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Sink or Swim
Sink or Swim

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Sink or Swim is here in full — 79 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Sink or Swim
Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE VERNON HIGH SCHOOL.
Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote.”
These words were declaimed in a clear, ringing voice from the platform of the Vernon High School.
The speaker was a boy of fifteen, well-knit, and vigorous, with a frank, manly expression, and a prepossessing face.
His dark chestnut hair waved slightly above a high, intellectual brow, and his attitude, as he faced his school-mates, was one of ease and unconscious grace.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Sink or Swim

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Sink or Swim is here in full — 79 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE VERNON HIGH SCHOOL.
Line 2
Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote.”
/sɪŋk ɔːr swɪm laɪv ɔːr daɪ sərˈvaɪv ɔːr ˈperɪʃ aɪ ɡɪv maɪ hænd ənd maɪ hɑːrt tuː ðɪs voʊt/
Line 3
These words were declaimed in a clear, ringing voice from the platform of the Vernon High School.
Line 4
The speaker was a boy of fifteen, well-knit, and vigorous, with a frank, manly expression, and a prepossessing face.
Line 5
His dark chestnut hair waved slightly above a high, intellectual brow, and his attitude, as he faced his school-mates, was one of ease and unconscious grace.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chestnut adjective US /ˈtʃesnʌt/

(of hair or feathers) of a golden brown to reddish brown color

From this reading “His dark chestnut hair waved slightly above a high, intellectual brow, and his attitude, as he faced his school-mates, was one of ease and unconscious grace.”

declaimed verb US /dɪˈkleɪmd/

past form of “declaim” — recite in elocution

From this reading “These words were declaimed in a clear, ringing voice from the platform of the Vernon High School.”

manly adjective US /ˈmænli/

possessing qualities befitting a man

From this reading “The speaker was a boy of fifteen, well-knit, and vigorous, with a frank, manly expression, and a prepossessing face.”

perish verb US /ˈperɪʃ/

pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading ““Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote.””

ringing noun US /ˈrɪŋɪŋ/

the sound of a bell ringing

From this reading “These words were declaimed in a clear, ringing voice from the platform of the Vernon High School.”

survive verb US /sərˈvaɪv/

continue to live and avoid dying

From this reading ““Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote.””

vigorous adjective US /ˈvɪɡərəs/

characterized by forceful and energetic action or activity

From this reading “The speaker was a boy of fifteen, well-knit, and vigorous, with a frank, manly expression, and a prepossessing face.”

vote noun US /voʊt/

a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative

From this reading ““Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote.””

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

chestnut hair adjective + noun

In this reading “His dark chestnut hair waved slightly above a high, intellectual brow, and his attitude, as he faced his school-mates, was one of ease and unconscious grace.”

HIGH SCHOOL adjective + noun

a public secondary school usually including grades 9 through 12

In this reading “THE VERNON HIGH SCHOOL.”

ringing voice noun + noun

In this reading “These words were declaimed in a clear, ringing voice from the platform of the Vernon High School.”

hair waved noun + noun counted as “hair wave”

In this reading “His dark chestnut hair waved slightly above a high, intellectual brow, and his attitude, as he faced his school-mates, was one of ease and unconscious grace.”

from the platform preposition + article + noun counted as “from … platform”

In this reading “These words were declaimed in a clear, ringing voice from the platform of the Vernon High School.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading These words were declaimed in a clear, ringing voice from the platform of the Vernon High School.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading His dark chestnut hair waved slightly above a high, intellectual brow, and his attitude, as he faced his school-mates, was one of ease and unconscious grace.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading “Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote.”

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading His dark chestnut hair waved slightly above a high, intellectual brow, and his attitude, as he faced his school-mates, was one of ease and unconscious grace.

attitudenounUS /ˈætətuːd/

a complex mental state involving beliefs and feelings and values and dispositions to act in certain ways

From this reading His dark chestnut hair waved slightly above a high, intellectual brow, and his attitude, as he faced his school-mates, was one of ease and unconscious grace.

