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Sink or Swim
Sink or Swim

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Sink or Swim is here in full — 109 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A MEAN TRICK.
Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.
For various reasons James cherished a dislike of our hero, which he was not likely to get over very soon.
Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.
Again, James aspired to be a leader among the boys at school and in the village.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Sink or Swim

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Sink or Swim is here in full — 109 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A MEAN TRICK.
/ə miːn trɪk/
Line 2
Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.
Line 3
For various reasons James cherished a dislike of our hero, which he was not likely to get over very soon.
/fɔːr ˈveriəs ˈriːzənz dʒeɪmz ˈtʃerɪʃt ə dɪˈslaɪk ʌv ˈaʊər ˈhɪroʊ wɪtʃ hiː wɑːz nɑːt ˈlaɪkli tuː ɡet ˈoʊvər ˈveri suːn/
Line 4
Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.
Line 5
Again, James aspired to be a leader among the boys at school and in the village.
/əˈɡen dʒeɪmz əˈspaɪrd tuː biː ə ˈliːdər əˈmʌŋ ðə bɔɪz æt skuːl ənd ɪn ðə ˈvɪlədʒ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aspired verb US /əˈspaɪrd/

past form of “aspire” — have an ambitious plan or a lofty goal

From this reading “Again, James aspired to be a leader among the boys at school and in the village.”

cherished adjective US /ˈtʃerɪʃt/

characterized by feeling or showing fond affection for

From this reading “For various reasons James cherished a dislike of our hero, which he was not likely to get over very soon.”

chronicled verb US /ˈkrɑːnɪkəld/

past form of “chronicle” — record in chronological order; make a historical record

From this reading “Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.”

deserves verb US /dɪˈzɜːrvz/

third-person singular of “deserve” — be worthy or deserving

From this reading “Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.”

distanced verb US /ˈdɪstənst/

past form of “distance” — keep at a distance

From this reading “Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.”

partiality noun US /ˌpɑːrʃiˈæləti/

a predisposition to like something

From this reading “Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.”

Porter's noun US /ˈpɔːrtərz/

possessive form of “porter” — a person employed to carry luggage and supplies

Turner noun US /ˈtɜːrnər/

United States slave and insurrectionist who in 1831 led a rebellion of slaves in Virginia; he was captured and executed (1800-1831)

From this reading “Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

few days adjective + noun

In this reading “Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.”

carried off verb + particle counted as “carry off”

be successful; achieve a goal

In this reading “Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.”

MEAN TRICK verb + noun

In this reading “A MEAN TRICK.”

various reasons adjective + noun counted as “various reason”

In this reading “For various reasons James cherished a dislike of our hero, which he was not likely to get over very soon.”

at school preposition + noun

In this reading “Again, James aspired to be a leader among the boys at school and in the village.”

get over verb + particle

travel across or pass over

In this reading “For various reasons James cherished a dislike of our hero, which he was not likely to get over very soon.”

in the village preposition + article + noun counted as “in … village”

In this reading “Again, James aspired to be a leader among the boys at school and in the village.”

All words in this reading · 69

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A MEAN TRICK.

AgainadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Again, James aspired to be a leader among the boys at school and in the village.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Again, James aspired to be a leader among the boys at school and in the village.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.

aspiredverbUS /əˈspaɪrd/

past form of “aspire” — have an ambitious plan or a lofty goal

From this reading Again, James aspired to be a leader among the boys at school and in the village.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Again, James aspired to be a leader among the boys at school and in the village.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.

boysnounUS /bɔɪz/

plural of “boy” — a youthful male person

From this reading Again, James aspired to be a leader among the boys at school and in the village.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.

cherishedadjectiveUS /ˈtʃerɪʃt/

characterized by feeling or showing fond affection for

From this reading For various reasons James cherished a dislike of our hero, which he was not likely to get over very soon.

chronicledverbUS /ˈkrɑːnɪkəld/

past form of “chronicle” — record in chronological order; make a historical record

From this reading Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.

declamationnoun

vehement oratory

From this reading Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.

deservesverbUS /dɪˈzɜːrvz/

third-person singular of “deserve” — be worthy or deserving

From this reading Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.

difficultynounUS /ˈdɪfəkəlti/

an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.

dislikenounUS /dɪˈslaɪk/

an inclination to withhold approval from some person or group

From this reading For various reasons James cherished a dislike of our hero, which he was not likely to get over very soon.

distancedverbUS /ˈdɪstənst/

past form of “distance” — keep at a distance

From this reading Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.

employedadjectiveUS /emˈplɔɪd/

having your services engaged for; or having a job especially one that pays wages or a salary

From this reading Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For various reasons James cherished a dislike of our hero, which he was not likely to get over very soon.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading For various reasons James cherished a dislike of our hero, which he was not likely to get over very soon.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.

