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Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration
Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration is here in full — 896 sentences across 180 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration
Context Illustration Reading 1/179 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
BOATS, RAFTS, AND MAKE-SHIFT FLOATS.
{Stopping leaky boats.} In traversing wild countries, or examining their coasts, lakes, or rivers, boats of some kind are indispensably necessary.
The traveller may, perhaps, be fortunate enough to possess one or more sound and seaworthy.
More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.
If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration is here in full — 896 sentences across 180 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/179 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
BOATS, RAFTS, AND MAKE-SHIFT FLOATS.
Line 2
{Stopping leaky boats.} In traversing wild countries, or examining their coasts, lakes, or rivers, boats of some kind are indispensably necessary.
Line 3
The traveller may, perhaps, be fortunate enough to possess one or more sound and seaworthy.
/ðə ˈtrævələr meɪ pərˈhæps biː ˈfɔːrtʃənət ɪˈnʌf tuː pəˈzes wʌn ɔːr mɔːr saʊnd ənd ˈsiːwɔːrði/
Line 4
More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.
Line 5
If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

entrust verb US /enˈtrʌst/

confer a trust upon

From this reading “More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.”

failings noun US /ˈfeɪlɪŋz/

plural of “failing” — a flaw or weak point

From this reading “More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.”

leaky adjective US /ˈliːki/

permitting the unwanted passage of fluids or gases

From this reading “{Stopping leaky boats.} In traversing wild countries, or examining their coasts, lakes, or rivers, boats of some kind are indispensably necessary.”

rafts noun US /ræfts/

a large number or amount

From this reading “BOATS, RAFTS, AND MAKE-SHIFT FLOATS.”

seaworthy adjective US /ˈsiːwɔːrði/

fit for a sea voyage

From this reading “The traveller may, perhaps, be fortunate enough to possess one or more sound and seaworthy.”

shortcomings noun US /ˈʃɔːrtkʌmɪŋz/

plural of “shortcoming” — a failing or deficiency

From this reading “More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.”

traversing verb US /trəˈvɜːrsɪŋ/

-ing form of “traverse” — travel across or pass over

From this reading “{Stopping leaky boats.} In traversing wild countries, or examining their coasts, lakes, or rivers, boats of some kind are indispensably necessary.”

unstable adjective US /ənˈsteɪbəl/

lacking stability or fixity or firmness

From this reading “More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

fortunate enough adjective + noun

In this reading “The traveller may, perhaps, be fortunate enough to possess one or more sound and seaworthy.”

contend with verb + particle

In this reading “More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.”

above the water preposition + article + noun counted as “above … water”

In this reading “If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.”

in order preposition + noun

in a state of proper readiness or preparation or arrangement

In this reading “More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.”

ordinary means noun + noun

In this reading “If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.”

wild countries adjective + noun counted as “wild country”

In this reading “{Stopping leaky boats.} In traversing wild countries, or examining their coasts, lakes, or rivers, boats of some kind are indispensably necessary.”

All words in this reading · 103

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading BOATS, RAFTS, AND MAKE-SHIFT FLOATS.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading {Stopping leaky boats.} In traversing wild countries, or examining their coasts, lakes, or rivers, boats of some kind are indispensably necessary.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The traveller may, perhaps, be fortunate enough to possess one or more sound and seaworthy.

boatnounUS /boʊt/

a small vessel for travel on water

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

BOATSnounUS /boʊts/

plural of “boat” — a small vessel for travel on water

From this reading BOATS, RAFTS, AND MAKE-SHIFT FLOATS.

bottomnounUS /ˈbɑːtəm/

the lower side of anything

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

canoenounUS /kəˈnuː/

small and light boat; pointed at both ends; propelled with a paddle

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

canvasnounUS /ˈkænvəs/

a heavy, closely woven fabric (used for clothing or chairs or sails or tents)

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

certainlyadverbUS /ˈsɜːrtənli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

coastsnounUS /koʊsts/

plural of “coast” — the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading {Stopping leaky boats.} In traversing wild countries, or examining their coasts, lakes, or rivers, boats of some kind are indispensably necessary.

