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Shifting For Himself
Shifting For Himself

Chapter XXIII

Chapter 23 of Shifting For Himself is here in full — 108 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Shifting For Himself
Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE LITTLE FLOWER-GIRL.
Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.
He felt himself fortunate, however, in one respect; he was subjected to no privations, having his board and lodging paid by his guardian.
Had Mr. Briggs suspected him, he was proud enough to have left his boarding-place, and relied upon his own exertions.
From the force of habit, and partly to fill up his time, Gilbert continued to go down-town daily.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Shifting For Himself

Chapter XXIII

Chapter 23 of Shifting For Himself is here in full — 108 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE LITTLE FLOWER-GIRL.
Line 2
Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.
/ˈɡɪlbərt faʊnd ɪt ˈveri ˈɜːrksəm tuː biː wɪˈθaʊt emˈplɔɪmənt bɪˈsaɪdz hiː wɑːz ˈæŋkʃəs tuː biː ˈvɪndəkeɪtɪd æz suːn æz ˈpɑːsəbəl frʌm ðə məˈlɪʃəs tʃɑːrdʒ wɪtʃ hæd bɪn meɪd əˈɡenst hɪm/
Line 3
He felt himself fortunate, however, in one respect; he was subjected to no privations, having his board and lodging paid by his guardian.
/hiː felt hɪmˈself ˈfɔːrtʃənət ˌhaʊˈevər ɪn wʌn rɪˈspekt hiː wɑːz səbˈdʒektɪd tuː noʊ praɪˈveɪʃənz ˈhævɪŋ hɪz bɔːrd ənd ˈlɑːdʒɪŋ peɪd baɪ hɪz ˈɡɑːrdiən/
Line 4
Had Mr. Briggs suspected him, he was proud enough to have left his boarding-place, and relied upon his own exertions.
Line 5
From the force of habit, and partly to fill up his time, Gilbert continued to go down-town daily.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

exertions noun US /ɪɡˈzɜːrʃənz/

plural of “exertion” — use of physical or mental energy; hard work

From this reading “Had Mr. Briggs suspected him, he was proud enough to have left his boarding-place, and relied upon his own exertions.”

irksome adjective US /ˈɜːrksəm/

so lacking in interest as to cause mental weariness

From this reading “Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.”

lodging noun US /ˈlɑːdʒɪŋ/

structures collectively in which people are housed

From this reading “He felt himself fortunate, however, in one respect; he was subjected to no privations, having his board and lodging paid by his guardian.”

malicious adjective US /məˈlɪʃəs/

having the nature of or resulting from malice

From this reading “Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.”

privations noun US /praɪˈveɪʃənz/

plural of “privation” — a state of extreme poverty

From this reading “He felt himself fortunate, however, in one respect; he was subjected to no privations, having his board and lodging paid by his guardian.”

relied verb US /rɪˈlaɪd/

inflected form of “rely” — have faith or confidence in

From this reading “Had Mr. Briggs suspected him, he was proud enough to have left his boarding-place, and relied upon his own exertions.”

subjected verb US /səbˈdʒektɪd/

past form of “subject” — cause to experience or suffer or make liable or vulnerable to

From this reading “He felt himself fortunate, however, in one respect; he was subjected to no privations, having his board and lodging paid by his guardian.”

vindicated adjective US /ˈvɪndəkeɪtɪd/

freed from any question of guilt

From this reading “Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

relied upon verb + particle counted as “rely upon”

put trust in with confidence

In this reading “Had Mr. Briggs suspected him, he was proud enough to have left his boarding-place, and relied upon his own exertions.”

fill up verb + adjective

make full, also in a metaphorical sense

In this reading “From the force of habit, and partly to fill up his time, Gilbert continued to go down-town daily.”

own exertions verb + noun counted as “own exertion”

In this reading “Had Mr. Briggs suspected him, he was proud enough to have left his boarding-place, and relied upon his own exertions.”