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading The speaker was a boy of fifteen, well-knit, and vigorous, with a frank, manly expression, and a prepossessing face.

brownounUS /braʊ/

the part of the face above the eyes

From this reading His dark chestnut hair waved slightly above a high, intellectual brow, and his attitude, as he faced his school-mates, was one of ease and unconscious grace.

chestnutadjectiveUS /ˈtʃesnʌt/

(of hair or feathers) of a golden brown to reddish brown color

From this reading His dark chestnut hair waved slightly above a high, intellectual brow, and his attitude, as he faced his school-mates, was one of ease and unconscious grace.

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading These words were declaimed in a clear, ringing voice from the platform of the Vernon High School.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading His dark chestnut hair waved slightly above a high, intellectual brow, and his attitude, as he faced his school-mates, was one of ease and unconscious grace.

declaimedverbUS /dɪˈkleɪmd/

past form of “declaim” — recite in elocution

From this reading These words were declaimed in a clear, ringing voice from the platform of the Vernon High School.

dieverbUS /daɪ/

pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading “Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote.”

easeverbUS /iːz/

move gently or carefully

From this reading His dark chestnut hair waved slightly above a high, intellectual brow, and his attitude, as he faced his school-mates, was one of ease and unconscious grace.

expressionnounUS /ɪkˈspreʃən/

the feelings expressed on a person's face

From this reading The speaker was a boy of fifteen, well-knit, and vigorous, with a frank, manly expression, and a prepossessing face.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading The speaker was a boy of fifteen, well-knit, and vigorous, with a frank, manly expression, and a prepossessing face.

facedadjectiveUS /feɪst/

having a face or facing especially of a specified kind or number; often used in combination

From this reading His dark chestnut hair waved slightly above a high, intellectual brow, and his attitude, as he faced his school-mates, was one of ease and unconscious grace.

fifteennounUS /fɪfˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of fourteen and one

From this reading The speaker was a boy of fifteen, well-knit, and vigorous, with a frank, manly expression, and a prepossessing face.

frankadjectiveUS /fræŋk/

characterized by directness in manner or speech; without subtlety or evasion

From this reading The speaker was a boy of fifteen, well-knit, and vigorous, with a frank, manly expression, and a prepossessing face.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading These words were declaimed in a clear, ringing voice from the platform of the Vernon High School.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading “Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote.”

gracenounUS /ɡreɪs/

(Christian theology) a state of sanctification by God; the state of one who is under such divine influence

From this reading His dark chestnut hair waved slightly above a high, intellectual brow, and his attitude, as he faced his school-mates, was one of ease and unconscious grace.

hairnounUS /her/

a covering for the body (or parts of it) consisting of a dense growth of threadlike structures (as on the human head); helps to prevent heat loss

From this reading His dark chestnut hair waved slightly above a high, intellectual brow, and his attitude, as he faced his school-mates, was one of ease and unconscious grace.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading “Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote.”

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading His dark chestnut hair waved slightly above a high, intellectual brow, and his attitude, as he faced his school-mates, was one of ease and unconscious grace.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading “Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote.”

HIGHadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading THE VERNON HIGH SCHOOL.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His dark chestnut hair waved slightly above a high, intellectual brow, and his attitude, as he faced his school-mates, was one of ease and unconscious grace.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading “Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote.”

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading These words were declaimed in a clear, ringing voice from the platform of the Vernon High School.

intellectualadjectiveUS /ˌɪntəˈlektʃuːəl/

of or associated with or requiring the use of the mind

From this reading His dark chestnut hair waved slightly above a high, intellectual brow, and his attitude, as he faced his school-mates, was one of ease and unconscious grace.

liveverbUS /laɪv/

be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading “Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote.”

manlyadjectiveUS /ˈmænli/

possessing qualities befitting a man

From this reading The speaker was a boy of fifteen, well-knit, and vigorous, with a frank, manly expression, and a prepossessing face.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading “Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote.”

