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Shibusawa
Shibusawa

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Shibusawa is here in full — 16 sentences across 4 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Shibusawa
Context Illustration Reading 1/3 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.
I am indebted to those who have preceded me in this field for much of my detail.
I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.
Without them it could not have been, and for its shortcomings I alone am responsible.
NOTE.--The superior figures throughout the text refer to the notes in the appendix.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Shibusawa

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Shibusawa is here in full — 16 sentences across 4 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/3 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.
Line 2
I am indebted to those who have preceded me in this field for much of my detail.
/aɪ æm ˌɪnˈdetɪd tuː ðoʊz huː hæv prɪˈsiːdɪd miː ɪn ðɪs fiːld fɔːr mʌtʃ ʌv maɪ dɪˈteɪl/
Line 3
I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.
Line 4
Without them it could not have been, and for its shortcomings I alone am responsible.
/wɪˈθaʊt ðem ɪt kʊd nɑːt hæv bɪn ənd fɔːr ɪts ˈʃɔːrtkʌmɪŋz aɪ əˈloʊn æm riˈspɑːnsəbəl/
Line 5
NOTE.--The superior figures throughout the text refer to the notes in the appendix.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

amply adverb US /ˈæmpli/

to an ample degree or in an ample manner

From this reading “G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.”

appendix noun US /əˈpendɪks/

supplementary material that is collected and appended at the back of a book

From this reading “NOTE.--The superior figures throughout the text refer to the notes in the appendix.”

contribute verb US /kənˈtrɪbjuːt/

bestow a quality on

From this reading “G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.”

humane adjective US /hjuːˈmeɪn/

pertaining to or concerned with the humanities

From this reading “G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.”

notably adverb US /ˈnoʊtəbli/

especially; in particular

From this reading “G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.”

presumptuous adjective US /prɪˈzʌmptʃəwəs/

excessively forward

From this reading “G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.”

progressive adjective US /prəˈɡresɪv/

favoring or promoting progress

From this reading “G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.”

shortcomings noun US /ˈʃɔːrtkʌmɪŋz/

plural of “shortcoming” — a failing or deficiency

From this reading “Without them it could not have been, and for its shortcomings I alone am responsible.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

some degree adjective + noun

In this reading “G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.”

All words in this reading · 102

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading Without them it could not have been, and for its shortcomings I alone am responsible.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading I am indebted to those who have preceded me in this field for much of my detail.

amplyadverbUS /ˈæmpli/

to an ample degree or in an ample manner

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.

appendixnounUS /əˈpendɪks/

supplementary material that is collected and appended at the back of a book

From this reading NOTE.--The superior figures throughout the text refer to the notes in the appendix.

assistancenounUS /əˈsɪstəns/

the activity of contributing to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose

From this reading I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.

attributedverbUS /əˈtrɪbjətɪd/

past form of “attribute” — attribute or credit to

From this reading I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Without them it could not have been, and for its shortcomings I alone am responsible.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

cheerfullyadverbUS /ˈtʃɪrfəli/

in a cheerful manner

From this reading I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.

contributeverbUS /kənˈtrɪbjuːt/

bestow a quality on

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Without them it could not have been, and for its shortcomings I alone am responsible.

degreenounUS /dɪˈɡriː/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

detailnounUS /dɪˈteɪl/

an isolated fact that is considered separately from the whole

From this reading I am indebted to those who have preceded me in this field for much of my detail.

developmentnounUS /dɪˈveləpmənt/

act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

feelverbUS /fiːl/

undergo an emotional sensation or be in a particular state of mind

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

fieldnounUS /fiːld/

a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed

From this reading I am indebted to those who have preceded me in this field for much of my detail.

figuresnounUS /ˈfɪɡjərz/

plural of “figure” — a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading NOTE.--The superior figures throughout the text refer to the notes in the appendix.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading I am indebted to those who have preceded me in this field for much of my detail.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.

GnounUS /dʒiː/

a metric unit of weight equal to one thousandth of a kilogram

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading I am indebted to those who have preceded me in this field for much of my detail.

holdverbUS /hoʊld/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

humaneadjectiveUS /hjuːˈmeɪn/

pertaining to or concerned with the humanities

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

indebtedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈdetɪd/

owing gratitude or recognition to another for help or favors etc

From this reading I am indebted to those who have preceded me in this field for much of my detail.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Without them it could not have been, and for its shortcomings I alone am responsible.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Without them it could not have been, and for its shortcomings I alone am responsible.

JapannounUS /dʒəˈpæn/

a string of more than 3,000 islands to the east of Asia extending 1,300 miles between the Sea of Japan and the western Pacific Ocean

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

JapanesenounUS /ˌdʒæpəˈniːz/

a native or inhabitant of Japan

From this reading I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.

