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Shakspere, Personal Recollections
Shakspere, Personal Recollections

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Shakspere, Personal Recollections is here in full — 49 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/9 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THEATRICAL DRUDGERY.
COMPOSITIONS.
_"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!
The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.
During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Shakspere, Personal Recollections

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Shakspere, Personal Recollections is here in full — 49 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/9 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THEATRICAL DRUDGERY.
/θiˈætrɪkəl ˈdrʌdʒəri/
Line 2
COMPOSITIONS.
/ˌkɑːmpəˈzɪʃənz/
Line 3
_"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!
Line 4
The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.
Line 5
During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Arcadia noun US /ɑːrˈkeɪdiə/

a department of Greece in the central Peloponnese

From this reading “During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.”

drudgery noun US /ˈdrʌdʒəri/

hard monotonous routine work

From this reading “THEATRICAL DRUDGERY.”

emulate verb US /ˈemjəleɪt/

strive to equal or match, especially by imitating

From this reading “The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.”

fermentation noun US /ˌfɜːrmənˈteɪʃən/

a state of agitation or turbulent change or development

From this reading “The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.”

Greene noun US /ɡriːn/

English novelist and Catholic (1904-1991)

From this reading “The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.”

Kyd noun US /kɪd/

English dramatist (1558-1594)

From this reading “The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.”

Marlowe noun US /ˈmɑːrloʊ/

English poet and playwright who introduced blank verse as a form of dramatic expression; was stabbed to death in a tavern brawl (1564-1593)

From this reading “The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.”

surpass verb US /sərˈpæs/

distinguish oneself

From this reading “The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.”

All words in this reading · 85

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

adversitynounUS /ədˈvɝː.sə.t̬i/

Difficulties; misfortune and hardship faced with courage.

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

ArcadianounUS /ɑːrˈkeɪdiə/

a department of Greece in the central Peloponnese

From this reading During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.

Blackfriars

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.

brainnounUS /breɪn/

that part of the central nervous system that includes all the higher nervous centers; enclosed within the skull; continuous with the spinal cord

From this reading The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.

compositionnounUS /ˌkɑːmpəˈzɪʃən/

the spatial property resulting from the arrangement of parts in relation to each other and to the whole

From this reading The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.

COMPOSITIONSnounUS /ˌkɑːmpəˈzɪʃənz/

plural of “composition” — the spatial property resulting from the arrangement of parts in relation to each other and to the whole

From this reading COMPOSITIONS.

dailyadverbUS /ˈdeɪli/

every day; without missing a day

From this reading The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.

demandsnounUS /dɪˈmændz/

plural of “demand” — an urgent or peremptory request

From this reading The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.

DRUDGERYnounUS /ˈdrʌdʒəri/

hard monotonous routine work

From this reading THEATRICAL DRUDGERY.

DuringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.

emulateverbUS /ˈemjəleɪt/

strive to equal or match, especially by imitating

From this reading The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.

famenounUS /feɪm/

the state or quality of being widely honored and acclaimed

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

fermentationnounUS /ˌfɜːrmənˈteɪʃən/

a state of agitation or turbulent change or development

From this reading The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.

firmlyadverbUS /ˈfɜːrmli/

with resolute determination

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

GreenenounUS /ɡriːn/

English novelist and Catholic (1904-1991)

From this reading The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.

immortalitynounUS /ˌɪmɔːrˈtælɪti/

the quality or state of being immortal

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

jewelnounUS /ˈdʒuːəl/

a precious or semiprecious stone incorporated into a piece of jewelry

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

KydnounUS /kɪd/

English dramatist (1558-1594)

From this reading The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.

laddernounUS /ˈlædər/

steps consisting of two parallel members connected by rungs; for climbing up or down

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

leanedverbUS /liːnd/

past form of “lean” — to incline or bend from a vertical position

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

LodgeverbUS /lɑːdʒ/

be a lodger; stay temporarily

From this reading The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.

lowerverbUS /ˈloʊər/

move something or somebody to a lower position

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

MarlowenounUS /ˈmɑːrloʊ/

English poet and playwright who introduced blank verse as a form of dramatic expression; was stabbed to death in a tavern brawl (1564-1593)

From this reading The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.

middlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

Ovidnoun

Roman poet remembered for his elegiac verses on love (43 BC - AD 17)

From this reading During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.

