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Sink or Swim
Sink or Swim

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of Sink or Swim is here in full — 118 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
HARRY OBTAINS A PLACE.
On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.
This store was kept by Jonas Porter, a man over fifty, in rather poor health.
On this account he was obliged to depend considerably upon two young men, whom he employed as assistants.
One of them, John Gaylord, was twenty-five years of age, and an efficient salesman.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Sink or Swim

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of Sink or Swim is here in full — 118 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
HARRY OBTAINS A PLACE.
/ˈheri əbˈteɪnz ə pleɪs/
Line 2
On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.
/ɑːn ðə weɪ bæk frʌm skwaɪr ˈtɜːrnərz ˈheri stept ˈɪntuː ðə ˈvɪlədʒ stɔːr æz hiː hæd wʌn ɔːr tuː smɔːl ˈɑːrtəkəlz tuː ˈpɜːrtʃəs fɔːr hɪz ˈmʌðər/
Line 3
This store was kept by Jonas Porter, a man over fifty, in rather poor health.
Line 4
On this account he was obliged to depend considerably upon two young men, whom he employed as assistants.
/ɑːn ðɪs əˈkaʊnt hiː wɑːz əˈblaɪdʒd tuː dɪˈpend kənˈsɪdərəbli əˈpɑːn tuː jʌŋ men huːm hiː emˈplɔɪd æz əˈsɪstənts/
Line 5
One of them, John Gaylord, was twenty-five years of age, and an efficient salesman.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

assistants noun US /əˈsɪstənts/

plural of “assistant” — a person who contributes to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose

From this reading “On this account he was obliged to depend considerably upon two young men, whom he employed as assistants.”

considerably adverb US /kənˈsɪdərəbli/

to a great extent or degree

From this reading “On this account he was obliged to depend considerably upon two young men, whom he employed as assistants.”

efficient adjective US /ɪˈfɪʃənt/

being effective without wasting time or effort or expense

From this reading “One of them, John Gaylord, was twenty-five years of age, and an efficient salesman.”

obtains verb US /əbˈteɪnz/

third-person singular of “obtain” — come into possession of

From this reading “HARRY OBTAINS A PLACE.”

purchase noun US /ˈpɜːrtʃəs/

the acquisition of something for payment

From this reading “On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.”

salesman noun US /ˈseɪlzmən/

a man salesperson

From this reading “One of them, John Gaylord, was twenty-five years of age, and an efficient salesman.”

Turner's noun US /ˈtɜːrnərz/

possessive form of “turner” — United States slave and insurrectionist who in 1831 led a rebellion of slaves in Virginia; he was captured and executed (1800-1831)

twenty-five adjective US /ˈtwentifaɪv/

being five more than twenty

From this reading “One of them, John Gaylord, was twenty-five years of age, and an efficient salesman.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

twenty-five years adjective + noun

In this reading “One of them, John Gaylord, was twenty-five years of age, and an efficient salesman.”

young men adjective + noun

In this reading “On this account he was obliged to depend considerably upon two young men, whom he employed as assistants.”

small articles adjective + noun counted as “small article”

In this reading “On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.”

village store noun + noun

In this reading “On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.”

poor health adjective + noun

In this reading “This store was kept by Jonas Porter, a man over fifty, in rather poor health.”

into the village preposition + article + noun counted as “into … village”

In this reading “On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.”

On the way preposition + article + noun counted as “on … way”

on a route to some place

In this reading “On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading HARRY OBTAINS A PLACE.

accountnounUS /əˈkaʊnt/

a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading On this account he was obliged to depend considerably upon two young men, whom he employed as assistants.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading One of them, John Gaylord, was twenty-five years of age, and an efficient salesman.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading One of them, John Gaylord, was twenty-five years of age, and an efficient salesman.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading One of them, John Gaylord, was twenty-five years of age, and an efficient salesman.

articlesnounUS /ˈɑːrtəkəlz/

plural of “article” — nonfictional prose forming an independent part of a publication

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

assistantsnounUS /əˈsɪstənts/

plural of “assistant” — a person who contributes to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose

From this reading On this account he was obliged to depend considerably upon two young men, whom he employed as assistants.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading This store was kept by Jonas Porter, a man over fifty, in rather poor health.

considerablyadverbUS /kənˈsɪdərəbli/

to a great extent or degree

From this reading On this account he was obliged to depend considerably upon two young men, whom he employed as assistants.

dependverbUS /dɪˈpend/

be contingent upon (something that is elided)

From this reading On this account he was obliged to depend considerably upon two young men, whom he employed as assistants.

