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Shavings: A Novel
Shavings: A Novel

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Shavings: A Novel is here in full — 232 sentences across 47 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Shavings: A Novel
Context Illustration Reading 1/46 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
After this, having broken the ice, Jed, as Captain Sam Hunniwell might have expressed it, "kept the channel clear."
When he stopped at the kitchen door of his tenants' house he no longer invariably refused to come in and sit down.
When he inquired if Mrs. Armstrong had any errands to be done he also asked if there were any chores he might help out with.
When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.
During the process he whistled a little, sang a hymn or two, and talked with Barbara, who found the conversation a trifle unsatisfactory.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Shavings: A Novel

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Shavings: A Novel is here in full — 232 sentences across 47 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/46 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
After this, having broken the ice, Jed, as Captain Sam Hunniwell might have expressed it, "kept the channel clear."
Line 2
When he stopped at the kitchen door of his tenants' house he no longer invariably refused to come in and sit down.
/wen hiː stɑːpt æt ðə ˈkɪtʃən dɔːr ʌv hɪz ˈtenənts haʊs hiː noʊ ˈlɔːŋɡər ˌɪnˈveriəbli rəˈfjuːzd tuː kʌm ɪn ənd sɪt daʊn/
Line 3
When he inquired if Mrs. Armstrong had any errands to be done he also asked if there were any chores he might help out with.
/wen hiː ˌɪnˈkwaɪərd ɪf ˈmɪsɪz ˈɑːrmstrɑːŋ hæd ˈeni ˈerəndz tuː biː dʌn hiː ˈɔːlsoʊ æskt ɪf ðer wɜːr ˈeni tʃɔːrz hiː maɪt help aʊt wɪð/
Line 4
When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.
Line 5
During the process he whistled a little, sang a hymn or two, and talked with Barbara, who found the conversation a trifle unsatisfactory.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Armstrong noun US /ˈɑːrmstrɑːŋ/

United States astronaut; the first man to set foot on the Moon (July 20, 1969) (1930-)

From this reading “When he inquired if Mrs. Armstrong had any errands to be done he also asked if there were any chores he might help out with.”

chores noun US /tʃɔːrz/

plural of “chore” — a specific piece of work required to be done as a duty or for a specific fee

From this reading “When he inquired if Mrs. Armstrong had any errands to be done he also asked if there were any chores he might help out with.”

errands noun US /ˈerəndz/

plural of “errand” — a short trip that is taken in the performance of a necessary task or mission

From this reading “When he inquired if Mrs. Armstrong had any errands to be done he also asked if there were any chores he might help out with.”

refractory adjective US /rəˈfræktəri/

not responding to treatment

From this reading “When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.”

Seth noun US /seθ/

(Old Testament) third son of Adam and Eve; given by God in place of the murdered Abel

From this reading “When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.”

timepiece noun US /ˈtaɪmpiːs/

a measuring instrument or device for keeping time

From this reading “When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.”

unsatisfactory adjective US /ˌʌnsətɪˈsfæktəri/

not giving satisfaction

From this reading “During the process he whistled a little, sang a hymn or two, and talked with Barbara, who found the conversation a trifle unsatisfactory.”

Willard noun US /ˈwɪlərd/

United States advocate of temperance and women's suffrage (1839-1898)

From this reading “When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.”

All words in this reading · 99

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After this, having broken the ice, Jed, as Captain Sam Hunniwell might have expressed it, "kept the channel clear."

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading When he inquired if Mrs. Armstrong had any errands to be done he also asked if there were any chores he might help out with.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading When he stopped at the kitchen door of his tenants' house he no longer invariably refused to come in and sit down.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading When he inquired if Mrs. Armstrong had any errands to be done he also asked if there were any chores he might help out with.

apparentlyadverbUS /əˈperəntli/

from appearances alone

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

ArmstrongnounUS /ˈɑːrmstrɑːŋ/

United States astronaut; the first man to set foot on the Moon (July 20, 1969) (1930-)

From this reading When he inquired if Mrs. Armstrong had any errands to be done he also asked if there were any chores he might help out with.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading After this, having broken the ice, Jed, as Captain Sam Hunniwell might have expressed it, "kept the channel clear."

