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Shibusawa
Shibusawa

Chapter XXXIV

Chapter 34 of Shibusawa is here in full — 65 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.
He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.
There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.
Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.
Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Shibusawa

Chapter XXXIV

Chapter 34 of Shibusawa is here in full — 65 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.
Line 2
He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.
Line 3
There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.
Line 4
Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.
/ˈruːmərz ˈkʌmɪŋ ɪn ˈdeɪli frʌm ðə saʊθ meɪd ɪt mɔːr ənd mɔːr əˈperənt ðæt ˈsuːnər ɔːr ˈleɪtər ə dɪˈtɜːrmənd rɪˈzɪstəns wʊd biː ˈɔːfərd tuː ðə ˈmændeɪts ʌv ðə ˈʃoʊɡən noʊ ˈmætər huː ðə ˌɪnˈkʌmbənt ɔːr wʌt ðə ˈpɜːrpɔːrt ʌv ðer ˈriːsənt ˈletər maɪt biː/
Line 5
Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

entail verb US /enˈteɪl/

have as a logical consequence

From this reading “There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.”

incumbent adjective US /ˌɪnˈkʌmbənt/

lying or leaning on something else

From this reading “Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.”

mandates noun US /ˈmændeɪts/

plural of “mandate” — a document giving an official instruction or command

From this reading “Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.”

needing verb US /ˈniːdɪŋ/

-ing form of “need” — require as useful, just, or proper

From this reading “There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.”

purport verb US /ˈpɜːrpɔːrt/

have the often specious appearance of being, intending, or claiming

From this reading “Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.”

samurai noun US /ˈsæmʊraɪ/

a Japanese warrior who was a member of the feudal military aristocracy

From this reading “MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.”

shogun noun US /ˈʃoʊɡən/

a hereditary military dictator of Japan; the shoguns ruled Japan until the revolution of 1867-68

From this reading “Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.”

unequivocal adjective US /ˌʌnɪˈkwɪvəkəl/

admitting of no doubt or misunderstanding; having only one meaning or interpretation and leading to only one conclusion

From this reading “Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

arduous duties adjective + noun counted as “arduous duty”

In this reading “MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.”

ardent lover adjective + noun

In this reading “There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.”

heroic effort adjective + noun

In this reading “Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.”

without further preposition + adverb

In this reading “MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.”

took pains verb + noun counted as “take pains”

try very hard to do something

In this reading “MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.”

private affair adjective + noun

In this reading “There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.”

other things adjective + noun

In this reading “There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.”

great sacrifice adjective + noun

In this reading “There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.”

All words in this reading · 135

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.

affairnounUS /əˈfer/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

apparentadjectiveUS /əˈperənt/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

ardentadjectiveUS /ˈɑːrdənt/

characterized by intense emotion

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

arduousadjectiveUS /ˈɑːrdʒuːəs/

characterized by effort to the point of exhaustion; especially physical effort

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

asideadverbUS /əˈsaɪd/

on or to one side

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.

blowverbUS /bloʊ/

exhale hard

From this reading He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.

busyadjectiveUS /ˈbɪzi/

actively or fully engaged or occupied

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

crowdingnounUS /ˈkraʊdɪŋ/

a situation in which people or things are crowded together

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

Daikomitsu

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

dailyadverbUS /ˈdeɪli/

every day; without missing a day

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

delayverbUS /dɪˈleɪ/

cause to be slowed down or delayed

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

determinedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜːrmənd/

characterized by great determination

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

devotedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvoʊtɪd/

zealous in devotion or affection

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.

dutiesnounUS /ˈduːtiz/

plural of “duty” — the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

effortnounUS /ˈefərt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

entailverbUS /enˈteɪl/

have as a logical consequence

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

extremelyadverbUS /ekˈstriːmli/

to a high degree or extent; favorably or with much respect

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

failurenounUS /ˈfeɪljər/

an act that fails

From this reading He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

fragmentsnounUS /ˈfræɡmənts/

plural of “fragment” — a piece broken off or cut off of something else

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

frankadjectiveUS /fræŋk/

characterized by directness in manner or speech; without subtlety or evasion

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

furtheradverbUS /ˈfɜːrðər/

to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (“further” is used more often than “farther” in this abstract sense)

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

gatherverbUS /ˈɡæðər/

assemble or get together

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.

heroicadjectiveUS /hɪˈroʊɪk/

very imposing or impressive; surpassing the ordinary (especially in size or scale)

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

Hitotsubashi

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

hopedverbUS /hoʊpt/

past form of “hope” — expect and wish

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

incumbentadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkʌmbənt/

lying or leaning on something else

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

Kinsan's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

lovernounUS /ˈlʌvər/

a person who loves someone or is loved by someone

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

mandatesnounUS /ˈmændeɪts/

plural of “mandate” — a document giving an official instruction or command

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

mattersnounUS /ˈmætərz/

plural of “matter” — a vaguely specified concern

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

meetverbUS /miːt/

come together

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

MOBILISING

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.

