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Shorter Novels, Vol. 3
Shorter Novels, Vol. 3

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Shorter Novels, Vol. 3 is here in full — 15 sentences across 3 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Shorter Novels, Vol. 3
Context Illustration Reading 1/3 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.
He started and stood confused, afraid to tell his design, and yet hopeless to conceal it.
A few moments determined him to repose on her fidelity, and secure her secrecy by a declaration without reserve.
“Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.
Since, then, not suspicion but fondness has detected you, let me not lose the advantage of my discovery.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Shorter Novels, Vol. 3

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Shorter Novels, Vol. 3 is here in full — 15 sentences across 3 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/3 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.
Line 2
He started and stood confused, afraid to tell his design, and yet hopeless to conceal it.
/hiː ˈstɑːrtɪd ənd stʊd kənˈfjuːzd əˈfreɪd tuː tel hɪz dɪˈzaɪn ənd jet ˈhoʊpləs tuː kənˈsiːl ɪt/
Line 3
A few moments determined him to repose on her fidelity, and secure her secrecy by a declaration without reserve.
/ə fjuː ˈmoʊmənts dɪˈtɜːrmənd hɪm tuː riˈpoʊz ɑːn hɜːr fəˈdeləti ənd sɪˈkjʊr hɜːr ˈsiːkrəsi baɪ ə ˌdeklərˈeɪʃən wɪˈθaʊt rɪˈzɜːrv/
Line 4
“Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.
Line 5
Since, then, not suspicion but fondness has detected you, let me not lose the advantage of my discovery.
/sɪns ðen nɑːt səˈspɪʃən bʌt ˈfɑːndnəs hæz dɪˈtektəd juː let miː nɑːt luːz ðə ædˈvæntɪdʒ ʌv maɪ dɪˈskʌvəri/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cavity noun US /ˈkævəti/

a sizeable hole (usually in the ground)

From this reading “RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.”

cooler noun US /ˈkuːlər/

a refrigerator for cooling liquids

From this reading ““Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.”

fidelity noun US /fəˈdeləti/

accuracy with which an electronic system reproduces the sound or image of its input signal

From this reading “A few moments determined him to repose on her fidelity, and secure her secrecy by a declaration without reserve.”

fondness noun US /ˈfɑːndnəs/

a predisposition to like something

From this reading “Since, then, not suspicion but fondness has detected you, let me not lose the advantage of my discovery.”

partake verb US /pɑːrˈteɪk/

have some of the qualities or attributes of something

From this reading ““Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.”

preference noun US /ˈprefərəns/

a strong liking

From this reading ““Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.”

refresh verb US /rɪˈfreʃ/

refresh one's memory

From this reading “RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.”

secrecy noun US /ˈsiːkrəsi/

the trait of keeping things secret

From this reading “A few moments determined him to repose on her fidelity, and secure her secrecy by a declaration without reserve.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

came hither verb + particle counted as “come hither”

In this reading ““Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.”

few moments adjective + noun counted as “few moment”

In this reading “A few moments determined him to repose on her fidelity, and secure her secrecy by a declaration without reserve.”

without reserve preposition + noun

In this reading “A few moments determined him to repose on her fidelity, and secure her secrecy by a declaration without reserve.”

partake of verb + particle

In this reading ““Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.”

All words in this reading · 119

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A few moments determined him to repose on her fidelity, and secure her secrecy by a declaration without reserve.

advantagenounUS /ædˈvæntɪdʒ/

the quality of having a superior or more favorable position

From this reading Since, then, not suspicion but fondness has detected you, let me not lose the advantage of my discovery.

afraidadjectiveUS /əˈfreɪd/

filled with fear or apprehension

From this reading He started and stood confused, afraid to tell his design, and yet hopeless to conceal it.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

ANdeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

approachverbUS /əˈproʊtʃ/

move towards

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

banknounUS /bæŋk/

sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water)

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading A few moments determined him to repose on her fidelity, and secure her secrecy by a declaration without reserve.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

cavitynounUS /ˈkævəti/

a sizeable hole (usually in the ground)

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

concealverbUS /kənˈsiːl/

prevent from being seen or discovered

From this reading He started and stood confused, afraid to tell his design, and yet hopeless to conceal it.

confusedadjectiveUS /kənˈfjuːzd/

perplexed by many conflicting situations or statements; filled with bewilderment

From this reading He started and stood confused, afraid to tell his design, and yet hopeless to conceal it.

conversationnounUS /ˌkɑːnvərˈseɪʃən/

the use of speech for informal exchange of views or ideas or information etc.

