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Shibusawa
Shibusawa

Chapter XXXVIII

Chapter 38 of Shibusawa is here in full — 15 sentences across 3 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Shibusawa
Context Illustration Reading 1/3 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.
The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.
They slumbered, and only the slow tramp of the sentinel told of the visitation there encamped.
Shibusawa alone lingered; he could not sleep.
A new responsibility had taken hold of him, and his mind wandered into the mystic land of infinitude.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Shibusawa

Chapter XXXVIII

Chapter 38 of Shibusawa is here in full — 15 sentences across 3 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/3 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.
Line 2
The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.
Line 3
They slumbered, and only the slow tramp of the sentinel told of the visitation there encamped.
Line 4
Shibusawa alone lingered; he could not sleep.
Line 5
A new responsibility had taken hold of him, and his mind wandered into the mystic land of infinitude.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

armada noun US /ɑːrˈmɑːdə/

a large fleet

From this reading “THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.”

bivouac noun US /ˈbɪvwæk/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading “THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.”

encamped verb US /ɪnˈkæmpt/

past form of “encamp” — live in or as if in a tent

From this reading “They slumbered, and only the slow tramp of the sentinel told of the visitation there encamped.”

glassy adjective US /ˈɡlæsi/

resembling glass in smoothness and shininess and slickness

From this reading “The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.”

myriad noun US /ˈmɪriəd/

a large indefinite number

From this reading “THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.”

ripple noun US /ˈrɪpəl/

a small wave on the surface of a liquid

From this reading “The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.”

visitation noun US /ˌvɪzɪˈteɪʃən/

an annoying or frustrating or catastrophic event

From this reading “They slumbered, and only the slow tramp of the sentinel told of the visitation there encamped.”

waded verb US /ˈweɪdɪd/

past form of “wade” — walk (through relatively shallow water)

From this reading “THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

surrounding hills adjective + noun counted as “surrounding hill”

In this reading “The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.”

arrived at verb + particle counted as “arrive at”

reach a destination, either real or abstract

In this reading “THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.”

before midnight preposition + noun

In this reading “The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.”

wandered into verb + particle counted as “wander into”

In this reading “A new responsibility had taken hold of him, and his mind wandered into the mystic land of infinitude.”

in the morning preposition + article + noun counted as “in … morning”

In this reading “THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.”

hold of verb + particle

In this reading “A new responsibility had taken hold of him, and his mind wandered into the mystic land of infinitude.”

All words in this reading · 80

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading Shibusawa alone lingered; he could not sleep.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

armadanounUS /ɑːrˈmɑːdə/

a large fleet

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

banksnounUS /bæŋks/

English botanist who accompanied Captain Cook on his first voyage to the Pacific Ocean (1743-1820)

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

beachnounUS /biːtʃ/

an area of sand sloping down to the water of a sea or lake

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

BIVOUACnounUS /ˈbɪvwæk/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

bivouacked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

calmverbUS /kɑːm/

make calm or still

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Shibusawa alone lingered; he could not sleep.

eageradjectiveUS /ˈiːɡər/

having or showing keen interest or intense desire or impatient expectancy

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

encampedverbUS /ɪnˈkæmpt/

past form of “encamp” — live in or as if in a tent

From this reading They slumbered, and only the slow tramp of the sentinel told of the visitation there encamped.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

glassyadjectiveUS /ˈɡlæsi/

resembling glass in smoothness and shininess and slickness

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

Hakone

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Shibusawa alone lingered; he could not sleep.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading A new responsibility had taken hold of him, and his mind wandered into the mystic land of infinitude.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading A new responsibility had taken hold of him, and his mind wandered into the mystic land of infinitude.

holdverbUS /hoʊld/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading A new responsibility had taken hold of him, and his mind wandered into the mystic land of infinitude.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

infinitudenoun

an infinite quantity

From this reading A new responsibility had taken hold of him, and his mind wandered into the mystic land of infinitude.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading A new responsibility had taken hold of him, and his mind wandered into the mystic land of infinitude.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading A new responsibility had taken hold of him, and his mind wandered into the mystic land of infinitude.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

lingeredverbUS /ˈlɪŋɡərd/

past form of “linger” — remain present although waning or gradually dying

From this reading Shibusawa alone lingered; he could not sleep.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

lowadjectiveUS /loʊ/

less than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

midnightnounUS /ˈmɪdnaɪt/

12 o'clock at night; the middle of the night

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading A new responsibility had taken hold of him, and his mind wandered into the mystic land of infinitude.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

myriadnounUS /ˈmɪriəd/

a large indefinite number

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

mysticadjectiveUS /ˈmɪstɪk/

having an import not apparent to the senses nor obvious to the intelligence; beyond ordinary understanding

