Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Sink or Swim
Sink or Swim

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Sink or Swim is here in full — 84 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Sink or Swim
Context Illustration Reading 1/16 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
AFTER THE FIRE.
By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.
For form’s sake, a stream of water was thrown upon the flames from the well near by, but the supply was soon exhausted, and produced no effect whatever.
So the engine was drawn back to the engine-house, the crowd dispersed, and in place of the old house there was a heap of half-burnt rafters and cinders.
The next day the fire was the topic of conversation throughout the village.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Sink or Swim

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Sink or Swim is here in full — 84 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/16 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
AFTER THE FIRE.
/ˈæftər ðə ˈfaɪər/
Line 2
By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.
Line 3
For form’s sake, a stream of water was thrown upon the flames from the well near by, but the supply was soon exhausted, and produced no effect whatever.
/fɔːr fɔːrmz seɪk ə striːm ʌv ˈwɔːtər wɑːz θroʊn əˈpɑːn ðə fleɪmz frʌm ðə wel nɪr baɪ bʌt ðə səˈplaɪ wɑːz suːn ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd ənd prəˈduːst noʊ ɪˈfekt ˌwʌˈtevər/
Line 4
So the engine was drawn back to the engine-house, the crowd dispersed, and in place of the old house there was a heap of half-burnt rafters and cinders.
Line 5
The next day the fire was the topic of conversation throughout the village.
/ðə nekst deɪ ðə ˈfaɪər wɑːz ðə ˈtɑːpɪk ʌv ˌkɑːnvərˈseɪʃən θruːˈaʊt ðə ˈvɪlədʒ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cinders noun US /ˈsɪndərz/

plural of “cinder” — a fragment of incombustible matter left after a wood or coal or charcoal fire

From this reading “So the engine was drawn back to the engine-house, the crowd dispersed, and in place of the old house there was a heap of half-burnt rafters and cinders.”

dispersed adjective US /dɪˈspɜːrst/

distributed or spread over a considerable extent

From this reading “So the engine was drawn back to the engine-house, the crowd dispersed, and in place of the old house there was a heap of half-burnt rafters and cinders.”

engine noun US /ˈendʒən/

motor that converts thermal energy to mechanical work

From this reading “By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.”

flames noun US /fleɪmz/

plural of “flame” — the process of combustion of inflammable materials producing heat and light and (often) smoke

From this reading “By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.”

form's noun US /fɔːrmz/

possessive form of “form” — the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

rafters noun US /ˈræftərz/

plural of “rafter” — one of several parallel sloping beams that support a roof

From this reading “So the engine was drawn back to the engine-house, the crowd dispersed, and in place of the old house there was a heap of half-burnt rafters and cinders.”

saving noun US /ˈseɪvɪŋ/

an act of economizing; reduction in cost

From this reading “By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.”

topic noun US /ˈtɑːpɪk/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading “The next day the fire was the topic of conversation throughout the village.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

next day adjective + noun

In this reading “The next day the fire was the topic of conversation throughout the village.”

far advanced adverb + adjective

In this reading “By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.”

soon exhausted adverb + adjective

In this reading “For form’s sake, a stream of water was thrown upon the flames from the well near by, but the supply was soon exhausted, and produced no effect whatever.”

burning house noun + noun

In this reading “By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.”

old house adjective + noun

In this reading “So the engine was drawn back to the engine-house, the crowd dispersed, and in place of the old house there was a heap of half-burnt rafters and cinders.”

By the time preposition + article + noun counted as “by … time”

In this reading “By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.”

All words in this reading · 61

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading For form’s sake, a stream of water was thrown upon the flames from the well near by, but the supply was soon exhausted, and produced no effect whatever.

advancedadjectiveUS /ədˈvænst/

farther along in physical or mental development

From this reading By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.

AFTERprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading AFTER THE FIRE.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading For form’s sake, a stream of water was thrown upon the flames from the well near by, but the supply was soon exhausted, and produced no effect whatever.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading So the engine was drawn back to the engine-house, the crowd dispersed, and in place of the old house there was a heap of half-burnt rafters and cinders.

burningnounUS /ˈbɜːrnɪŋ/

the act of burning something

From this reading By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading For form’s sake, a stream of water was thrown upon the flames from the well near by, but the supply was soon exhausted, and produced no effect whatever.

ByprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.

chancenounUS /tʃæns/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.

cindersnounUS /ˈsɪndərz/

plural of “cinder” — a fragment of incombustible matter left after a wood or coal or charcoal fire

From this reading So the engine was drawn back to the engine-house, the crowd dispersed, and in place of the old house there was a heap of half-burnt rafters and cinders.

conversationnounUS /ˌkɑːnvərˈseɪʃən/

the use of speech for informal exchange of views or ideas or information etc.

From this reading The next day the fire was the topic of conversation throughout the village.

crowdverbUS /kraʊd/

cause to herd, drive, or crowd together

From this reading So the engine was drawn back to the engine-house, the crowd dispersed, and in place of the old house there was a heap of half-burnt rafters and cinders.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The next day the fire was the topic of conversation throughout the village.

dispersedadjectiveUS /dɪˈspɜːrst/

distributed or spread over a considerable extent

From this reading So the engine was drawn back to the engine-house, the crowd dispersed, and in place of the old house there was a heap of half-burnt rafters and cinders.

drawnadjectiveUS /drɔːn/

showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering

From this reading So the engine was drawn back to the engine-house, the crowd dispersed, and in place of the old house there was a heap of half-burnt rafters and cinders.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading For form’s sake, a stream of water was thrown upon the flames from the well near by, but the supply was soon exhausted, and produced no effect whatever.

enginenounUS /ˈendʒən/

motor that converts thermal energy to mechanical work

From this reading So the engine was drawn back to the engine-house, the crowd dispersed, and in place of the old house there was a heap of half-burnt rafters and cinders.

engine-house

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So the engine was drawn back to the engine-house, the crowd dispersed, and in place of the old house there was a heap of half-burnt rafters and cinders.

exhaustedadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/

drained of energy or effectiveness; extremely tired; completely exhausted

From this reading For form’s sake, a stream of water was thrown upon the flames from the well near by, but the supply was soon exhausted, and produced no effect whatever.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.

FIREverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading AFTER THE FIRE.

fire-engine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.

flamesnounUS /fleɪmz/

plural of “flame” — the process of combustion of inflammable materials producing heat and light and (often) smoke

From this reading By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For form’s sake, a stream of water was thrown upon the flames from the well near by, but the supply was soon exhausted, and produced no effect whatever.

form'snounUS /fɔːrmz/

possessive form of “form” — the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading For form’s sake, a stream of water was thrown upon the flames from the well near by, but the supply was soon exhausted, and produced no effect whatever.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading For form’s sake, a stream of water was thrown upon the flames from the well near by, but the supply was soon exhausted, and produced no effect whatever.

half-burnt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So the engine was drawn back to the engine-house, the crowd dispersed, and in place of the old house there was a heap of half-burnt rafters and cinders.

heapnounUS /hiːp/

a collection of objects laid on top of each other

From this reading So the engine was drawn back to the engine-house, the crowd dispersed, and in place of the old house there was a heap of half-burnt rafters and cinders.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading So the engine was drawn back to the engine-house, the crowd dispersed, and in place of the old house there was a heap of half-burnt rafters and cinders.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading For form’s sake, a stream of water was thrown upon the flames from the well near by, but the supply was soon exhausted, and produced no effect whatever.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading The next day the fire was the topic of conversation throughout the village.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading So the engine was drawn back to the engine-house, the crowd dispersed, and in place of the old house there was a heap of half-burnt rafters and cinders.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading So the engine was drawn back to the engine-house, the crowd dispersed, and in place of the old house there was a heap of half-burnt rafters and cinders.

producedverbUS /prəˈduːst/

past form of “produce” — bring forth or yield

From this reading For form’s sake, a stream of water was thrown upon the flames from the well near by, but the supply was soon exhausted, and produced no effect whatever.

raftersnounUS /ˈræftərz/

plural of “rafter” — one of several parallel sloping beams that support a roof

From this reading So the engine was drawn back to the engine-house, the crowd dispersed, and in place of the old house there was a heap of half-burnt rafters and cinders.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.

sakenounUS /seɪk/

a reason for wanting something done

From this reading For form’s sake, a stream of water was thrown upon the flames from the well near by, but the supply was soon exhausted, and produced no effect whatever.

savingnounUS /ˈseɪvɪŋ/

an act of economizing; reduction in cost

From this reading By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading For form’s sake, a stream of water was thrown upon the flames from the well near by, but the supply was soon exhausted, and produced no effect whatever.

streamnounUS /striːm/

a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

From this reading For form’s sake, a stream of water was thrown upon the flames from the well near by, but the supply was soon exhausted, and produced no effect whatever.

supplyverbUS /səˈplaɪ/

give something useful or necessary to

From this reading For form’s sake, a stream of water was thrown upon the flames from the well near by, but the supply was soon exhausted, and produced no effect whatever.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading AFTER THE FIRE.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.

throughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading The next day the fire was the topic of conversation throughout the village.

thrownadjectiveUS /θroʊn/

caused to fall to the ground

From this reading For form’s sake, a stream of water was thrown upon the flames from the well near by, but the supply was soon exhausted, and produced no effect whatever.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading So the engine was drawn back to the engine-house, the crowd dispersed, and in place of the old house there was a heap of half-burnt rafters and cinders.

topicnounUS /ˈtɑːpɪk/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading The next day the fire was the topic of conversation throughout the village.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading For form’s sake, a stream of water was thrown upon the flames from the well near by, but the supply was soon exhausted, and produced no effect whatever.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading The next day the fire was the topic of conversation throughout the village.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading For form’s sake, a stream of water was thrown upon the flames from the well near by, but the supply was soon exhausted, and produced no effect whatever.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading For form’s sake, a stream of water was thrown upon the flames from the well near by, but the supply was soon exhausted, and produced no effect whatever.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading By the time the fire-engine reached the burning house, the flames were so far advanced that there was no chance of saving it.

whateverdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading For form’s sake, a stream of water was thrown upon the flames from the well near by, but the supply was soon exhausted, and produced no effect whatever.

Chapter 10 of Sink or Swim by Horatio, Jr. Alger holds 84 sentences, grouped into 17 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Sink or Swim contain?

Chapter 10 holds 84 sentences of Sink or Swim, unabridged, divided into 17 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Sink or Swim by Horatio, Jr. Alger exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 84 sentences, grouped into 17 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Sink or Swim?

Work through the 17 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 17 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Sink or Swim

Common questions about reading Sink or Swim by Horatio, Jr. Alger on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Sink or Swim?

Yes. All 4592 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #59517 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Sink or Swim is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #59517, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Sink or Swim take to read?

About 382 minutes of reading across 919 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Sink or Swim section by section

How to work through Sink or Swim section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 36 chapters of Sink or Swim to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Sink or Swim

Words and structures a reader meets early in Sink or Swim, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Vernon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
School
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Survive
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Perish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.