contendverbUS /kənˈtend/

maintain or assert

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

countriesnounUS /ˈkʌntriz/

plural of “country” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading {Stopping leaky boats.} In traversing wild countries, or examining their coasts, lakes, or rivers, boats of some kind are indispensably necessary.

coververbUS /ˈkʌvər/

provide with a covering or cause to be covered

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

craftnounUS /kræft/

the skilled practice of a practical occupation

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

crankverbUS /kræŋk/

travel along a zigzag path

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

discoververbUS /dɪˈskʌvər/

discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading The traveller may, perhaps, be fortunate enough to possess one or more sound and seaworthy.

entrustverbUS /enˈtrʌst/

confer a trust upon

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

equipmentnounUS /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/

an instrumentality needed for an undertaking or to perform a service

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

examiningverbUS /ɪɡˈzæmɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “examine” — consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning

From this reading {Stopping leaky boats.} In traversing wild countries, or examining their coasts, lakes, or rivers, boats of some kind are indispensably necessary.

exercisedverbUS /ˈeksərsaɪzd/

past form of “exercise” — put to use

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

externaladjectiveUS /ɪkˈstɜːrnəl/

happening or arising or located outside or beyond some limits or especially surface

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

failingsnounUS /ˈfeɪlɪŋz/

plural of “failing” — a flaw or weak point

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

FLOATSnounUS /floʊts/

plural of “float” — the time interval between the deposit of a check in a bank and its payment

From this reading BOATS, RAFTS, AND MAKE-SHIFT FLOATS.

fortunateadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrtʃənət/

having unexpected good fortune

From this reading The traveller may, perhaps, be fortunate enough to possess one or more sound and seaworthy.

frequentlyadverbUS /ˈfriːkwəntli/

many times at short intervals

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading {Stopping leaky boats.} In traversing wild countries, or examining their coasts, lakes, or rivers, boats of some kind are indispensably necessary.

indispensably

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading {Stopping leaky boats.} In traversing wild countries, or examining their coasts, lakes, or rivers, boats of some kind are indispensably necessary.

ingenuitynounUS /ˌɪndʒəˈnuːətiː/

the power of creative imagination

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

injurynounUS /ˈɪndʒəri/

any physical damage to the body caused by violence or accident or fracture etc.

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading {Stopping leaky boats.} In traversing wild countries, or examining their coasts, lakes, or rivers, boats of some kind are indispensably necessary.

lakesnounUS /leɪks/

plural of “lake” — a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land

From this reading {Stopping leaky boats.} In traversing wild countries, or examining their coasts, lakes, or rivers, boats of some kind are indispensably necessary.

leakyadjectiveUS /ˈliːki/

permitting the unwanted passage of fluids or gases

From this reading {Stopping leaky boats.} In traversing wild countries, or examining their coasts, lakes, or rivers, boats of some kind are indispensably necessary.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

lotnounUS /lɑːt/

(often followed by “of”) a large number or amount or extent

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

MAKE-SHIFT

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BOATS, RAFTS, AND MAKE-SHIFT FLOATS.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading The traveller may, perhaps, be fortunate enough to possess one or more sound and seaworthy.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The traveller may, perhaps, be fortunate enough to possess one or more sound and seaworthy.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading {Stopping leaky boats.} In traversing wild countries, or examining their coasts, lakes, or rivers, boats of some kind are indispensably necessary.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading {Stopping leaky boats.} In traversing wild countries, or examining their coasts, lakes, or rivers, boats of some kind are indispensably necessary.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The traveller may, perhaps, be fortunate enough to possess one or more sound and seaworthy.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading {Stopping leaky boats.} In traversing wild countries, or examining their coasts, lakes, or rivers, boats of some kind are indispensably necessary.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

ordinarynounUS /ˈɔːrdəneri/

a judge of a probate court

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

paintverbUS /peɪnt/

make a painting

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

perfectlyadverbUS /ˈpɜːrfəktli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading The traveller may, perhaps, be fortunate enough to possess one or more sound and seaworthy.

possessverbUS /pəˈzes/

have as an attribute, knowledge, or skill

From this reading The traveller may, perhaps, be fortunate enough to possess one or more sound and seaworthy.