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading When he inquired if Mrs. Armstrong had any errands to be done he also asked if there were any chores he might help out with.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading When he stopped at the kitchen door of his tenants' house he no longer invariably refused to come in and sit down.

Barbara

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading During the process he whistled a little, sang a hymn or two, and talked with Barbara, who found the conversation a trifle unsatisfactory.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading When he inquired if Mrs. Armstrong had any errands to be done he also asked if there were any chores he might help out with.

brokenadjectiveUS /ˈbroʊkən/

physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split

From this reading After this, having broken the ice, Jed, as Captain Sam Hunniwell might have expressed it, "kept the channel clear."

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

CaptainnounUS /ˈkæptən/

an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading After this, having broken the ice, Jed, as Captain Sam Hunniwell might have expressed it, "kept the channel clear."

channelnounUS /ˈtʃænəl/

a path over which electrical signals can pass

From this reading After this, having broken the ice, Jed, as Captain Sam Hunniwell might have expressed it, "kept the channel clear."

choresnounUS /tʃɔːrz/

plural of “chore” — a specific piece of work required to be done as a duty or for a specific fee

From this reading When he inquired if Mrs. Armstrong had any errands to be done he also asked if there were any chores he might help out with.

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading After this, having broken the ice, Jed, as Captain Sam Hunniwell might have expressed it, "kept the channel clear."

clocknounUS /klɑːk/

a timepiece that shows the time of day

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading When he stopped at the kitchen door of his tenants' house he no longer invariably refused to come in and sit down.

conversationnounUS /ˌkɑːnvərˈseɪʃən/

the use of speech for informal exchange of views or ideas or information etc.

From this reading During the process he whistled a little, sang a hymn or two, and talked with Barbara, who found the conversation a trifle unsatisfactory.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading When he inquired if Mrs. Armstrong had any errands to be done he also asked if there were any chores he might help out with.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading When he stopped at the kitchen door of his tenants' house he no longer invariably refused to come in and sit down.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading When he stopped at the kitchen door of his tenants' house he no longer invariably refused to come in and sit down.

DuringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading During the process he whistled a little, sang a hymn or two, and talked with Barbara, who found the conversation a trifle unsatisfactory.

errandsnounUS /ˈerəndz/

plural of “errand” — a short trip that is taken in the performance of a necessary task or mission

From this reading When he inquired if Mrs. Armstrong had any errands to be done he also asked if there were any chores he might help out with.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

expressedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsprest/

communicated in words

From this reading After this, having broken the ice, Jed, as Captain Sam Hunniwell might have expressed it, "kept the channel clear."

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading During the process he whistled a little, sang a hymn or two, and talked with Barbara, who found the conversation a trifle unsatisfactory.

genuineadjectiveUS /ˈdʒenjəwən/

not fake or counterfeit

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading When he inquired if Mrs. Armstrong had any errands to be done he also asked if there were any chores he might help out with.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading After this, having broken the ice, Jed, as Captain Sam Hunniwell might have expressed it, "kept the channel clear."

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading After this, having broken the ice, Jed, as Captain Sam Hunniwell might have expressed it, "kept the channel clear."

