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Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration
Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration is here in full — 605 sentences across 121 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/121 · 5 lines
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TRACKING, HUNTING, AND TRAPPING.
Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.
On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.
There it is impossible for man or beast to efface the track that he has made.
In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration is here in full — 605 sentences across 121 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/121 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
TRACKING, HUNTING, AND TRAPPING.
/ˈtrækɪŋ ˈhʌntɪŋ ənd ˈtræpɪŋ/
Line 2
Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.
/moʊst ˈriːdərz ʌv wɜːrks ɑːn ˈtrævəl mʌst biː fəˈmɪljər wɪð ðə əˈperəntli ˈwʌndərfəl ˈpaʊər pəˈzest baɪ ˈsævədʒəz ʌv ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ ðə træks ʌv men ɔːr ˈænəməlz ənd jet ðɪs ɪz ɪn ˌriːˈælətiː ˈoʊnli ə ˈhæbət ʌv ˈkloʊsli əbˈzɜːrvɪŋ ɪˈfekts ənd rɪˈfɜːrɪŋ ðem tuː ðer ˈnætʃərəl ˈkɑːzəz/
Line 3
On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.
/ɑːn ðə roʊdz ʌv ə ˈpɑːpjələs ˈkʌntri ˈpæsəndʒərz ˈænəməlz ənd ˈviːhɪkəlz səkˈsiːd iːtʃ ˈʌðər soʊ ˈræpədli ðæt noʊ kənˈtɪnjuːəs spʊr ʌv ˈeni wʌn ʌv ðem rɪˈmeɪnz bʌt ɪt ɪz ˈʌðərwaɪz ɪn ðə ˈdezərt ənd ðə ˈwɪldərnəs/
Line 4
There it is impossible for man or beast to efface the track that he has made.
/ðer ɪt ɪz ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl fɔːr mæn ɔːr biːst tuː ɪˈfeɪs ðə træk ðæt hiː hæz meɪd/
Line 5
In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

efface verb US /ɪˈfeɪs/

remove completely from recognition or memory

From this reading “There it is impossible for man or beast to efface the track that he has made.”

headman noun US /ˈhedmən/

an executioner who beheads the condemned person

From this reading “In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.”

populous adjective US /ˈpɑːpjələs/

densely populated

From this reading “On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.”

spoor noun US /spʊr/

the trail left by a person or an animal; what the hunter follows in pursuing game

From this reading “On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.”

thefts noun US /θefts/

plural of “theft” — the act of taking something from someone unlawfully

From this reading “In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.”

tracking noun US /ˈtrækɪŋ/

the pursuit (of a person or animal) by following tracks or marks they left behind

From this reading “TRACKING, HUNTING, AND TRAPPING.”

trapping noun US /ˈtræpɪŋ/

stable gear consisting of a decorated covering for a horse, especially (formerly) for a warhorse

From this reading “TRACKING, HUNTING, AND TRAPPING.”

vehicles noun US /ˈviːhɪkəlz/

plural of “vehicle” — a conveyance that transports people or objects

From this reading “On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

wonderful power adjective + noun

In this reading “Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.”

in reality preposition + noun

used to imply that one would expect the fact to be the opposite of that stated; surprisingly

In this reading “Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.”

natural causes adjective + noun counted as “natural cause”

In this reading “Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.”

All words in this reading · 98

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading TRACKING, HUNTING, AND TRAPPING.

animalsnounUS /ˈænəməlz/

plural of “animal” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.

apparentlyadverbUS /əˈperəntli/

from appearances alone

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

beastnounUS /biːst/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading There it is impossible for man or beast to efface the track that he has made.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

cattlenounUS /ˈkætəl/

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

causesnounUS /ˈkɑːzəz/

plural of “cause” — events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

closelyadverbUS /ˈkloʊsli/

in a close relation or position in time or space

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

consideredadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərd/

carefully weighed

From this reading In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

continuousadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːəs/

continuing in time or space without interruption

From this reading On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.

countriesnounUS /ˈkʌntriz/

plural of “country” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.

desertverbUS /ˈdezərt/

leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch

From this reading On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.

effaceverbUS /ɪˈfeɪs/

remove completely from recognition or memory

From this reading There it is impossible for man or beast to efface the track that he has made.

effectsnounUS /ɪˈfekts/

property of a personal character that is portable but not used in business

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

enteringnounUS /ˈentərɪŋ/

a movement into or inward

From this reading In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

evidencenounUS /ˈevədəns/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

familiaradjectiveUS /fəˈmɪljər/

well known or easily recognized

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading There it is impossible for man or beast to efface the track that he has made.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

habitnounUS /ˈhæbət/

an established custom

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There it is impossible for man or beast to efface the track that he has made.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading There it is impossible for man or beast to efface the track that he has made.

headmannounUS /ˈhedmən/

an executioner who beheads the condemned person

From this reading In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

HUNTINGnounUS /ˈhʌntɪŋ/

the pursuit and killing or capture of wild animals regarded as a sport

From this reading TRACKING, HUNTING, AND TRAPPING.

impossibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading There it is impossible for man or beast to efface the track that he has made.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.

