use

From this reading He knew that jealousy is painful, but the jealousy of a love like Othello's he could not imagine, and he found himself involved in murders which were no part of his original design.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading And observe, lastly, that his failure in perception is closely connected with his badness.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He was destroyed by the power that he attacked, the power of love; and he was destroyed by it because he could not understand it; and he could not understand it because it was not in him.

jealousynounUS /ˈdʒeləsi/

a feeling of jealous envy (especially of a rival)

From this reading He knew that jealousy is painful, but the jealousy of a love like Othello's he could not imagine, and he found himself involved in murders which were no part of his original design.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading He knew that jealousy is painful, but the jealousy of a love like Othello's he could not imagine, and he found himself involved in murders which were no part of his original design.

lastlyadverbUS /ˈlæstli/

the item at the end

From this reading And observe, lastly, that his failure in perception is closely connected with his badness.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading He knew that jealousy is painful, but the jealousy of a love like Othello's he could not imagine, and he found himself involved in murders which were no part of his original design.

lovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading He was destroyed by the power that he attacked, the power of love; and he was destroyed by it because he could not understand it; and he could not understand it because it was not in him.

meantverbUS /ment/

inflected form of “mean” — mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading Iago never meant his plot to be so dangerous to himself.

murdersnounUS /ˈmɜːrdərz/

plural of “murder” — unlawful premeditated killing of a human being by a human being

From this reading He knew that jealousy is painful, but the jealousy of a love like Othello's he could not imagine, and he found himself involved in murders which were no part of his original design.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Iago never meant his plot to be so dangerous to himself.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading He knew that jealousy is painful, but the jealousy of a love like Othello's he could not imagine, and he found himself involved in murders which were no part of his original design.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He was destroyed by the power that he attacked, the power of love; and he was destroyed by it because he could not understand it; and he could not understand it because it was not in him.

observeverbUS /əbˈzɜːrv/

discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of

From this reading And observe, lastly, that his failure in perception is closely connected with his badness.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He was destroyed by the power that he attacked, the power of love; and he was destroyed by it because he could not understand it; and he could not understand it because it was not in him.

originaladjectiveUS /ərˈɪdʒənəl/

preceding all others in time or being as first made or performed

From this reading He knew that jealousy is painful, but the jealousy of a love like Othello's he could not imagine, and he found himself involved in murders which were no part of his original design.

Othello's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He knew that jealousy is painful, but the jealousy of a love like Othello's he could not imagine, and he found himself involved in murders which were no part of his original design.

painfuladjectiveUS /ˈpeɪnfəl/

causing physical or psychological pain

From this reading He knew that jealousy is painful, but the jealousy of a love like Othello's he could not imagine, and he found himself involved in murders which were no part of his original design.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading He knew that jealousy is painful, but the jealousy of a love like Othello's he could not imagine, and he found himself involved in murders which were no part of his original design.

perceptionnounUS /pərˈsepʃən/

the representation of what is perceived; basic component in the formation of a concept

From this reading And observe, lastly, that his failure in perception is closely connected with his badness.

plotnounUS /plɑːt/

a secret scheme to do something (especially something underhand or illegal)

From this reading Iago never meant his plot to be so dangerous to himself.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading He was destroyed by the power that he attacked, the power of love; and he was destroyed by it because he could not understand it; and he could not understand it because it was not in him.

prosperverbUS /ˈprɑːspər/

make steady progress; be at the high point in one's career or reach a high point in historical significance or importance

From this reading That difficulty he surmounted, and his changed plot still seemed to prosper.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading That difficulty he surmounted, and his changed plot still seemed to prosper.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Iago never meant his plot to be so dangerous to himself.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading That difficulty he surmounted, and his changed plot still seemed to prosper.

surmountedadjectiveUS /sərˈmaʊntɪd/

having something on top

From this reading That difficulty he surmounted, and his changed plot still seemed to prosper.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading And observe, lastly, that his failure in perception is closely connected with his badness.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading He was destroyed by the power that he attacked, the power of love; and he was destroyed by it because he could not understand it; and he could not understand it because it was not in him.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Iago never meant his plot to be so dangerous to himself.

understandverbUS /ˌʌndərˈstænd/

know and comprehend the nature or meaning of

From this reading He was destroyed by the power that he attacked, the power of love; and he was destroyed by it because he could not understand it; and he could not understand it because it was not in him.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He was destroyed by the power that he attacked, the power of love; and he was destroyed by it because he could not understand it; and he could not understand it because it was not in him.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading He knew that jealousy is painful, but the jealousy of a love like Othello's he could not imagine, and he found himself involved in murders which were no part of his original design.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He knew that jealousy is painful, but the jealousy of a love like Othello's he could not imagine, and he found himself involved in murders which were no part of his original design.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading And observe, lastly, that his failure in perception is closely connected with his badness.

Chapter 8 of Shakespearean Tragedy by A. C. (Andrew Cecil) Bradley holds 405 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Shakespearean Tragedy contain?

Chapter 8 holds 405 sentences of Shakespearean Tragedy, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Shakespearean Tragedy by A. C. (Andrew Cecil) Bradley exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 405 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Shakespearean Tragedy?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Shakespearean Tragedy

Common questions about reading Shakespearean Tragedy by A. C. (Andrew Cecil) Bradley on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Shakespearean Tragedy?

Yes. All 7305 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #16966 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Shakespearean Tragedy is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #16966, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Shakespearean Tragedy take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1461 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Shakespearean Tragedy section by section

How to work through Shakespearean Tragedy section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 18 chapters of Shakespearean Tragedy to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Shakespearean Tragedy

Words and structures a reader meets early in Shakespearean Tragedy, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Macmillan
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shakespearean Tragedy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Canada
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shakespearean Tragedy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Glasgow
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shakespearean Tragedy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Printed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shakespearean Tragedy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.