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When he stopped at the kitchen door of his tenants' house he no longer invariably refused to come in and sit down.

helpverbUS /help/

give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading When he inquired if Mrs. Armstrong had any errands to be done he also asked if there were any chores he might help out with.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading When he stopped at the kitchen door of his tenants' house he no longer invariably refused to come in and sit down.

hournounUS /ˈaʊər/

a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading When he stopped at the kitchen door of his tenants' house he no longer invariably refused to come in and sit down.

hungverbUS /hʌŋ/

inflected form of “hang” — be suspended or hanging

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

Hunniwell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After this, having broken the ice, Jed, as Captain Sam Hunniwell might have expressed it, "kept the channel clear."

hymnnounUS /hɪm/

a song of praise (to God or to a saint or to a nation)

From this reading During the process he whistled a little, sang a hymn or two, and talked with Barbara, who found the conversation a trifle unsatisfactory.

icenounUS /aɪs/

water frozen in the solid state

From this reading After this, having broken the ice, Jed, as Captain Sam Hunniwell might have expressed it, "kept the channel clear."

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading When he inquired if Mrs. Armstrong had any errands to be done he also asked if there were any chores he might help out with.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading When he stopped at the kitchen door of his tenants' house he no longer invariably refused to come in and sit down.

inquiredverbUS /ˌɪnˈkwaɪərd/

past form of “inquire” — address a question to and expect an answer from

From this reading When he inquired if Mrs. Armstrong had any errands to be done he also asked if there were any chores he might help out with.

invariablyadverbUS /ˌɪnˈveriəbli/

without variation or change, in every case

From this reading When he stopped at the kitchen door of his tenants' house he no longer invariably refused to come in and sit down.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading After this, having broken the ice, Jed, as Captain Sam Hunniwell might have expressed it, "kept the channel clear."

jackleggin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

Jed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After this, having broken the ice, Jed, as Captain Sam Hunniwell might have expressed it, "kept the channel clear."

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading After this, having broken the ice, Jed, as Captain Sam Hunniwell might have expressed it, "kept the channel clear."

kitchennounUS /ˈkɪtʃən/

a room equipped for preparing meals

From this reading When he stopped at the kitchen door of his tenants' house he no longer invariably refused to come in and sit down.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading During the process he whistled a little, sang a hymn or two, and talked with Barbara, who found the conversation a trifle unsatisfactory.

living-roomnoun

a room in a private house or establishment where people can sit and talk and relax

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading When he stopped at the kitchen door of his tenants' house he no longer invariably refused to come in and sit down.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading After this, having broken the ice, Jed, as Captain Sam Hunniwell might have expressed it, "kept the channel clear."

MrsnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading When he inquired if Mrs. Armstrong had any errands to be done he also asked if there were any chores he might help out with.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading When he stopped at the kitchen door of his tenants' house he no longer invariably refused to come in and sit down.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading When he stopped at the kitchen door of his tenants' house he no longer invariably refused to come in and sit down.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading During the process he whistled a little, sang a hymn or two, and talked with Barbara, who found the conversation a trifle unsatisfactory.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading When he inquired if Mrs. Armstrong had any errands to be done he also asked if there were any chores he might help out with.

processverbUS /ˈprɑːses/

subject to a process or treatment, with the aim of readying for some purpose, improving, or remedying a condition

From this reading During the process he whistled a little, sang a hymn or two, and talked with Barbara, who found the conversation a trifle unsatisfactory.

putterin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

refractoryadjectiveUS /rəˈfræktəri/

not responding to treatment

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

refusedverbUS /rəˈfjuːzd/

past form of “refuse” — show unwillingness towards

From this reading When he stopped at the kitchen door of his tenants' house he no longer invariably refused to come in and sit down.