Kafirland

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading There it is impossible for man or beast to efface the track that he has made.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading There it is impossible for man or beast to efface the track that he has made.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

MostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.

observingadjectiveUS /əbˈzɜːrvɪŋ/

quick to notice; showing quick and keen perception

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.

otherwiseadverbUS /ˈʌðərwaɪz/

in other respects or ways

From this reading On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

passengersnounUS /ˈpæsəndʒərz/

plural of “passenger” — a traveler riding in a vehicle (a boat or bus or car or plane or train etc) who is not operating it

From this reading On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.

populousadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːpjələs/

densely populated

From this reading On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.

possessedadjectiveUS /pəˈzest/

influenced or controlled by a powerful force such as a strong emotion

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

rapidlyadverbUS /ˈræpədli/

with speed

From this reading On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.

readersnounUS /ˈriːdərz/

plural of “reader” — a person who enjoys reading

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

realitynounUS /ˌriːˈælətiː/

all of your experiences that determine how things appear to you

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

referringverbUS /rɪˈfɜːrɪŋ/

inflected form of “refer” — make reference to

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

remainsnounUS /rɪˈmeɪnz/

any object that is left unused or still extant

From this reading On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.

requiredadjectiveUS /riˈkwaɪərd/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

responsibleadjectiveUS /riˈspɑːnsəbəl/

worthy of or requiring responsibility or trust; or held accountable

From this reading In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

roadsnounUS /roʊdz/

a partly sheltered anchorage

From this reading On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

savagesnounUS /ˈsævədʒəz/

plural of “savage” — a member of an uncivilized people

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

showsnounUS /ʃoʊz/

plural of “show” — the act of publicly exhibiting or entertaining

From this reading In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.

spoornounUS /spʊr/

the trail left by a person or an animal; what the hunter follows in pursuing game

From this reading On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.

stolenverbUS /ˈstoʊlən/

inflected form of “steal” — take without the owner's consent

From this reading In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

succeedverbUS /səkˈsiːd/

attain success or reach a desired goal

From this reading On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

theftsnounUS /θefts/

plural of “theft” — the act of taking something from someone unlawfully

From this reading In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There it is impossible for man or beast to efface the track that he has made.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

tracknounUS /træk/

a line or route along which something travels or moves

From this reading There it is impossible for man or beast to efface the track that he has made.

TRACKINGnounUS /ˈtrækɪŋ/

the pursuit (of a person or animal) by following tracks or marks they left behind

From this reading TRACKING, HUNTING, AND TRAPPING.

tracksnounUS /træks/

plural of “track” — a line or route along which something travels or moves

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

TRAPPINGnounUS /ˈtræpɪŋ/

stable gear consisting of a decorated covering for a horse, especially (formerly) for a warhorse

From this reading TRACKING, HUNTING, AND TRAPPING.

travelverbUS /ˈtrævəl/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

vehiclesnounUS /ˈviːhɪkəlz/

plural of “vehicle” — a conveyance that transports people or objects

From this reading On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading In countries such as Kafirland, where cattle thefts are common, no evidence is required but the track of the stolen animals entering a village, and the headman is considered responsible until he shows where the same track has gone out again.

wildernessnounUS /ˈwɪldərnəs/

(politics) a state of disfavor

From this reading On the roads of a populous country, passengers, animals, and vehicles succeed each other so rapidly that no continuous spoor of any one of them remains; but it is otherwise in the desert and the wilderness.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

wonderfuladjectiveUS /ˈwʌndərfəl/

extraordinarily good or great; used especially as intensifiers

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

worksnounUS /wɜːrks/

buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Most readers of works on travel must be familiar with the apparently wonderful power possessed by savages of following the tracks of men or animals, and yet this is in reality only a habit of closely observing effects, and referring them to their natural causes.

Chapter 18 of Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration by William Barry Lord holds 605 sentences, grouped into 121 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration contain?

Chapter 18 holds 605 sentences of Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration, unabridged, divided into 121 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration by William Barry Lord exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 605 sentences, grouped into 121 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration?

Work through the 121 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 121 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Common questions about reading Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration by William Barry Lord on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #46446, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 600 minutes of reading across 1862 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration

Words and structures a reader meets early in Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Title
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Consists
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Image
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Transcribed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel & Exploration; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.