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Short Stories and Essays
Short Stories and Essays

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Short Stories and Essays is here in full — 134 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/26 · 5 lines
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THE MIDNIGHT PLATOON He had often heard of it.
Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.
He imagined it very dramatic, and he was surprised to find it in his experience so largely subjective.
If there was any drama at all it was wholly in his own consciousness.
But the thing was certainly impressive in its way.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Short Stories and Essays

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Short Stories and Essays is here in full — 134 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/26 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE MIDNIGHT PLATOON He had often heard of it.
/ðə ˈmɪdnaɪt pləˈtuːn hiː hæd ˈɔːfən hɜːrd ʌv ɪt/
Line 2
Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.
/ˌkɑːnəˈsɜːrz ʌv sʌtʃ ˈmætərz jʌŋ ˈnuːzpeɪpər men ˈtraɪɪŋ tuː meɪk ˈlɪtərətʃər aʊt ʌv laɪf ənd ˈsmʌɡəl ɪt ˈɪntuː prɪnt ˈʌndər ðə ɡɑːrd ʌv ənˈweri ˈedɪtərz ənd jʌŋ ˈɔːθərz ˈiːɡər tuː ɡet laɪf ˈɪntuː ðer ˈlɪtərətʃər hæd ˌrekəˈmendɪd ɪt tuː hɪm æz wʌn ʌv ðə moʊst ˌɪmˈpresɪv saɪts ʌv ðə ˈsɪti ənd hiː hæd ˈwɪlɪŋli əˈɡriːd wɪð ðem ðæt hiː ɔːt tuː siː ɪt/
Line 3
He imagined it very dramatic, and he was surprised to find it in his experience so largely subjective.
/hiː ˌɪˈmædʒənd ɪt ˈveri drəˈmætɪk ənd hiː wɑːz sərˈpraɪzd tuː faɪnd ɪt ɪn hɪz ɪkˈspɪriəns soʊ ˈlɑːrdʒli səbˈdʒektɪv/
Line 4
If there was any drama at all it was wholly in his own consciousness.
/ɪf ðer wɑːz ˈeni ˈdrɑːmə æt ɔːl ɪt wɑːz ˈhoʊli ɪn hɪz oʊn ˈkɑːnʃəsnəs/
Line 5
But the thing was certainly impressive in its way.
/bʌt ðə θɪŋ wɑːz ˈsɜːrtənli ˌɪmˈpresɪv ɪn ɪts weɪ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Connoisseurs noun US /ˌkɑːnəˈsɜːrz/

plural of “connoisseur” — an expert able to appreciate a field; especially in the fine arts

From this reading “Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.”

editors noun US /ˈedɪtərz/

plural of “editor” — a person responsible for the editorial aspects of publication; the person who determines the final content of a text (especially of a newspaper or magazine)

From this reading “Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.”

impressive adjective US /ˌɪmˈpresɪv/

making a strong or vivid impression

From this reading “Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.”

platoon noun US /pləˈtuːn/

a military unit that is a subdivision of a company; usually has a headquarters and two or more squads; usually commanded by a lieutenant

From this reading “THE MIDNIGHT PLATOON He had often heard of it.”

sights noun US /saɪts/

an optical instrument for aiding the eye in aiming, as on a firearm or surveying instrument

From this reading “Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.”

smuggle verb US /ˈsmʌɡəl/

import or export without paying customs duties

From this reading “Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.”

subjective adjective US /səbˈdʒektɪv/

taking place within the mind and modified by individual bias

From this reading “He imagined it very dramatic, and he was surprised to find it in his experience so largely subjective.”

unwary adjective US /ənˈweri/

not alert to danger or deception

From this reading “Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.”

All words in this reading · 74

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

agreedadjectiveUS /əˈɡriːd/

united by being of the same opinion

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading If there was any drama at all it was wholly in his own consciousness.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading If there was any drama at all it was wholly in his own consciousness.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading If there was any drama at all it was wholly in his own consciousness.

authorsnounUS /ˈɔːθərz/

plural of “author” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But the thing was certainly impressive in its way.

certainlyadverbUS /ˈsɜːrtənli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading But the thing was certainly impressive in its way.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

ConnoisseursnounUS /ˌkɑːnəˈsɜːrz/

plural of “connoisseur” — an expert able to appreciate a field; especially in the fine arts

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

consciousnessnounUS /ˈkɑːnʃəsnəs/

an alert cognitive state in which you are aware of yourself and your situation

From this reading If there was any drama at all it was wholly in his own consciousness.

dramanounUS /ˈdrɑːmə/

a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage

From this reading If there was any drama at all it was wholly in his own consciousness.

dramaticadjectiveUS /drəˈmætɪk/

suitable to or characteristic of drama

From this reading He imagined it very dramatic, and he was surprised to find it in his experience so largely subjective.

eageradjectiveUS /ˈiːɡər/

having or showing keen interest or intense desire or impatient expectancy

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

editorsnounUS /ˈedɪtərz/

plural of “editor” — a person responsible for the editorial aspects of publication; the person who determines the final content of a text (especially of a newspaper or magazine)