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

coolernounUS /ˈkuːlər/

a refrigerator for cooling liquids

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

declarationnounUS /ˌdeklərˈeɪʃən/

a statement that is emphatic and explicit (spoken or written)

From this reading A few moments determined him to repose on her fidelity, and secure her secrecy by a declaration without reserve.

designnounUS /dɪˈzaɪn/

the act of working out the form of something (as by making a sketch or outline or plan)

From this reading He started and stood confused, afraid to tell his design, and yet hopeless to conceal it.

detectedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtektəd/

perceived or discerned

From this reading Since, then, not suspicion but fondness has detected you, let me not lose the advantage of my discovery.

determinedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜːrmənd/

characterized by great determination

From this reading A few moments determined him to repose on her fidelity, and secure her secrecy by a declaration without reserve.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

directedadjectiveUS /dərˈektəd/

(often used in combination) having a specified direction

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

discoverynounUS /dɪˈskʌvəri/

the act of discovering something

From this reading Since, then, not suspicion but fondness has detected you, let me not lose the advantage of my discovery.

Doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading A few moments determined him to repose on her fidelity, and secure her secrecy by a declaration without reserve.

fidelitynounUS /fəˈdeləti/

accuracy with which an electronic system reproduces the sound or image of its input signal

From this reading A few moments determined him to repose on her fidelity, and secure her secrecy by a declaration without reserve.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

fondnessnounUS /ˈfɑːndnəs/

a predisposition to like something

From this reading Since, then, not suspicion but fondness has detected you, let me not lose the advantage of my discovery.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

fragrantadjectiveUS /ˈfreɪɡrənt/

pleasant-smelling

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Since, then, not suspicion but fondness has detected you, let me not lose the advantage of my discovery.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He started and stood confused, afraid to tell his design, and yet hopeless to conceal it.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading A few moments determined him to repose on her fidelity, and secure her secrecy by a declaration without reserve.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading A few moments determined him to repose on her fidelity, and secure her secrecy by a declaration without reserve.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

hitheradverbUS /ˈhɪðər/

an old word meaning “to this place”

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

hopelessadjectiveUS /ˈhoʊpləs/

without hope because there seems to be no possibility of comfort or success

From this reading He started and stood confused, afraid to tell his design, and yet hopeless to conceal it.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

imagineverbUS /ˌɪˈmædʒən/

form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the case

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

IMLAC

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He started and stood confused, afraid to tell his design, and yet hopeless to conceal it.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading Since, then, not suspicion but fondness has detected you, let me not lose the advantage of my discovery.

libertynounUS /ˈlɪb.ər.ti/

The state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions on one's way of life.

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

loseverbUS /luːz/

fail to keep or to maintain; cease to have, either physically or in an abstract sense

From this reading Since, then, not suspicion but fondness has detected you, let me not lose the advantage of my discovery.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Since, then, not suspicion but fondness has detected you, let me not lose the advantage of my discovery.

middlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

momentsnounUS /ˈmoʊmənts/

plural of “moment” — a particular point in time

From this reading A few moments determined him to repose on her fidelity, and secure her secrecy by a declaration without reserve.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

mouthnounUS /maʊθ/

the opening through which food is taken in and vocalizations emerge

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

Nekayah

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

observedadjectiveUS /əbˈzɜːrvd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading A few moments determined him to repose on her fidelity, and secure her secrecy by a declaration without reserve.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

partakeverbUS /pɑːrˈteɪk/

have some of the qualities or attributes of something

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

preferencenounUS /ˈprefərəns/

a strong liking

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

princenounUS /prɪns/

a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

princessnounUS /ˈprɪn.ses/

The daughter of a monarch; a female member of a royal family.

