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Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian
Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian is here in full — 410 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian
Context Illustration Reading 1/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The enormous canvas on which was depicted the bottom of the sea was lowered.
The decorator retreated a few steps and once more looked lovingly at the “sea bottom.”
This was his latest creation.
“Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”
“It shall be done!”
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian is here in full — 410 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The enormous canvas on which was depicted the bottom of the sea was lowered.
/ðə ɪˈnɔːrməs ˈkænvəs ɑːn wɪtʃ wɑːz dɪˈpɪktəd ðə ˈbɑːtəm ʌv ðə siː wɑːz ˈloʊərd/
Line 2
The decorator retreated a few steps and once more looked lovingly at the “sea bottom.”
/ðə ˈdekəreɪtər riˈtriːtəd ə fjuː steps ənd wʌns mɔːr lʊkt ˈlʌvɪŋli æt ðə siː ˈbɑːtəm/
Line 3
This was his latest creation.
/ðɪs wɑːz hɪz ˈleɪtəst kriˈeɪʃən/
Line 4
“Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”
Line 5
“It shall be done!”
/ɪt ʃæl biː dʌn/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

creation noun US /kriˈeɪʃən/

the human act of creating

From this reading “This was his latest creation.”

decorator noun US /ˈdekəreɪtər/

a person who specializes in interior decoration

From this reading “The decorator retreated a few steps and once more looked lovingly at the “sea bottom.””

depicted adjective US /dɪˈpɪktəd/

represented graphically by sketch or design or lines

From this reading “The enormous canvas on which was depicted the bottom of the sea was lowered.”

latest adjective US /ˈleɪtəst/

up to the immediate present; most recent or most up-to-date

From this reading “This was his latest creation.”

lovingly adverb US /ˈlʌvɪŋli/

with fondness; with love

From this reading “The decorator retreated a few steps and once more looked lovingly at the “sea bottom.””

mermaids noun US /ˈmɜːrmeɪdz/

plural of “mermaid” — half woman and half fish; lives in the sea

From this reading ““Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!””

retreated noun US /riˈtriːtəd/

people who have retreated

From this reading “The decorator retreated a few steps and once more looked lovingly at the “sea bottom.””

swim verb US /swɪm/

travel through water

From this reading ““Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!””

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

few steps adjective + noun

In this reading “The decorator retreated a few steps and once more looked lovingly at the “sea bottom.””

once more adverb + adjective

anew

In this reading “The decorator retreated a few steps and once more looked lovingly at the “sea bottom.””

looked lovingly verb + particle counted as “look lovingly”

In this reading “The decorator retreated a few steps and once more looked lovingly at the “sea bottom.””

All words in this reading · 52

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The decorator retreated a few steps and once more looked lovingly at the “sea bottom.”

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading “Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The decorator retreated a few steps and once more looked lovingly at the “sea bottom.”

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The decorator retreated a few steps and once more looked lovingly at the “sea bottom.”

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading “It shall be done!”

beginverbUS /bɪˈɡɪn/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading “Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”

bottomnounUS /ˈbɑːtəm/

the lower side of anything

From this reading The enormous canvas on which was depicted the bottom of the sea was lowered.

canvasnounUS /ˈkænvəs/

a heavy, closely woven fabric (used for clothing or chairs or sails or tents)

From this reading The enormous canvas on which was depicted the bottom of the sea was lowered.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading “Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”

creationnounUS /kriˈeɪʃən/

the human act of creating

From this reading This was his latest creation.

decoratornounUS /ˈdekəreɪtər/

a person who specializes in interior decoration

From this reading The decorator retreated a few steps and once more looked lovingly at the “sea bottom.”

depictedadjectiveUS /dɪˈpɪktəd/

represented graphically by sketch or design or lines

From this reading The enormous canvas on which was depicted the bottom of the sea was lowered.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading “It shall be done!”

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading “Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”

enormousadjectiveUS /ɪˈnɔːrməs/

extraordinarily large in size or extent or amount or power or degree

From this reading The enormous canvas on which was depicted the bottom of the sea was lowered.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading The decorator retreated a few steps and once more looked lovingly at the “sea bottom.”

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading “Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading “Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading “Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading This was his latest creation.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading “It shall be done!”

Julia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”

latestadjectiveUS /ˈleɪtəst/

up to the immediate present; most recent or most up-to-date

From this reading This was his latest creation.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading “Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”

ListenverbUS /ˈlɪsən/

hear with intention

From this reading “Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading The decorator retreated a few steps and once more looked lovingly at the “sea bottom.”

lovinglyadverbUS /ˈlʌvɪŋli/

with fondness; with love

From this reading The decorator retreated a few steps and once more looked lovingly at the “sea bottom.”

lowerverbUS /ˈloʊər/

move something or somebody to a lower position

From this reading “Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”

loweredadjectiveUS /ˈloʊərd/

below the surround or below the normal position

From this reading The enormous canvas on which was depicted the bottom of the sea was lowered.

mermaidsnounUS /ˈmɜːrmeɪdz/

plural of “mermaid” — half woman and half fish; lives in the sea

From this reading “Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The decorator retreated a few steps and once more looked lovingly at the “sea bottom.”

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The enormous canvas on which was depicted the bottom of the sea was lowered.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The enormous canvas on which was depicted the bottom of the sea was lowered.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading The decorator retreated a few steps and once more looked lovingly at the “sea bottom.”

Pavel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading “Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”

retreatednounUS /riˈtriːtəd/

people who have retreated

From this reading The decorator retreated a few steps and once more looked lovingly at the “sea bottom.”

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading The enormous canvas on which was depicted the bottom of the sea was lowered.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading “It shall be done!”

shoutedadjectiveUS /ˈʃaʊtɪd/

in a vehement outcry

From this reading “Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”

stepsnounUS /steps/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading The decorator retreated a few steps and once more looked lovingly at the “sea bottom.”

swimverbUS /swɪm/

travel through water

From this reading “Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading “Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The enormous canvas on which was depicted the bottom of the sea was lowered.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This was his latest creation.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading “Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading “Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The enormous canvas on which was depicted the bottom of the sea was lowered.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading “Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The enormous canvas on which was depicted the bottom of the sea was lowered.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading “Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading “Listen, Pavel!” he shouted, “when the mermaids begin to swim, you will let Julia come first and lower than all the rest; let her down to the very bottom!”

Chapter 11 of Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian by William [Editor] Patten holds 410 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian contain?

Chapter 11 holds 410 sentences of Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian by William [Editor] Patten exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 410 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian

Common questions about reading Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian by William [Editor] Patten on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian section by section

How to work through Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian

Words and structures a reader meets early in Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Short story classics (Foreign), Vol. 1, Russian, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.