All words in this reading · 70

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He felt himself fortunate, however, in one respect; he was subjected to no privations, having his board and lodging paid by his guardian.

anxiousadjectiveUS /ˈæŋkʃəs/

eagerly desirous

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

besidesprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪdz/

in addition to; as well as

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

boardnounUS /bɔːrd/

a committee having supervisory powers

From this reading He felt himself fortunate, however, in one respect; he was subjected to no privations, having his board and lodging paid by his guardian.

boarding-place

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Had Mr. Briggs suspected him, he was proud enough to have left his boarding-place, and relied upon his own exertions.

Briggs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Had Mr. Briggs suspected him, he was proud enough to have left his boarding-place, and relied upon his own exertions.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He felt himself fortunate, however, in one respect; he was subjected to no privations, having his board and lodging paid by his guardian.

chargeverbUS /tʃɑːrdʒ/

to make a rush at or sudden attack upon, as in battle

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading From the force of habit, and partly to fill up his time, Gilbert continued to go down-town daily.

dailyadverbUS /ˈdeɪli/

every day; without missing a day

From this reading From the force of habit, and partly to fill up his time, Gilbert continued to go down-town daily.

down-town

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From the force of habit, and partly to fill up his time, Gilbert continued to go down-town daily.

employmentnounUS /emˈplɔɪmənt/

the state of being employed or having a job

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading Had Mr. Briggs suspected him, he was proud enough to have left his boarding-place, and relied upon his own exertions.

exertionsnounUS /ɪɡˈzɜːrʃənz/

plural of “exertion” — use of physical or mental energy; hard work

From this reading Had Mr. Briggs suspected him, he was proud enough to have left his boarding-place, and relied upon his own exertions.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading He felt himself fortunate, however, in one respect; he was subjected to no privations, having his board and lodging paid by his guardian.

fillverbUS /fɪl/

make full, also in a metaphorical sense

From this reading From the force of habit, and partly to fill up his time, Gilbert continued to go down-town daily.

FLOWER-GIRL

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE LITTLE FLOWER-GIRL.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading From the force of habit, and partly to fill up his time, Gilbert continued to go down-town daily.

fortunateadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrtʃənət/

having unexpected good fortune

From this reading He felt himself fortunate, however, in one respect; he was subjected to no privations, having his board and lodging paid by his guardian.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

GilbertnounUS /ˈɡɪlbərt/

a unit of magnetomotive force equal to 0.7958 ampere-turns

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading From the force of habit, and partly to fill up his time, Gilbert continued to go down-town daily.

guardiannounUS /ˈɡɑːrdiən/

a person who cares for persons or property

From this reading He felt himself fortunate, however, in one respect; he was subjected to no privations, having his board and lodging paid by his guardian.

habitnounUS /ˈhæbət/

an established custom

From this reading From the force of habit, and partly to fill up his time, Gilbert continued to go down-town daily.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Had Mr. Briggs suspected him, he was proud enough to have left his boarding-place, and relied upon his own exertions.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading He felt himself fortunate, however, in one respect; he was subjected to no privations, having his board and lodging paid by his guardian.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He felt himself fortunate, however, in one respect; he was subjected to no privations, having his board and lodging paid by his guardian.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He felt himself fortunate, however, in one respect; he was subjected to no privations, having his board and lodging paid by his guardian.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading He felt himself fortunate, however, in one respect; he was subjected to no privations, having his board and lodging paid by his guardian.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He felt himself fortunate, however, in one respect; he was subjected to no privations, having his board and lodging paid by his guardian.

irksomeadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrksəm/

so lacking in interest as to cause mental weariness

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Had Mr. Briggs suspected him, he was proud enough to have left his boarding-place, and relied upon his own exertions.

LITTLEadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading THE LITTLE FLOWER-GIRL.

lodgingnounUS /ˈlɑːdʒɪŋ/

structures collectively in which people are housed

From this reading He felt himself fortunate, however, in one respect; he was subjected to no privations, having his board and lodging paid by his guardian.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

maliciousadjectiveUS /məˈlɪʃəs/

having the nature of or resulting from malice

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Had Mr. Briggs suspected him, he was proud enough to have left his boarding-place, and relied upon his own exertions.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading He felt himself fortunate, however, in one respect; he was subjected to no privations, having his board and lodging paid by his guardian.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading From the force of habit, and partly to fill up his time, Gilbert continued to go down-town daily.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading He felt himself fortunate, however, in one respect; he was subjected to no privations, having his board and lodging paid by his guardian.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Had Mr. Briggs suspected him, he was proud enough to have left his boarding-place, and relied upon his own exertions.

paidadjectiveUS /peɪd/

marked by the reception of pay

From this reading He felt himself fortunate, however, in one respect; he was subjected to no privations, having his board and lodging paid by his guardian.

partlyadverbUS /ˈpɑːrtli/

to some extent; in some degree; not wholly

From this reading From the force of habit, and partly to fill up his time, Gilbert continued to go down-town daily.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

privationsnounUS /praɪˈveɪʃənz/

plural of “privation” — a state of extreme poverty

From this reading He felt himself fortunate, however, in one respect; he was subjected to no privations, having his board and lodging paid by his guardian.

proudadjectiveUS /praʊd/

feeling self-respect or pleasure in something by which you measure your self-worth; or being a reason for pride

From this reading Had Mr. Briggs suspected him, he was proud enough to have left his boarding-place, and relied upon his own exertions.

reliedverbUS /rɪˈlaɪd/

inflected form of “rely” — have faith or confidence in

From this reading Had Mr. Briggs suspected him, he was proud enough to have left his boarding-place, and relied upon his own exertions.

respectnounUS /rɪˈspekt/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading He felt himself fortunate, however, in one respect; he was subjected to no privations, having his board and lodging paid by his guardian.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

subjectedverbUS /səbˈdʒektɪd/

past form of “subject” — cause to experience or suffer or make liable or vulnerable to

From this reading He felt himself fortunate, however, in one respect; he was subjected to no privations, having his board and lodging paid by his guardian.

suspectedadjectiveUS /səˈspektɪd/

believed likely

From this reading Had Mr. Briggs suspected him, he was proud enough to have left his boarding-place, and relied upon his own exertions.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE LITTLE FLOWER-GIRL.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading From the force of habit, and partly to fill up his time, Gilbert continued to go down-town daily.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading From the force of habit, and partly to fill up his time, Gilbert continued to go down-town daily.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Had Mr. Briggs suspected him, he was proud enough to have left his boarding-place, and relied upon his own exertions.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

vindicatedadjectiveUS /ˈvɪndəkeɪtɪd/

freed from any question of guilt

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Gilbert found it very irksome to be without employment; besides, he was anxious to be vindicated as soon as possible from the malicious charge which had been made against him.

Chapter 23 of Shifting For Himself by Horatio, Jr. Alger holds 108 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 23 of Shifting For Himself contain?

Chapter 23 holds 108 sentences of Shifting For Himself, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 23 of Shifting For Himself by Horatio, Jr. Alger exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 108 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 23 of Shifting For Himself?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 23 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 23 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Shifting For Himself

Common questions about reading Shifting For Himself by Horatio, Jr. Alger on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Shifting For Himself?

Yes. All 4606 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #55598 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Shifting For Himself is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #55598, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Shifting For Himself take to read?

About 383 minutes of reading across 922 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Shifting For Himself section by section

How to work through Shifting For Himself section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Shifting For Himself

Words and structures a reader meets early in Shifting For Himself, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

School-fellows
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shifting For Himself; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Burton
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shifting For Himself; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Boarding-school
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shifting For Himself; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ferment
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shifting For Himself; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.