From this reading A new responsibility had taken hold of him, and his mind wandered into the mystic land of infinitude.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading A new responsibility had taken hold of him, and his mind wandered into the mystic land of infinitude.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Shibusawa alone lingered; he could not sleep.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading They slumbered, and only the slow tramp of the sentinel told of the visitation there encamped.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading They slumbered, and only the slow tramp of the sentinel told of the visitation there encamped.

plungedverbUS /plʌndʒd/

past form of “plunge” — thrust or throw into

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

responsibilitynounUS /riˌspɑːnsəˈbɪləti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading A new responsibility had taken hold of him, and his mind wandered into the mystic land of infinitude.

ripplenounUS /ˈrɪpəl/

a small wave on the surface of a liquid

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

sailsnounUS /seɪlz/

plural of “sail” — a large piece of fabric (usually canvas fabric) by means of which wind is used to propel a sailing vessel

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

sand-skirted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

sentinelnounUS /ˈsentənəl/

a person employed to keep watch for some anticipated event

From this reading They slumbered, and only the slow tramp of the sentinel told of the visitation there encamped.

Shibusawa

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shibusawa alone lingered; he could not sleep.

shorenounUS /ʃɔːr/

the land along the edge of a body of water

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

sleepnounUS /sliːp/

a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended

From this reading Shibusawa alone lingered; he could not sleep.

slopingadjectiveUS /ˈsloʊpɪŋ/

having an oblique or slanted direction

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

slowadjectiveUS /sloʊ/

not moving quickly; taking a comparatively long time

From this reading They slumbered, and only the slow tramp of the sentinel told of the visitation there encamped.

slumbered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They slumbered, and only the slow tramp of the sentinel told of the visitation there encamped.

soldiersnounUS /ˈsoʊldʒərz/

plural of “soldier” — an enlisted man or woman who serves in an army

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

stirringnounUS /ˈstɜːrɪŋ/

agitating a liquid with an implement

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

stretchedadjectiveUS /stretʃt/

(of muscles) relieved of stiffness by stretching

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

surfacenounUS /ˈsɜːrfəs/

the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

surroundingadjectiveUS /sərˈaʊndɪŋ/

closely encircling

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading A new responsibility had taken hold of him, and his mind wandered into the mystic land of infinitude.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading They slumbered, and only the slow tramp of the sentinel told of the visitation there encamped.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They slumbered, and only the slow tramp of the sentinel told of the visitation there encamped.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading They slumbered, and only the slow tramp of the sentinel told of the visitation there encamped.

towardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

trampnounUS /træmp/

a vagrant

From this reading They slumbered, and only the slow tramp of the sentinel told of the visitation there encamped.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

visitationnounUS /ˌvɪzɪˈteɪʃən/

an annoying or frustrating or catastrophic event

From this reading They slumbered, and only the slow tramp of the sentinel told of the visitation there encamped.

wadedverbUS /ˈweɪdɪd/

past form of “wade” — walk (through relatively shallow water)

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

wanderedverbUS /ˈwɑːndərd/

past form of “wander” — move about aimlessly or without any destination, often in search of food or employment

From this reading A new responsibility had taken hold of him, and his mind wandered into the mystic land of infinitude.

watersnounUS /ˈwɔːtərz/

United States actress and singer (1896-1977)

From this reading The waters lay calm--scarcely a ripple stirring their glassy surface--and long before midnight the soldiers had bivouacked upon the sloping banks far up toward the surrounding hills.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading THE BIVOUAC The armada arrived at Hakone early in the morning, and the myriad sails stretched for miles along the low, sand-skirted beach, while the eager men plunged and waded to the shore.

Chapter 38 of Shibusawa by I. William Adams holds 15 sentences, grouped into 3 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 38 of Shibusawa contain?

Chapter 38 holds 15 sentences of Shibusawa, unabridged, divided into 3 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 38 of Shibusawa by I. William Adams exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 15 sentences, grouped into 3 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 38 of Shibusawa?

Work through the 3 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 3 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 38 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 38 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Shibusawa

Common questions about reading Shibusawa by I. William Adams on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Shibusawa?

Yes. All 3230 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #60367 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Shibusawa is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #60367, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Shibusawa take to read?

About 269 minutes of reading across 646 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Shibusawa section by section

How to work through Shibusawa section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Shibusawa to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Shibusawa

Words and structures a reader meets early in Shibusawa, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Putnam's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shibusawa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shibusawa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Knickerbocker
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shibusawa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Press
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shibusawa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.