Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly
Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly is here in full — 112 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly
Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
ALARMING SYMPTOMS OF THE ENEMY'S APPROACH.
I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.
And here I have presented you with a very clever one.
This general, McDowell McCook, chanced to be in the city, when the government, becoming alarmed, placed him in command, and sent him out to defend the capital.
This was unfortunate for the poor gentleman, and he at once became alarmed at finding himself in such a position, and so near the War Department.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly is here in full — 112 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ALARMING SYMPTOMS OF THE ENEMY'S APPROACH.
/əˈlɑːrmɪŋ ˈsɪmptəmz ʌv ðə ˈenəmiz əˈproʊtʃ/
Line 2
I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.
/aɪ noʊ juː wɪl biː ˈæŋkʃəs tuː siː ə ˈpɔːrtrət ʌv ðə dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt ˈdʒenərəl huː wɑːz fɜːrst əˈsaɪnd tuː ðə dɪˈfens ʌv ˈwɑːʃɪŋtən ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə siːdʒ/
Line 3
And here I have presented you with a very clever one.
/ənd hiːr aɪ hæv priˈzentɪd juː wɪð ə ˈveri ˈklevər wʌn/
Line 4
This general, McDowell McCook, chanced to be in the city, when the government, becoming alarmed, placed him in command, and sent him out to defend the capital.
Line 5
This was unfortunate for the poor gentleman, and he at once became alarmed at finding himself in such a position, and so near the War Department.
/ðɪs wɑːz ənˈfɔːrtʃənət fɔːr ðə puːr ˈdʒentəlmən ənd hiː æt wʌns bɪˈkeɪm əˈlɑːrmd æt ˈfaɪndɪŋ hɪmˈself ɪn sʌtʃ ə pəˈzɪʃən ənd soʊ nɪr ðə wɔːr dɪˈpɑːrtmənt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

alarming adjective US /əˈlɑːrmɪŋ/

frightening because of an awareness of danger

From this reading “ALARMING SYMPTOMS OF THE ENEMY'S APPROACH.”

assigned adjective US /əˈsaɪnd/

appointed to a post or duty

From this reading “I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.”

chanced verb US /tʃænst/

past form of “chance” — be the case by chance

From this reading “This general, McDowell McCook, chanced to be in the city, when the government, becoming alarmed, placed him in command, and sent him out to defend the capital.”

defense noun US /dɪˈfens/

(military) military action or resources protecting a country against potential enemies

From this reading “I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.”

Department noun US /dɪˈpɑːrtmənt/

a specialized division of a large organization

From this reading “This was unfortunate for the poor gentleman, and he at once became alarmed at finding himself in such a position, and so near the War Department.”

enemy's noun US /ˈenəmiz/

possessive form of “enemy” — an opposing military force

From this reading “ALARMING SYMPTOMS OF THE ENEMY'S APPROACH.”

siege noun US /siːdʒ/

the action of an armed force that surrounds a fortified place and isolates it while continuing to attack

From this reading “I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.”

symptoms noun US /ˈsɪmptəmz/

plural of “symptom” — (medicine) any sensation or change in bodily function that is experienced by a patient and is associated with a particular disease

From this reading “ALARMING SYMPTOMS OF THE ENEMY'S APPROACH.”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.

alarmedadjectiveUS /əˈlɑːrmd/

experiencing a sudden sense of danger

From this reading This general, McDowell McCook, chanced to be in the city, when the government, becoming alarmed, placed him in command, and sent him out to defend the capital.

ALARMINGadjectiveUS /əˈlɑːrmɪŋ/

frightening because of an awareness of danger

From this reading ALARMING SYMPTOMS OF THE ENEMY'S APPROACH.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading And here I have presented you with a very clever one.

anxiousadjectiveUS /ˈæŋkʃəs/

eagerly desirous

From this reading I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.

APPROACHverbUS /əˈproʊtʃ/

move towards

From this reading ALARMING SYMPTOMS OF THE ENEMY'S APPROACH.

assignedadjectiveUS /əˈsaɪnd/

appointed to a post or duty

From this reading I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading This was unfortunate for the poor gentleman, and he at once became alarmed at finding himself in such a position, and so near the War Department.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading This was unfortunate for the poor gentleman, and he at once became alarmed at finding himself in such a position, and so near the War Department.

becomingadjectiveUS /bɪˈkʌmɪŋ/

according with custom or propriety

From this reading This general, McDowell McCook, chanced to be in the city, when the government, becoming alarmed, placed him in command, and sent him out to defend the capital.

capitalnounUS /ˈkæpətəl/

assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading This general, McDowell McCook, chanced to be in the city, when the government, becoming alarmed, placed him in command, and sent him out to defend the capital.

chancedverbUS /tʃænst/

past form of “chance” — be the case by chance

From this reading This general, McDowell McCook, chanced to be in the city, when the government, becoming alarmed, placed him in command, and sent him out to defend the capital.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading This general, McDowell McCook, chanced to be in the city, when the government, becoming alarmed, placed him in command, and sent him out to defend the capital.

cleveradjectiveUS /ˈklevər/

showing self-interest and shrewdness in dealing with others

From this reading And here I have presented you with a very clever one.

commandnounUS /kəˈmænd/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading This general, McDowell McCook, chanced to be in the city, when the government, becoming alarmed, placed him in command, and sent him out to defend the capital.

defendverbUS /dɪˈfend/

argue or speak in defense of

From this reading This general, McDowell McCook, chanced to be in the city, when the government, becoming alarmed, placed him in command, and sent him out to defend the capital.

defensenounUS /dɪˈfens/

(military) military action or resources protecting a country against potential enemies

From this reading I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.

DepartmentnounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtmənt/

a specialized division of a large organization

From this reading This was unfortunate for the poor gentleman, and he at once became alarmed at finding himself in such a position, and so near the War Department.

distinguishedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt/

(used of persons) standing above others in character or attainment or reputation

From this reading I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.

ENEMY'SnounUS /ˈenəmiz/

possessive form of “enemy” — an opposing military force

From this reading ALARMING SYMPTOMS OF THE ENEMY'S APPROACH.

findingnounUS /ˈfaɪndɪŋ/

the act of determining the properties of something, usually by research or calculation

From this reading This was unfortunate for the poor gentleman, and he at once became alarmed at finding himself in such a position, and so near the War Department.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading This was unfortunate for the poor gentleman, and he at once became alarmed at finding himself in such a position, and so near the War Department.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.

gentlemannounUS /ˈdʒentəlmən/

a man of refinement

From this reading This was unfortunate for the poor gentleman, and he at once became alarmed at finding himself in such a position, and so near the War Department.

governmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading This general, McDowell McCook, chanced to be in the city, when the government, becoming alarmed, placed him in command, and sent him out to defend the capital.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading And here I have presented you with a very clever one.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading This was unfortunate for the poor gentleman, and he at once became alarmed at finding himself in such a position, and so near the War Department.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading And here I have presented you with a very clever one.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading This general, McDowell McCook, chanced to be in the city, when the government, becoming alarmed, placed him in command, and sent him out to defend the capital.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading This was unfortunate for the poor gentleman, and he at once became alarmed at finding himself in such a position, and so near the War Department.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading This general, McDowell McCook, chanced to be in the city, when the government, becoming alarmed, placed him in command, and sent him out to defend the capital.

KNOWverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.

McCook

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This general, McDowell McCook, chanced to be in the city, when the government, becoming alarmed, placed him in command, and sent him out to defend the capital.

McDowell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This general, McDowell McCook, chanced to be in the city, when the government, becoming alarmed, placed him in command, and sent him out to defend the capital.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading This was unfortunate for the poor gentleman, and he at once became alarmed at finding himself in such a position, and so near the War Department.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading ALARMING SYMPTOMS OF THE ENEMY'S APPROACH.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading This was unfortunate for the poor gentleman, and he at once became alarmed at finding himself in such a position, and so near the War Department.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading And here I have presented you with a very clever one.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading This general, McDowell McCook, chanced to be in the city, when the government, becoming alarmed, placed him in command, and sent him out to defend the capital.

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading This general, McDowell McCook, chanced to be in the city, when the government, becoming alarmed, placed him in command, and sent him out to defend the capital.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading This was unfortunate for the poor gentleman, and he at once became alarmed at finding himself in such a position, and so near the War Department.

portraitnounUS /ˈpɔːrtrət/

a word picture of a person's appearance and character

From this reading I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.

positionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading This was unfortunate for the poor gentleman, and he at once became alarmed at finding himself in such a position, and so near the War Department.

presentedverbUS /priˈzentɪd/

past form of “present” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading And here I have presented you with a very clever one.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading This general, McDowell McCook, chanced to be in the city, when the government, becoming alarmed, placed him in command, and sent him out to defend the capital.

siegenounUS /siːdʒ/

the action of an armed force that surrounds a fortified place and isolates it while continuing to attack

From this reading I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading This was unfortunate for the poor gentleman, and he at once became alarmed at finding himself in such a position, and so near the War Department.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading This was unfortunate for the poor gentleman, and he at once became alarmed at finding himself in such a position, and so near the War Department.

SYMPTOMSnounUS /ˈsɪmptəmz/

plural of “symptom” — (medicine) any sensation or change in bodily function that is experienced by a patient and is associated with a particular disease

From this reading ALARMING SYMPTOMS OF THE ENEMY'S APPROACH.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading ALARMING SYMPTOMS OF THE ENEMY'S APPROACH.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This general, McDowell McCook, chanced to be in the city, when the government, becoming alarmed, placed him in command, and sent him out to defend the capital.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.

unfortunateadjectiveUS /ənˈfɔːrtʃənət/

not favored by fortune; marked or accompanied by or resulting in ill fortune

From this reading This was unfortunate for the poor gentleman, and he at once became alarmed at finding himself in such a position, and so near the War Department.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading And here I have presented you with a very clever one.

WarnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading This was unfortunate for the poor gentleman, and he at once became alarmed at finding himself in such a position, and so near the War Department.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.

WashingtonnounUS /ˈwɑːʃɪŋtən/

the capital of the United States in the District of Columbia and a tourist mecca; George Washington commissioned Charles L'Enfant to lay out the city in 1791

From this reading I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading This general, McDowell McCook, chanced to be in the city, when the government, becoming alarmed, placed him in command, and sent him out to defend the capital.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading And here I have presented you with a very clever one.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading I KNOW you will be anxious to see a portrait of the distinguished general who was first assigned to the defense of Washington during the siege.

Chapter 11 of Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly by F. Colburn (Francis Colburn) Adams holds 112 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly contain?

Chapter 11 holds 112 sentences of Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly by F. Colburn (Francis Colburn) Adams exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 112 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly

Common questions about reading Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly by F. Colburn (Francis Colburn) Adams on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly?

Yes. All 1021 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4668 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4668, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly take to read?

About 85 minutes of reading across 205 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly section by section

How to work through Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 14 chapters of Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly

Words and structures a reader meets early in Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Settle
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Differences
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Present
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Exact
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Siege of Washington, D.C., written expressly; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.