powersnounUS /ˈpaʊərz/

plural of “power” — possession of controlling influence

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

protectedadjectiveUS /prəˈtektɪd/

kept safe or defended from danger or injury or loss

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

raftnounUS /ræft/

a flat float (usually made of logs or planks) that can be used for transport or as a platform for swimmers

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

RAFTSnounUS /ræfts/

a large number or amount

From this reading BOATS, RAFTS, AND MAKE-SHIFT FLOATS.

reparableadjective

capable of being repaired or rectified

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

resourcenounUS /ˈriːsɔːrs/

available source of wealth; a new or reserve supply that can be drawn upon when needed

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

riversnounUS /ˈrɪvərz/

plural of “river” — a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading {Stopping leaky boats.} In traversing wild countries, or examining their coasts, lakes, or rivers, boats of some kind are indispensably necessary.

rottenadjectiveUS /ˈrɑːtən/

very bad

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

seaworthyadjectiveUS /ˈsiːwɔːrði/

fit for a sea voyage

From this reading The traveller may, perhaps, be fortunate enough to possess one or more sound and seaworthy.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

shortcomingsnounUS /ˈʃɔːrtkʌmɪŋz/

plural of “shortcoming” — a failing or deficiency

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading {Stopping leaky boats.} In traversing wild countries, or examining their coasts, lakes, or rivers, boats of some kind are indispensably necessary.

soundnounUS /saʊnd/

the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading The traveller may, perhaps, be fortunate enough to possess one or more sound and seaworthy.

StoppingnounUS /ˈstɑːpɪŋ/

fastener consisting of a narrow strip of welded metal used to join steel members

From this reading {Stopping leaky boats.} In traversing wild countries, or examining their coasts, lakes, or rivers, boats of some kind are indispensably necessary.

strengthenedadjectiveUS /ˈstreŋθənd/

given added strength or support

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

successfullyadverbUS /səkˈsesfəli/

with success; in a successful manner

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

sun-driedadjective

dried naturally by the sun

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The traveller may, perhaps, be fortunate enough to possess one or more sound and seaworthy.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading {Stopping leaky boats.} In traversing wild countries, or examining their coasts, lakes, or rivers, boats of some kind are indispensably necessary.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

tightadjectiveUS /taɪt/

closely constrained or constricted or constricting

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The traveller may, perhaps, be fortunate enough to possess one or more sound and seaworthy.

travellernounUS /ˈtrævələr/

a person who changes location

From this reading The traveller may, perhaps, be fortunate enough to possess one or more sound and seaworthy.

traversingverbUS /trəˈvɜːrsɪŋ/

-ing form of “traverse” — travel across or pass over

From this reading {Stopping leaky boats.} In traversing wild countries, or examining their coasts, lakes, or rivers, boats of some kind are indispensably necessary.

unstableadjectiveUS /ənˈsteɪbəl/

lacking stability or fixity or firmness

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading If a boat be very leaky, and is so rotten as not to be reparable by ordinary means, cover the whole bottom with canvas to above the water line, and paint it, she will then be perfectly tight, and also very much strengthened and protected against external injury.

wildadjectiveUS /waɪld/

marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading {Stopping leaky boats.} In traversing wild countries, or examining their coasts, lakes, or rivers, boats of some kind are indispensably necessary.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading More frequently, however, it will be his lot to have either some sun-dried leaky craft, crank canoe, or unstable raft, on which to entrust his life and equipment, when his ingenuity and powers of resource must be exercised in order to successfully contend with the various shortcomings and failings he will certainly discover.

Chapter 3 of Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration by William Barry Lord holds 896 sentences, grouped into 180 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration contain?

Chapter 3 holds 896 sentences of Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration, unabridged, divided into 180 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration by William Barry Lord exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 896 sentences, grouped into 180 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration?

Work through the 180 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 180 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Common questions about reading Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration by William Barry Lord on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #46446, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 600 minutes of reading across 1862 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration

Words and structures a reader meets early in Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Title
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Consists
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Image
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Transcribed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.