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading These words were declaimed in a clear, ringing voice from the platform of the Vernon High School.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading His dark chestnut hair waved slightly above a high, intellectual brow, and his attitude, as he faced his school-mates, was one of ease and unconscious grace.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading “Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote.”

perishverbUS /ˈperɪʃ/

pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading “Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote.”

platformnounUS /ˈplætfɔːrm/

a raised horizontal surface

From this reading These words were declaimed in a clear, ringing voice from the platform of the Vernon High School.

prepossessingadjective

creating a favorable impression

From this reading The speaker was a boy of fifteen, well-knit, and vigorous, with a frank, manly expression, and a prepossessing face.

ringingnounUS /ˈrɪŋɪŋ/

the sound of a bell ringing

From this reading These words were declaimed in a clear, ringing voice from the platform of the Vernon High School.

SCHOOLnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading THE VERNON HIGH SCHOOL.

school-mates

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His dark chestnut hair waved slightly above a high, intellectual brow, and his attitude, as he faced his school-mates, was one of ease and unconscious grace.

SinkverbUS /sɪŋk/

fall or descend to a lower place or level

From this reading “Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote.”

slightlyadverbUS /ˈslaɪtli/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading His dark chestnut hair waved slightly above a high, intellectual brow, and his attitude, as he faced his school-mates, was one of ease and unconscious grace.

speakernounUS /ˈspiːkər/

someone who expresses in language; someone who talks (especially someone who delivers a public speech or someone especially garrulous)

From this reading The speaker was a boy of fifteen, well-knit, and vigorous, with a frank, manly expression, and a prepossessing face.

surviveverbUS /sərˈvaɪv/

continue to live and avoid dying

From this reading “Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote.”

swimverbUS /swɪm/

travel through water

From this reading “Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote.”

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE VERNON HIGH SCHOOL.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These words were declaimed in a clear, ringing voice from the platform of the Vernon High School.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading “Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote.”

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading “Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote.”

unconsciousadjectiveUS /ˌʌnˈkɑːnʃəs/

not conscious; lacking awareness and the capacity for sensory perception as if asleep or dead

From this reading His dark chestnut hair waved slightly above a high, intellectual brow, and his attitude, as he faced his school-mates, was one of ease and unconscious grace.

VERNON

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE VERNON HIGH SCHOOL.

vigorousadjectiveUS /ˈvɪɡərəs/

characterized by forceful and energetic action or activity

From this reading The speaker was a boy of fifteen, well-knit, and vigorous, with a frank, manly expression, and a prepossessing face.

voicenounUS /vɔɪs/

the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading These words were declaimed in a clear, ringing voice from the platform of the Vernon High School.

votenounUS /voʊt/

a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative

From this reading “Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote.”

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The speaker was a boy of fifteen, well-knit, and vigorous, with a frank, manly expression, and a prepossessing face.

wavedverbUS /weɪvd/

past form of “wave” — signal with the hands or nod

From this reading His dark chestnut hair waved slightly above a high, intellectual brow, and his attitude, as he faced his school-mates, was one of ease and unconscious grace.

well-knitadjective

strongly and firmly constructed

From this reading The speaker was a boy of fifteen, well-knit, and vigorous, with a frank, manly expression, and a prepossessing face.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading These words were declaimed in a clear, ringing voice from the platform of the Vernon High School.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The speaker was a boy of fifteen, well-knit, and vigorous, with a frank, manly expression, and a prepossessing face.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading These words were declaimed in a clear, ringing voice from the platform of the Vernon High School.

Chapter 1 of Sink or Swim by Horatio, Jr. Alger holds 79 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Sink or Swim contain?

Chapter 1 holds 79 sentences of Sink or Swim, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Sink or Swim by Horatio, Jr. Alger exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 79 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Sink or Swim?

Work through the 16 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 16 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Sink or Swim

Common questions about reading Sink or Swim by Horatio, Jr. Alger on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Sink or Swim?

Yes. All 4592 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #59517 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Sink or Swim is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #59517, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Sink or Swim take to read?

About 382 minutes of reading across 919 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Sink or Swim section by section

How to work through Sink or Swim section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 36 chapters of Sink or Swim to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Sink or Swim

Words and structures a reader meets early in Sink or Swim, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Vernon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
School
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Survive
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Perish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.