Knickerbocker

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

lifetimenounUS /ˈlaɪftaɪm/

the period during which something is functional (as between birth and death)

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading I am indebted to those who have preceded me in this field for much of my detail.

meritnounUS /ˈmerət/

any admirable quality or attribute

From this reading I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.

moreoveradverbUS /mɔːˈroʊvər/

in addition to what has just been said

From this reading I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading I am indebted to those who have preceded me in this field for much of my detail.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading I am indebted to those who have preceded me in this field for much of my detail.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Without them it could not have been, and for its shortcomings I alone am responsible.

notablyadverbUS /ˈnoʊtəbli/

especially; in particular

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

NOTEnounUS /noʊt/

a brief written record

From this reading NOTE.--The superior figures throughout the text refer to the notes in the appendix.

notesnounUS /noʊts/

plural of “note” — a brief written record

From this reading NOTE.--The superior figures throughout the text refer to the notes in the appendix.

obtainingverbUS /əbˈteɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “obtain” — come into possession of

From this reading I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

originaladjectiveUS /ərˈɪdʒənəl/

preceding all others in time or being as first made or performed

From this reading I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.

PnounUS /piː/

a multivalent nonmetallic element of the nitrogen family that occurs commonly in inorganic phosphate rocks and as organic phosphates in all living cells; is highly reactive and occurs in several allotropic forms

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

pagesnounUS /ˈpeɪdʒəz/

plural of “page” — one side of one leaf (of a book or magazine or newspaper or letter etc.) or the written or pictorial matter it contains

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

possessverbUS /pəˈzes/

have as an attribute, knowledge, or skill

From this reading I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.

precededverbUS /prɪˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “precede” — be earlier in time; go back further

From this reading I am indebted to those who have preceded me in this field for much of my detail.

PressverbUS /pres/

exert pressure or force to or upon

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

presumptuousadjectiveUS /prɪˈzʌmptʃəwəs/

excessively forward

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

progressiveadjectiveUS /prəˈɡresɪv/

favoring or promoting progress

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

Putnam's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

referverbUS /rəˈfɜːr/

make reference to

From this reading NOTE.--The superior figures throughout the text refer to the notes in the appendix.

refinedadjectiveUS /rəˈfaɪnd/

(used of persons and their behavior) cultivated and genteel

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

renderedverbUS /ˈrendərd/

past form of “render” — cause to become

From this reading I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.

responsibleadjectiveUS /riˈspɑːnsəbəl/

worthy of or requiring responsibility or trust; or held accountable

From this reading Without them it could not have been, and for its shortcomings I alone am responsible.

rewardedverbUS /rɪˈwɔːrdɪd/

past form of “reward” — bestow honor or rewards upon

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

shortcomingsnounUS /ˈʃɔːrtkʌmɪŋz/

plural of “shortcoming” — a failing or deficiency

From this reading Without them it could not have been, and for its shortcomings I alone am responsible.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

SonsnounUS /sʌnz/

plural of “son” — a male human offspring

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

superioradjectiveUS /suːˈpɪriər/

of high or superior quality or performance

From this reading NOTE.--The superior figures throughout the text refer to the notes in the appendix.

talenounUS /teɪl/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.

textnounUS /tekst/

the words of something written

From this reading NOTE.--The superior figures throughout the text refer to the notes in the appendix.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Without them it could not have been, and for its shortcomings I alone am responsible.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading I am indebted to those who have preceded me in this field for much of my detail.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading I am indebted to those who have preceded me in this field for much of my detail.

throughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading NOTE.--The superior figures throughout the text refer to the notes in the appendix.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

towardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

understandverbUS /ˌʌndərˈstænd/

know and comprehend the nature or meaning of

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading I shall, moreover, always hold that to my Japanese friends and others, who so cheerfully rendered me assistance in obtaining original matter, should be attributed any merit which this tale of old Japan may possess.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading I am indebted to those who have preceded me in this field for much of my detail.

WithoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Without them it could not have been, and for its shortcomings I alone am responsible.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

YorknounUS /jɔːrk/

the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose

From this reading G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press To hope to understand in a few short years or even in a lifetime the development of the humane, refined, and notably progressive people of Japan would be presumptuous; yet, if I can in these pages contribute in some degree toward that end, I shall feel amply rewarded.

Chapter 1 of Shibusawa by I. William Adams holds 16 sentences, grouped into 4 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Shibusawa contain?

Chapter 1 holds 16 sentences of Shibusawa, unabridged, divided into 4 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Shibusawa by I. William Adams exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 16 sentences, grouped into 4 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Shibusawa?

Work through the 4 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 4 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Shibusawa

Common questions about reading Shibusawa by I. William Adams on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Shibusawa?

Yes. All 3230 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #60367 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Shibusawa is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #60367, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Shibusawa take to read?

About 269 minutes of reading across 646 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Shibusawa section by section

How to work through Shibusawa section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Shibusawa to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Shibusawa

Words and structures a reader meets early in Shibusawa, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Putnam's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shibusawa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shibusawa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Knickerbocker
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shibusawa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Press
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shibusawa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.