efficientadjectiveUS /ɪˈfɪʃənt/

being effective without wasting time or effort or expense

From this reading One of them, John Gaylord, was twenty-five years of age, and an efficient salesman.

employedadjectiveUS /emˈplɔɪd/

having your services engaged for; or having a job especially one that pays wages or a salary

From this reading On this account he was obliged to depend considerably upon two young men, whom he employed as assistants.

fiftynounUS /ˈfɪfti/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and five

From this reading This store was kept by Jonas Porter, a man over fifty, in rather poor health.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

Gaylord

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of them, John Gaylord, was twenty-five years of age, and an efficient salesman.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

HARRYverbUS /ˈheri/

annoy continually or chronically

From this reading HARRY OBTAINS A PLACE.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

healthnounUS /helθ/

a healthy state of wellbeing free from disease

From this reading This store was kept by Jonas Porter, a man over fifty, in rather poor health.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading This store was kept by Jonas Porter, a man over fifty, in rather poor health.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading One of them, John Gaylord, was twenty-five years of age, and an efficient salesman.

Jonas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This store was kept by Jonas Porter, a man over fifty, in rather poor health.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading This store was kept by Jonas Porter, a man over fifty, in rather poor health.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading This store was kept by Jonas Porter, a man over fifty, in rather poor health.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading On this account he was obliged to depend considerably upon two young men, whom he employed as assistants.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

obligedadjectiveUS /əˈblaɪdʒd/

under a moral obligation to do something

From this reading On this account he was obliged to depend considerably upon two young men, whom he employed as assistants.

OBTAINSverbUS /əbˈteɪnz/

third-person singular of “obtain” — come into possession of

From this reading HARRY OBTAINS A PLACE.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading One of them, John Gaylord, was twenty-five years of age, and an efficient salesman.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading This store was kept by Jonas Porter, a man over fifty, in rather poor health.

PLACEnounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading HARRY OBTAINS A PLACE.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading This store was kept by Jonas Porter, a man over fifty, in rather poor health.

PorternounUS /ˈpɔːrtər/

a person employed to carry luggage and supplies

From this reading This store was kept by Jonas Porter, a man over fifty, in rather poor health.

purchasenounUS /ˈpɜːrtʃəs/

the acquisition of something for payment

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading This store was kept by Jonas Porter, a man over fifty, in rather poor health.

salesmannounUS /ˈseɪlzmən/

a man salesperson

From this reading One of them, John Gaylord, was twenty-five years of age, and an efficient salesman.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

SquirenounUS /skwaɪr/

young nobleman attendant on a knight

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

steppedverbUS /stept/

inflected form of “step” — shift or move by taking a step

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

storenounUS /stɔːr/

a mercantile establishment for the retail sale of goods or services

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading One of them, John Gaylord, was twenty-five years of age, and an efficient salesman.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This store was kept by Jonas Porter, a man over fifty, in rather poor health.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

Turner'snounUS /ˈtɜːrnərz/

possessive form of “turner” — United States slave and insurrectionist who in 1831 led a rebellion of slaves in Virginia; he was captured and executed (1800-1831)

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

twenty-fiveadjectiveUS /ˈtwentifaɪv/

being five more than twenty

From this reading One of them, John Gaylord, was twenty-five years of age, and an efficient salesman.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading On this account he was obliged to depend considerably upon two young men, whom he employed as assistants.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This store was kept by Jonas Porter, a man over fifty, in rather poor health.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading On the way back from Squire Turner’s, Harry stepped into the village store, as he had one or two small articles to purchase for his mother.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading On this account he was obliged to depend considerably upon two young men, whom he employed as assistants.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading One of them, John Gaylord, was twenty-five years of age, and an efficient salesman.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading On this account he was obliged to depend considerably upon two young men, whom he employed as assistants.

Chapter 6 of Sink or Swim by Horatio, Jr. Alger holds 118 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 6 of Sink or Swim contain?

Chapter 6 holds 118 sentences of Sink or Swim, unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 6 of Sink or Swim by Horatio, Jr. Alger exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 118 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 6 of Sink or Swim?

Work through the 24 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 24 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 6 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 6 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Sink or Swim

Common questions about reading Sink or Swim by Horatio, Jr. Alger on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Sink or Swim?

Yes. All 4592 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #59517 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Sink or Swim is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #59517, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Sink or Swim take to read?

About 382 minutes of reading across 919 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Sink or Swim section by section

How to work through Sink or Swim section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 36 chapters of Sink or Swim to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Sink or Swim

Words and structures a reader meets early in Sink or Swim, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Vernon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
School
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Survive
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Perish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.