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Shifting For Himself
Shifting For Himself

Chapter XXVII

Chapter 27 of Shifting For Himself is here in full — 73 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Shifting For Himself
Context Illustration Reading 1/14 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
HARD UP.
A street boy, accustomed to live from hand to mouth, would not have been disconcerted on finding himself in Gilbert’s circumstances.
But this was our hero’s first experience of debt which he was unable to pay, and it troubled him.
He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.
His room-mate noticed this, and spoke of it when they had gone up to their room together.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Shifting For Himself

Chapter XXVII

Chapter 27 of Shifting For Himself is here in full — 73 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/14 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
HARD UP.
/hɑːrd ʌp/
Line 2
A street boy, accustomed to live from hand to mouth, would not have been disconcerted on finding himself in Gilbert’s circumstances.
Line 3
But this was our hero’s first experience of debt which he was unable to pay, and it troubled him.
/bʌt ðɪs wɑːz ˈaʊər ˈhɪroʊz fɜːrst ɪkˈspɪriəns ʌv det wɪtʃ hiː wɑːz əˈneɪbəl tuː peɪ ənd ɪt ˈtrʌbəld hɪm/
Line 4
He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.
Line 5
His room-mate noticed this, and spoke of it when they had gone up to their room together.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

appetite noun US /ˈæpətaɪt/

a feeling of craving something

From this reading “He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.”

debt noun US /det/

the state of owing something (especially money)

From this reading “But this was our hero’s first experience of debt which he was unable to pay, and it troubled him.”

embarrassed adjective US /ɪmˈberəst/

feeling or caused to feel ill at ease or self-conscious or ashamed

From this reading “He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.”

Gilbert's noun US /ˈɡɪlbərts/

possessive form of “gilbert” — a unit of magnetomotive force equal to 0.7958 ampere-turns

hero's noun US /ˈhɪroʊz/

possessive form of “hero” — a man distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength

interfered verb US /ˌɪntərˈfɪrd/

past form of “interfere” — come between so as to be hindrance or obstacle

From this reading “He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.”

reserved adjective US /rɪˈzɜːrvd/

set aside for the use of a particular person or party

From this reading “He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.”

unusually adverb US /əˈnjuːʒuːəli/

to a remarkable degree or extent

From this reading “He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

unusually silent adverb + adjective

In this reading “He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.”

interfered with verb + particle counted as “interfere with”

In this reading “He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.”

felt embarrassed verb + adjective

In this reading “He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A street boy, accustomed to live from hand to mouth, would not have been disconcerted on finding himself in Gilbert’s circumstances.

accustomedadjectiveUS /əˈkʌstəmd/

commonly used or practiced; usual

From this reading A street boy, accustomed to live from hand to mouth, would not have been disconcerted on finding himself in Gilbert’s circumstances.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading But this was our hero’s first experience of debt which he was unable to pay, and it troubled him.

appetitenounUS /ˈæpətaɪt/

a feeling of craving something

From this reading He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading A street boy, accustomed to live from hand to mouth, would not have been disconcerted on finding himself in Gilbert’s circumstances.

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading A street boy, accustomed to live from hand to mouth, would not have been disconcerted on finding himself in Gilbert’s circumstances.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But this was our hero’s first experience of debt which he was unable to pay, and it troubled him.

circumstancesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz/

your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

From this reading A street boy, accustomed to live from hand to mouth, would not have been disconcerted on finding himself in Gilbert’s circumstances.

debtnounUS /det/

the state of owing something (especially money)

From this reading But this was our hero’s first experience of debt which he was unable to pay, and it troubled him.

dinner-table

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.

disconcertedadjective

having self-possession upset; thrown into confusion

From this reading A street boy, accustomed to live from hand to mouth, would not have been disconcerted on finding himself in Gilbert’s circumstances.

eatingnounUS /ˈiːtɪŋ/

the act of consuming food

From this reading He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.

embarrassedadjectiveUS /ɪmˈberəst/

feeling or caused to feel ill at ease or self-conscious or ashamed

From this reading He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.

experienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading But this was our hero’s first experience of debt which he was unable to pay, and it troubled him.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.

findingnounUS /ˈfaɪndɪŋ/

the act of determining the properties of something, usually by research or calculation

From this reading A street boy, accustomed to live from hand to mouth, would not have been disconcerted on finding himself in Gilbert’s circumstances.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading But this was our hero’s first experience of debt which he was unable to pay, and it troubled him.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading A street boy, accustomed to live from hand to mouth, would not have been disconcerted on finding himself in Gilbert’s circumstances.

Gilbert'snounUS /ˈɡɪlbərts/

possessive form of “gilbert” — a unit of magnetomotive force equal to 0.7958 ampere-turns

From this reading A street boy, accustomed to live from hand to mouth, would not have been disconcerted on finding himself in Gilbert’s circumstances.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading His room-mate noticed this, and spoke of it when they had gone up to their room together.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading A street boy, accustomed to live from hand to mouth, would not have been disconcerted on finding himself in Gilbert’s circumstances.

HARDadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading HARD UP.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading A street boy, accustomed to live from hand to mouth, would not have been disconcerted on finding himself in Gilbert’s circumstances.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But this was our hero’s first experience of debt which he was unable to pay, and it troubled him.

hero'snounUS /ˈhɪroʊz/

possessive form of “hero” — a man distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength

From this reading But this was our hero’s first experience of debt which he was unable to pay, and it troubled him.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading But this was our hero’s first experience of debt which he was unable to pay, and it troubled him.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading A street boy, accustomed to live from hand to mouth, would not have been disconcerted on finding himself in Gilbert’s circumstances.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A street boy, accustomed to live from hand to mouth, would not have been disconcerted on finding himself in Gilbert’s circumstances.

interferedverbUS /ˌɪntərˈfɪrd/

past form of “interfere” — come between so as to be hindrance or obstacle

From this reading He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But this was our hero’s first experience of debt which he was unable to pay, and it troubled him.

knowingadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊɪŋ/

evidencing the possession of inside information

From this reading He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.

liveverbUS /laɪv/

be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading A street boy, accustomed to live from hand to mouth, would not have been disconcerted on finding himself in Gilbert’s circumstances.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.

mealnounUS /miːl/

the food served and eaten at one time

From this reading He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.

mouthnounUS /maʊθ/

the opening through which food is taken in and vocalizations emerge

From this reading A street boy, accustomed to live from hand to mouth, would not have been disconcerted on finding himself in Gilbert’s circumstances.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading A street boy, accustomed to live from hand to mouth, would not have been disconcerted on finding himself in Gilbert’s circumstances.

noticedadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊtəst/

being perceived or observed

From this reading His room-mate noticed this, and spoke of it when they had gone up to their room together.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading But this was our hero’s first experience of debt which he was unable to pay, and it troubled him.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading A street boy, accustomed to live from hand to mouth, would not have been disconcerted on finding himself in Gilbert’s circumstances.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading But this was our hero’s first experience of debt which he was unable to pay, and it troubled him.

payverbUS /peɪ/

give money, usually in exchange for goods or services

From this reading But this was our hero’s first experience of debt which he was unable to pay, and it troubled him.

payingadjectiveUS /ˈpeɪɪŋ/

yielding a fair profit

From this reading He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.

reservedadjectiveUS /rɪˈzɜːrvd/

set aside for the use of a particular person or party

From this reading He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading His room-mate noticed this, and spoke of it when they had gone up to their room together.

room-mate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His room-mate noticed this, and spoke of it when they had gone up to their room together.

silentadjectiveUS /ˈsaɪlənt/

marked by absence of sound

From this reading He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.

spokenounUS /spoʊk/

support consisting of a radial member of a wheel joining the hub to the rim

From this reading His room-mate noticed this, and spoke of it when they had gone up to their room together.

streetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading A street boy, accustomed to live from hand to mouth, would not have been disconcerted on finding himself in Gilbert’s circumstances.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading His room-mate noticed this, and spoke of it when they had gone up to their room together.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading His room-mate noticed this, and spoke of it when they had gone up to their room together.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading But this was our hero’s first experience of debt which he was unable to pay, and it troubled him.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A street boy, accustomed to live from hand to mouth, would not have been disconcerted on finding himself in Gilbert’s circumstances.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading His room-mate noticed this, and spoke of it when they had gone up to their room together.

troubledadjectiveUS /ˈtrʌbəld/

characterized by or indicative of distress or affliction or danger or need

From this reading But this was our hero’s first experience of debt which he was unable to pay, and it troubled him.

unableadjectiveUS /əˈneɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) not having the necessary means or skill or know-how

From this reading But this was our hero’s first experience of debt which he was unable to pay, and it troubled him.

unusuallyadverbUS /əˈnjuːʒuːəli/

to a remarkable degree or extent

From this reading He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.

UPadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading HARD UP.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But this was our hero’s first experience of debt which he was unable to pay, and it troubled him.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading His room-mate noticed this, and spoke of it when they had gone up to their room together.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading But this was our hero’s first experience of debt which he was unable to pay, and it troubled him.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He felt embarrassed at the dinner-table, knowing that he was eating a meal for which he had not the means of paying; and this thought not only interfered with his appetite, but made him unusually silent and reserved.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading A street boy, accustomed to live from hand to mouth, would not have been disconcerted on finding himself in Gilbert’s circumstances.

Chapter 27 of Shifting For Himself by Horatio, Jr. Alger holds 73 sentences, grouped into 15 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 27 of Shifting For Himself contain?

Chapter 27 holds 73 sentences of Shifting For Himself, unabridged, divided into 15 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 27 of Shifting For Himself by Horatio, Jr. Alger exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 73 sentences, grouped into 15 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 27 of Shifting For Himself?

Work through the 15 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 15 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 27 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 27 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Shifting For Himself

Common questions about reading Shifting For Himself by Horatio, Jr. Alger on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Shifting For Himself?

Yes. All 4606 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #55598 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Shifting For Himself is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #55598, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Shifting For Himself take to read?

About 383 minutes of reading across 922 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Shifting For Himself section by section

How to work through Shifting For Himself section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of Shifting For Himself to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Shifting For Himself

Words and structures a reader meets early in Shifting For Himself, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

School-fellows
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shifting For Himself; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Burton
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shifting For Himself; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Boarding-school
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shifting For Himself; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ferment
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shifting For Himself; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.