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

experienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading He imagined it very dramatic, and he was surprised to find it in his experience so largely subjective.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading He imagined it very dramatic, and he was surprised to find it in his experience so largely subjective.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

guardnounUS /ɡɑːrd/

a person who keeps watch over something or someone

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE MIDNIGHT PLATOON He had often heard of it.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading THE MIDNIGHT PLATOON He had often heard of it.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading THE MIDNIGHT PLATOON He had often heard of it.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He imagined it very dramatic, and he was surprised to find it in his experience so largely subjective.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If there was any drama at all it was wholly in his own consciousness.

imaginedverbUS /ˌɪˈmædʒənd/

past form of “imagine” — form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the case

From this reading He imagined it very dramatic, and he was surprised to find it in his experience so largely subjective.

impressiveadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpresɪv/

making a strong or vivid impression

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He imagined it very dramatic, and he was surprised to find it in his experience so largely subjective.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading THE MIDNIGHT PLATOON He had often heard of it.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading But the thing was certainly impressive in its way.

largelyadverbUS /ˈlɑːrdʒli/

in large part; mainly or chiefly

From this reading He imagined it very dramatic, and he was surprised to find it in his experience so largely subjective.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

literaturenounUS /ˈlɪtərətʃər/

creative writing of recognized artistic value

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

mattersnounUS /ˈmætərz/

plural of “matter” — a vaguely specified concern

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

MIDNIGHTnounUS /ˈmɪdnaɪt/

12 o'clock at night; the middle of the night

From this reading THE MIDNIGHT PLATOON He had often heard of it.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

newspapernounUS /ˈnuːzpeɪpər/

a daily or weekly publication on folded sheets; contains news and articles and advertisements

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE MIDNIGHT PLATOON He had often heard of it.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading THE MIDNIGHT PLATOON He had often heard of it.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

oughtmodal verbUS /ɔːt/

used with “to” to say what is right or advisable

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading If there was any drama at all it was wholly in his own consciousness.

PLATOONnounUS /pləˈtuːn/

a military unit that is a subdivision of a company; usually has a headquarters and two or more squads; usually commanded by a lieutenant

From this reading THE MIDNIGHT PLATOON He had often heard of it.

printnounUS /prɪnt/

the text appearing in a book, newspaper, or other printed publication

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

recommendedverbUS /ˌrekəˈmendɪd/

past form of “recommend” — push for something

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

sightsnounUS /saɪts/

an optical instrument for aiding the eye in aiming, as on a firearm or surveying instrument

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

smuggleverbUS /ˈsmʌɡəl/

import or export without paying customs duties

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading He imagined it very dramatic, and he was surprised to find it in his experience so largely subjective.

subjectiveadjectiveUS /səbˈdʒektɪv/

taking place within the mind and modified by individual bias

From this reading He imagined it very dramatic, and he was surprised to find it in his experience so largely subjective.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

surprisedadjectiveUS /sərˈpraɪzd/

taken unawares or suddenly and feeling wonder or astonishment

From this reading He imagined it very dramatic, and he was surprised to find it in his experience so largely subjective.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE MIDNIGHT PLATOON He had often heard of it.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading If there was any drama at all it was wholly in his own consciousness.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading But the thing was certainly impressive in its way.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

tryingadjectiveUS /ˈtraɪɪŋ/

hard to endure

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

unwaryadjectiveUS /ənˈweri/

not alert to danger or deception

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading He imagined it very dramatic, and he was surprised to find it in his experience so largely subjective.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He imagined it very dramatic, and he was surprised to find it in his experience so largely subjective.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading But the thing was certainly impressive in its way.

whollyadverbUS /ˈhoʊli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading If there was any drama at all it was wholly in his own consciousness.

willinglyadverbUS /ˈwɪlɪŋli/

in a willing manner

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Connoisseurs of such matters, young newspaper men trying to make literature out of life and smuggle it into print under the guard of unwary editors, and young authors eager to get life into their literature, had recommended it to him as one of the most impressive sights of the city; and he had willingly agreed with them that he ought to see it.

Chapter 4 of Short Stories and Essays by William Dean Howells holds 134 sentences, grouped into 27 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Short Stories and Essays contain?

Chapter 4 holds 134 sentences of Short Stories and Essays, unabridged, divided into 27 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Short Stories and Essays by William Dean Howells exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 134 sentences, grouped into 27 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Short Stories and Essays?

Work through the 27 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 27 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Short Stories and Essays

Common questions about reading Short Stories and Essays by William Dean Howells on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Short Stories and Essays?

Yes. All 1642 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3379 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Short Stories and Essays is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #3379, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Short Stories and Essays take to read?

About 136 minutes of reading across 329 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Short Stories and Essays section by section

How to work through Short Stories and Essays section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 13 chapters of Short Stories and Essays to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Short Stories and Essays

Words and structures a reader meets early in Short Stories and Essays, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Literature
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Short Stories and Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Life--short
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Short Stories and Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stories
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Short Stories and Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Essays
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Short Stories and Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.