neededadjectiveUS /ˈniːdəd/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

needingverbUS /ˈniːdɪŋ/

-ing form of “need” — require as useful, just, or proper

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.

offeredverbUS /ˈɔːfərd/

past form of “offer” — make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

Okotsuba

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

painsnounUS /peɪnz/

an effortful attempt to attain a goal

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

preparedadjectiveUS /priˈperd/

made ready or fit or suitable beforehand

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.

privateadjectiveUS /ˈpraɪvət/

confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

punishmentnounUS /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/

the act of punishing

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

purportverbUS /ˈpɜːrpɔːrt/

have the often specious appearance of being, intending, or claiming

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

rapidlyadverbUS /ˈræpədli/

with speed

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

recentadjectiveUS /ˈriːsənt/

new

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

referencenounUS /ˈrefərəns/

a remark that calls attention to something or someone

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

resignationnounUS /ˌrezəɡˈneɪʃən/

acceptance of despair

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

resistancenounUS /rɪˈzɪstəns/

the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

restedadjectiveUS /ˈrestəd/

not tired; refreshed as by sleeping or relaxing

From this reading He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.

resultnounUS /rɪˈzʌlt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

RumoursnounUS /ˈruːmərz/

plural of “rumour” — gossip (usually a mixture of truth and untruth) passed around by word of mouth

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

sacrificenounUS /ˈsækrəfaɪs/

the act of losing or surrendering something as a penalty for a mistake or fault or failure to perform etc.

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

safeadjectiveUS /seɪf/

free from danger or the risk of harm

From this reading He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.

SAMURAInounUS /ˈsæmʊraɪ/

a Japanese warrior who was a member of the feudal military aristocracy

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

secretnounUS /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

severeadjectiveUS /səˈvɪr/

intensely or extremely bad or unpleasant in degree or quality

From this reading He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.

shogunnounUS /ˈʃoʊɡən/

a hereditary military dictator of Japan; the shoguns ruled Japan until the revolution of 1867-68

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

shogunatenoun

a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

sooneradverbUS /ˈsuːnər/

comparatives of “soon” or “early”

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

southnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

strengthnounUS /streŋkθ/

the property of being physically or mentally strong

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

Takara

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

Takara's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.

Tetsutaisho

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

thoughtsnounUS /θɔːts/

plural of “thought” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

unequivocaladjectiveUS /ˌʌnɪˈkwɪvəkəl/

admitting of no doubt or misunderstanding; having only one meaning or interpretation and leading to only one conclusion

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

urgentadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrdʒənt/

compelling immediate action

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

utiliseverb

put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading There were other things needing his attention more than a private affair, and as he had never been an extremely ardent lover it did not entail any great sacrifice on his part to put thoughts of Takara aside and busy himself with matters more urgent.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

wiseadjectiveUS /waɪz/

having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading MOBILISING THE SAMURAI Daikomitsu took pains to see for himself that Tetsutaisho had kept his word with reference to Kinsan's punishment, then without further attention devoted himself to the arduous duties rapidly crowding around him.

worryverbUS /ˈwɜːri/

be worried, concerned, anxious, troubled, or uneasy

From this reading He felt that Takara's secret rested safe for the present, therefore did not worry much about her, although the knowledge of her failure had been a severe blow to him.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Rumours coming in daily from the south made it more and more apparent that sooner or later a determined resistance would be offered to the mandates of the shogun, no matter who the incumbent or what the purport of their recent letter might be.

YetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Yet the shogunate had in no wise prepared to meet it, and the delay hoped for as a result of the frank and unequivocal resignation of Hitotsubashi was much needed by Daikomitsu and Okotsuba in making a last heroic effort to gather and utilise the fragments of their strength.

Chapter 34 of Shibusawa by I. William Adams holds 65 sentences, grouped into 13 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 34 of Shibusawa contain?

Chapter 34 holds 65 sentences of Shibusawa, unabridged, divided into 13 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 34 of Shibusawa by I. William Adams exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 65 sentences, grouped into 13 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 34 of Shibusawa?

Work through the 13 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 13 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 34 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 34 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Shibusawa

Common questions about reading Shibusawa by I. William Adams on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Shibusawa?

Yes. All 3230 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #60367 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Shibusawa is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #60367, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Shibusawa take to read?

About 269 minutes of reading across 646 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Shibusawa section by section

How to work through Shibusawa section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Shibusawa to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Shibusawa

Words and structures a reader meets early in Shibusawa, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Putnam's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shibusawa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shibusawa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Knickerbocker
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shibusawa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Press
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shibusawa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.