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

RASSELAS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

RECEIVEverbUS /rəˈsiːv/

get something; come into possession of

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

refreshverbUS /rɪˈfreʃ/

refresh one's memory

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

reposeverbUS /riˈpoʊz/

put or confide something in a person or thing

From this reading A few moments determined him to repose on her fidelity, and secure her secrecy by a declaration without reserve.

reservenounUS /rɪˈzɜːrv/

formality and propriety of manner

From this reading A few moments determined him to repose on her fidelity, and secure her secrecy by a declaration without reserve.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

secrecynounUS /ˈsiːkrəsi/

the trait of keeping things secret

From this reading A few moments determined him to repose on her fidelity, and secure her secrecy by a declaration without reserve.

secureverbUS /sɪˈkjʊr/

get by special effort

From this reading A few moments determined him to repose on her fidelity, and secure her secrecy by a declaration without reserve.

shadenounUS /ʃeɪd/

relative darkness caused by light rays being intercepted by an opaque body

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

SinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading Since, then, not suspicion but fondness has detected you, let me not lose the advantage of my discovery.

sisternounUS /ˈsɪstər/

a female person who has the same parents as another person

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

solaced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

spyverbUS /spaɪ/

catch sight of

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

standingadjectiveUS /ˈstændɪŋ/

having a supporting base

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

startedverbUS /ˈstɑːrtɪd/

past form of “start” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading He started and stood confused, afraid to tell his design, and yet hopeless to conceal it.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading He started and stood confused, afraid to tell his design, and yet hopeless to conceal it.

supposeverbUS /səˈpoʊz/

express a supposition

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

suspicionnounUS /səˈspɪʃən/

an impression that something might be the case

From this reading Since, then, not suspicion but fondness has detected you, let me not lose the advantage of my discovery.

tellverbUS /tel/

express in words

From this reading He started and stood confused, afraid to tell his design, and yet hopeless to conceal it.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Since, then, not suspicion but fondness has detected you, let me not lose the advantage of my discovery.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

toilverbUS /tɔɪl/

work hard

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

UNEXPECTEDadjectiveUS /ˌʌnɪkˈspektɪd/

not expected or anticipated

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

VISITverbUS /ˈvɪzɪt/

go to see a place, as for entertainment

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

walknounUS /wɔːk/

the act of traveling by foot

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

windownounUS /ˈwɪndoʊ/

a framework of wood or metal that contains a glass windowpane and is built into a wall or roof to admit light or air

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading A few moments determined him to repose on her fidelity, and secure her secrecy by a declaration without reserve.

wroughtadjectiveUS /rɔːt/

shaped to fit by or as if by altering the contours of a pliable mass (as by work or effort)

From this reading RASSELAS AND IMLAC RECEIVE AN UNEXPECTED VISIT They had now wrought their way to the middle, and solaced their toil with the approach of liberty, when the prince, coming down to refresh himself with air, found his sister Nekayah standing before the mouth of the cavity.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading He started and stood confused, afraid to tell his design, and yet hopeless to conceal it.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading “Do not imagine,” said the princess, “that I came hither as a spy: I had long observed from my window that you and Imlac directed your walk every day towards the same point; but I did not suppose you had any better reason for the preference than a cooler shade, or more fragrant bank; nor followed you with any other design than to partake of your conversation.

Chapter 11 of Shorter Novels, Vol. 3 by Samuel Johnson holds 15 sentences, grouped into 3 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Shorter Novels, Vol. 3 contain?

Chapter 11 holds 15 sentences of Shorter Novels, Vol. 3, unabridged, divided into 3 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Shorter Novels, Vol. 3 by Samuel Johnson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 15 sentences, grouped into 3 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Shorter Novels, Vol. 3?

Work through the 3 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 3 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Shorter Novels, Vol. 3

Common questions about reading Shorter Novels, Vol. 3 by Samuel Johnson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Shorter Novels, Vol. 3?

Yes. All 5116 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #34766 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Shorter Novels, Vol. 3 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #34766, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Shorter Novels, Vol. 3 take to read?

About 426 minutes of reading across 1024 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Shorter Novels, Vol. 3 section by section

How to work through Shorter Novels, Vol. 3 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Shorter Novels, Vol. 3 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Shorter Novels, Vol. 3

Words and structures a reader meets early in Shorter Novels, Vol. 3, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Contains
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shorter Novels, Vol. 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Several
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shorter Novels, Vol. 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Unicode
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shorter Novels, Vol. 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Characters
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Shorter Novels, Vol. 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.