Petrarchnoun

an Italian poet famous for love lyrics (1304-1374)

From this reading During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.

PhilipnounUS /ˈfɪləp/

Englishman and husband of Elizabeth II (born 1921)

From this reading During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.

plantedadjectiveUS /ˈplæntɪd/

(used especially of ideas or principles) deeply rooted; firmly fixed or held

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

playernounUS /ˈpleɪər/

a person who participates in or is skilled at some game

From this reading During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.

pleasurenounUS /ˈpleʒər/

a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience

From this reading During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.

preciousadjectiveUS /ˈpreʃəs/

characterized by feeling or showing fond affection for

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

seethingadjectiveUS /ˈsiːðɪŋ/

in constant agitation

From this reading The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.

Shaksperenoun

English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

SidneynounUS /ˈsɪdni/

English poet (1554-1586)

From this reading During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.

skiesnounUS /skaɪz/

plural of “sky” — the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

sonnetsnounUS /ˈsɑːnɪts/

plural of “sonnet” — a verse form consisting of 14 lines with a fixed rhyme scheme

From this reading During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.

spurredverbUS /spɜːrd/

inflected form of “spur” — incite or stimulate

From this reading The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.

strollingverbUS /ˈstroʊlɪŋ/

-ing form of “stroll” — walk leisurely and with no apparent aim

From this reading During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.

studiedadjectiveUS /ˈstʌdid/

produced or marked by conscious design or premeditation

From this reading During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.

surpassverbUS /sərˈpæs/

distinguish oneself

From this reading The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.

SweetadjectiveUS /swiːt/

having or denoting the characteristic taste of sugar

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

THEATRICALadjectiveUS /θiˈætrɪkəl/

of or relating to the theater

From this reading THEATRICAL DRUDGERY.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.

toadnounUS /toʊd/

any of various tailless stout-bodied amphibians with long hind limbs for leaping; semiaquatic and terrestrial species

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

topnounUS /tɑːp/

the upper part of anything

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

townsnounUS /taʊnz/

plural of “town” — an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.

uglyadjectiveUS /ˈʌɡli/

displeasing to the senses

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

usesnounUS /ˈjuːsəz/

plural of “use” — the act of using

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

venomousadjectiveUS /ˈvenəməs/

extremely poisonous or injurious; producing venom

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

WearsnounUS /werz/

plural of “wear” — impairment resulting from long use

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

WhichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading The fermentation of composition began again to work within his seething brain, and the daily demands of the Blackfriars spurred him on to emulate if not surpass Kyd, Lodge, Greene and Marlowe.

worksnounUS /wɜːrks/

buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading During the time Shakspere had been a strolling player through the middle towns of England he had studied the works of Ovid and Petrarch, and read with pleasure the sonnets and Arcadia of Sir Philip Sidney.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading _"Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which, like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in its head."_ Shakspere had now his foot firmly planted on the lower round of the ladder of fame, whose top leaned against the skies of immortality!

Chapter 8 of Shakspere, Personal Recollections by John A. (John Alexander) Joyce holds 49 sentences, grouped into 10 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Shakspere, Personal Recollections contain?

Chapter 8 holds 49 sentences of Shakspere, Personal Recollections, unabridged, divided into 10 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Shakspere, Personal Recollections by John A. (John Alexander) Joyce exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 49 sentences, grouped into 10 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Shakspere, Personal Recollections?

Work through the 10 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 10 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Shakspere, Personal Recollections

Common questions about reading Shakspere, Personal Recollections by John A. (John Alexander) Joyce on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Shakspere, Personal Recollections?

Yes. All 2251 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #20487 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Shakspere, Personal Recollections is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #20487, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Shakspere, Personal Recollections take to read?

About 187 minutes of reading across 451 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Shakspere, Personal Recollections section by section

How to work through Shakspere, Personal Recollections section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 20 chapters of Shakspere, Personal Recollections to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Shakspere, Personal Recollections

Words and structures a reader meets early in Shakspere, Personal Recollections, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shakspere, Personal Recollections; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Checkered
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shakspere, Personal Recollections; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Peculiar
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shakspere, Personal Recollections; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Poems
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shakspere, Personal Recollections; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.