SamnounUS /sæm/

a guided missile fired from land or shipboard against an airborne target

From this reading After this, having broken the ice, Jed, as Captain Sam Hunniwell might have expressed it, "kept the channel clear."

sangnounUS /sæŋ/

North American woodland herb similar to and used as substitute for the Chinese ginseng

From this reading During the process he whistled a little, sang a hymn or two, and talked with Barbara, who found the conversation a trifle unsatisfactory.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

SethnounUS /seθ/

(Old Testament) third son of Adam and Eve; given by God in place of the murdered Abel

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

sitverbUS /sɪt/

be seated

From this reading When he stopped at the kitchen door of his tenants' house he no longer invariably refused to come in and sit down.

stoppedadjectiveUS /stɑːpt/

(of a nose) blocked

From this reading When he stopped at the kitchen door of his tenants' house he no longer invariably refused to come in and sit down.

talkedverbUS /tɔːkt/

past form of “talk” — exchange thoughts; talk with

From this reading During the process he whistled a little, sang a hymn or two, and talked with Barbara, who found the conversation a trifle unsatisfactory.

tenantsnounUS /ˈtenənts/

plural of “tenant” — someone who pays rent to use land or a building or a car that is owned by someone else

From this reading When he stopped at the kitchen door of his tenants' house he no longer invariably refused to come in and sit down.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading After this, having broken the ice, Jed, as Captain Sam Hunniwell might have expressed it, "kept the channel clear."

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading When he inquired if Mrs. Armstrong had any errands to be done he also asked if there were any chores he might help out with.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading After this, having broken the ice, Jed, as Captain Sam Hunniwell might have expressed it, "kept the channel clear."

timepiecenounUS /ˈtaɪmpiːs/

a measuring instrument or device for keeping time

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading When he stopped at the kitchen door of his tenants' house he no longer invariably refused to come in and sit down.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

triflenounUS /ˈtraɪfəl/

a cold pudding made of layers of sponge cake spread with fruit or jelly; may be decorated with nuts, cream, or chocolate

From this reading During the process he whistled a little, sang a hymn or two, and talked with Barbara, who found the conversation a trifle unsatisfactory.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading During the process he whistled a little, sang a hymn or two, and talked with Barbara, who found the conversation a trifle unsatisfactory.

unsatisfactoryadjectiveUS /ˌʌnsətɪˈsfæktəri/

not giving satisfaction

From this reading During the process he whistled a little, sang a hymn or two, and talked with Barbara, who found the conversation a trifle unsatisfactory.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

wallnounUS /wɔːl/

an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading When he inquired if Mrs. Armstrong had any errands to be done he also asked if there were any chores he might help out with.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When he stopped at the kitchen door of his tenants' house he no longer invariably refused to come in and sit down.

whistledverbUS /ˈwɪsəld/

past form of “whistle” — make whistling sounds

From this reading During the process he whistled a little, sang a hymn or two, and talked with Barbara, who found the conversation a trifle unsatisfactory.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading During the process he whistled a little, sang a hymn or two, and talked with Barbara, who found the conversation a trifle unsatisfactory.

WillardnounUS /ˈwɪlərd/

United States advocate of temperance and women's suffrage (1839-1898)

From this reading When the old clock--a genuine Seth Willard--on the wall of the living-room refused to go, he came in, sat down, took the refractory timepiece in his arms and, after an hour of what he called "putterin' and jackleggin'," hung it up again apparently in as good order as ever.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading When he inquired if Mrs. Armstrong had any errands to be done he also asked if there were any chores he might help out with.

Chapter 8 of Shavings: A Novel by Joseph Crosby Lincoln holds 232 sentences, grouped into 47 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Shavings: A Novel contain?

Chapter 8 holds 232 sentences of Shavings: A Novel, unabridged, divided into 47 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Shavings: A Novel by Joseph Crosby Lincoln exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 232 sentences, grouped into 47 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Shavings: A Novel?

Work through the 47 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 47 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Shavings: A Novel

Common questions about reading Shavings: A Novel by Joseph Crosby Lincoln on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Shavings: A Novel?

Yes. All 10043 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2452 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Shavings: A Novel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2452, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Shavings: A Novel take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2009 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Shavings: A Novel section by section

How to work through Shavings: A Novel section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Shavings: A Novel

Words and structures a reader meets early in Shavings: A Novel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Gabriel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shavings: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bearse
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shavings: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Happy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shavings: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Prominence
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shavings: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.