Chapter XII · Chapter 12

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Indeed, he was often as prodigal, just to gratify a whim, as when he flung the gold coins to Dinnies Kleist, merely to see if he could break them.

later than; following

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

income from capital investment paid in a series of regular payments

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

react verbally

From this reading Therefore he summoned the states, and requested them to assist him with more money; but they gave answer that his Highness wanted prudence; he ought to tie his purse tighter.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Indeed, he was often as prodigal, just to gratify a whim, as when he flung the gold coins to Dinnies Kleist, merely to see if he could break them.

give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading Therefore he summoned the states, and requested them to assist him with more money; but they gave answer that his Highness wanted prudence; he ought to tie his purse tighter.

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

terminate

From this reading Indeed, he was often as prodigal, just to gratify a whim, as when he flung the gold coins to Dinnies Kleist, merely to see if he could break them.

make by combining materials and parts

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

plural of “building” — a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

a large and stately mansion

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

plural of “church” — one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

plural of “coin” — a flat metal piece (usually a disc) used as money

From this reading Indeed, he was often as prodigal, just to gratify a whim, as when he flung the gold coins to Dinnies Kleist, merely to see if he could break them.

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

(usually plural) everything that is included in a collection and that is held or included in something

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

impaired by diminution

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, he was often as prodigal, just to gratify a whim, as when he flung the gold coins to Dinnies Kleist, merely to see if he could break them.

psychological suffering

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

of or belonging to or suitable for a duke

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

the wife of a duke or a woman holding ducal title in her own right

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

all things; all of a situation

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

inflected form of “fling” — throw with force or recklessness

From this reading Indeed, he was often as prodigal, just to gratify a whim, as when he flung the gold coins to Dinnies Kleist, merely to see if he could break them.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

plural of “forefather” — the founder of a family

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

a town in northern Maryland to the west of Baltimore

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

in a free manner

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading Therefore he summoned the states, and requested them to assist him with more money; but they gave answer that his Highness wanted prudence; he ought to tie his purse tighter.

coins made of gold

From this reading Indeed, he was often as prodigal, just to gratify a whim, as when he flung the gold coins to Dinnies Kleist, merely to see if he could break them.

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

characterized by charm, good taste, and generosity of spirit

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

make happy or satisfied

From this reading Indeed, he was often as prodigal, just to gratify a whim, as when he flung the gold coins to Dinnies Kleist, merely to see if he could break them.

to an extraordinary extent or degree

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

plural of “handful” — a small number or amount

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

(Your Highness or His Highness or Her Highness) title used to address a royal person

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Therefore he summoned the states, and requested them to assist him with more money; but they gave answer that his Highness wanted prudence; he ought to tie his purse tighter.

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

large outdoor signboard

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

plural of “hound” — any of several breeds of dog used for hunting typically having large drooping ears

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

ten 10s

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Indeed, he was often as prodigal, just to gratify a whim, as when he flung the gold coins to Dinnies Kleist, merely to see if he could break them.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

arriving at a place or position

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading Indeed, he was often as prodigal, just to gratify a whim, as when he flung the gold coins to Dinnies Kleist, merely to see if he could break them.

an occurrence of something

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

a distinct part that can be specified separately in a group of things that could be enumerated on a list

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

become part of; become a member of a group or organization

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

and nothing more

From this reading Indeed, he was often as prodigal, just to gratify a whim, as when he flung the gold coins to Dinnies Kleist, merely to see if he could break them.

plural of “kind” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

German dramatist whose works concern people torn between reason and emotion (1777-1811)

From this reading Indeed, he was often as prodigal, just to gratify a whim, as when he flung the gold coins to Dinnies Kleist, merely to see if he could break them.

a polite name for any woman

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

past form of “lavish” — expend profusely; also used with abstract nouns

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

displaying luxury and furnishing gratification to the senses

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

characterized by grandeur

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

engage in

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

and nothing more

From this reading Indeed, he was often as prodigal, just to gratify a whim, as when he flung the gold coins to Dinnies Kleist, merely to see if he could break them.

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

very generous

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

not any; not one

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

many times at short intervals

From this reading Indeed, he was often as prodigal, just to gratify a whim, as when he flung the gold coins to Dinnies Kleist, merely to see if he could break them.