HarryverbUS /ˈheri/

annoy continually or chronically

From this reading Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.

heronounUS /ˈhɪroʊ/

a man distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength

From this reading For various reasons James cherished a dislike of our hero, which he was not likely to get over very soon.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.

JamesnounUS /dʒeɪmz/

a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)

From this reading Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.

leadernounUS /ˈliːdər/

a person who rules or guides or inspires others

From this reading Again, James aspired to be a leader among the boys at school and in the village.

likelyadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪkli/

has a good chance of being the case or of coming about

From this reading For various reasons James cherished a dislike of our hero, which he was not likely to get over very soon.

MEANverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading A MEAN TRICK.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading For various reasons James cherished a dislike of our hero, which he was not likely to get over very soon.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading For various reasons James cherished a dislike of our hero, which he was not likely to get over very soon.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading For various reasons James cherished a dislike of our hero, which he was not likely to get over very soon.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading For various reasons James cherished a dislike of our hero, which he was not likely to get over very soon.

partialitynounUS /ˌpɑːrʃiˈæləti/

a predisposition to like something

From this reading Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.

persuadedverbUS /pərˈsweɪdɪd/

past form of “persuade” — win approval or support for

From this reading Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.

Porter'snounUS /ˈpɔːrtərz/

possessive form of “porter” — a person employed to carry luggage and supplies

From this reading Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.

prizenounUS /praɪz/

something given for victory or superiority in a contest or competition or for winning a lottery

From this reading Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.

Raymond

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.

reasonsnounUS /ˈriːzənz/

plural of “reason” — a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading For various reasons James cherished a dislike of our hero, which he was not likely to get over very soon.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading Again, James aspired to be a leader among the boys at school and in the village.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading For various reasons James cherished a dislike of our hero, which he was not likely to get over very soon.

storenounUS /stɔːr/

a mercantile establishment for the retail sale of goods or services

From this reading Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.

studiesnounUS /ˈstʌdiz/

plural of “study” — a detailed critical inspection

From this reading Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.

TowernounUS /ˈtaʊər/

a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.

TRICKnounUS /trɪk/

a cunning or deceitful action or device

From this reading A MEAN TRICK.

TurnernounUS /ˈtɜːrnər/

United States slave and insurrectionist who in 1831 led a rebellion of slaves in Virginia; he was captured and executed (1800-1831)

From this reading Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading For various reasons James cherished a dislike of our hero, which he was not likely to get over very soon.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading For various reasons James cherished a dislike of our hero, which he was not likely to get over very soon.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading Again, James aspired to be a leader among the boys at school and in the village.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading For various reasons James cherished a dislike of our hero, which he was not likely to get over very soon.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Harry Raymond had been employed in Mr. Porter’s store but a few days when he had a difficulty with James Turner, which deserves to be chronicled.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Harry had always distanced him in his studies, and, as we have seen, had carried off the prize for declamation, which James persuaded himself would have been his but for the partiality of Mr. Tower.

Chapter 7 of Sink or Swim by Horatio, Jr. Alger holds 109 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Sink or Swim contain?

Chapter 7 holds 109 sentences of Sink or Swim, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Sink or Swim by Horatio, Jr. Alger exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 109 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Sink or Swim?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Sink or Swim

Common questions about reading Sink or Swim by Horatio, Jr. Alger on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Sink or Swim?

Yes. All 4592 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #59517 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Sink or Swim is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #59517, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Sink or Swim take to read?

About 382 minutes of reading across 919 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Sink or Swim section by section

How to work through Sink or Swim section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 36 chapters of Sink or Swim to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Sink or Swim

Words and structures a reader meets early in Sink or Swim, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Vernon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
School
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Survive
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Perish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.