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

used with “to” to say what is right or advisable

From this reading Therefore he summoned the states, and requested them to assist him with more money; but they gave answer that his Highness wanted prudence; he ought to tie his purse tighter.

have ownership or possession of

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

give money, usually in exchange for goods or services

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

breed of very small compact long-haired dogs of the spitz type

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

plural of “pot” — metal or earthenware cooking vessel that is usually round and deep; often has a handle and lid

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

ostentatiously rich and superior in quality

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

a recklessly extravagant consumer

From this reading Indeed, he was often as prodigal, just to gratify a whim, as when he flung the gold coins to Dinnies Kleist, merely to see if he could break them.

discretion in practical affairs

From this reading Therefore he summoned the states, and requested them to assist him with more money; but they gave answer that his Highness wanted prudence; he ought to tie his purse tighter.

cause to move by pulling

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

a container used for carrying money and small personal items or accessories (especially by women)

From this reading Therefore he summoned the states, and requested them to assist him with more money; but they gave answer that his Highness wanted prudence; he ought to tie his purse tighter.

asked for

From this reading Therefore he summoned the states, and requested them to assist him with more money; but they gave answer that his Highness wanted prudence; he ought to tie his purse tighter.

any address at which you dwell more than temporarily

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

the entire amount of income before any deductions are made

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

Persons who steal from a person or place, especially using violence or threats.

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

a fund of money put by as a reserve

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Indeed, he was often as prodigal, just to gratify a whim, as when he flung the gold coins to Dinnies Kleist, merely to see if he could break them.

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

a person's partner in marriage

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

plural of “stable” — a farm building for housing horses or other livestock

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

plural of “state” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading Therefore he summoned the states, and requested them to assist him with more money; but they gave answer that his Highness wanted prudence; he ought to tie his purse tighter.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

past form of “succeed” — attain success or reach a desired goal

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

past form of “summon” — call in an official matter, such as to attend court

From this reading Therefore he summoned the states, and requested them to assist him with more money; but they gave answer that his Highness wanted prudence; he ought to tie his purse tighter.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Indeed, he was often as prodigal, just to gratify a whim, as when he flung the gold coins to Dinnies Kleist, merely to see if he could break them.

for that reason; as a result

From this reading Therefore he summoned the states, and requested them to assist him with more money; but they gave answer that his Highness wanted prudence; he ought to tie his purse tighter.

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Therefore he summoned the states, and requested them to assist him with more money; but they gave answer that his Highness wanted prudence; he ought to tie his purse tighter.

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

neckwear consisting of a long narrow piece of material worn (mostly by men) under a collar and tied in knot at the front

From this reading Therefore he summoned the states, and requested them to assist him with more money; but they gave answer that his Highness wanted prudence; he ought to tie his purse tighter.

comparative of “tight” — closely constrained or constricted or constricting

From this reading Therefore he summoned the states, and requested them to assist him with more money; but they gave answer that his Highness wanted prudence; he ought to tie his purse tighter.

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

plural of “tower” — a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

create by training and teaching

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

a formal word for “on”

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

a surrounding or nearby region

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

plural of “visitor” — someone who visits

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

desired or wished for or sought

From this reading Therefore he summoned the states, and requested them to assist him with more money; but they gave answer that his Highness wanted prudence; he ought to tie his purse tighter.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Indeed, he was often as prodigal, just to gratify a whim, as when he flung the gold coins to Dinnies Kleist, merely to see if he could break them.

at the time that

From this reading _Of the distress in Pomeranian land--Item, how Sidonia and Johann Appelmann determine to join the robbers in the vicinity of Stargard._ When my gracious lord, Duke Johann Frederick, succeeded to the government, he had no idea of hoarding up his money in old pots, but lavished it freely upon all kinds of buildings, hounds, horses--in short, upon everything that could make his court and castle luxurious and magnificent.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

a sudden desire

From this reading Indeed, he was often as prodigal, just to gratify a whim, as when he flung the gold coins to Dinnies Kleist, merely to see if he could break them.

which person or people

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.

in the company of; together with

From this reading For instance, he was not content with the old ducal residence at Stettin, but must pull it down and build another in the forest, not far from Stargard, with churches, towers, stables, and all kinds of buildings; and this new residence he called after his own name, Friedrichswald.

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading _Item_, my gracious lord had many princely visitors, who would come with a train of six hundred horses or more; and his princely spouse, the Duchess Erdmuth, was a lady of munificent spirit, and flung away gold by handfuls; so that in a short time his Highness had run through all his forefathers' savings, and his incoming revenue was greatly diminished by the large annuity which he had to pay to old Duke Barnim.