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Sink or Swim
Sink or Swim

Chapter XXVIII

Chapter 28 of Sink or Swim is here in full — 161 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
FIRST IMPRESSIONS OF MELBOURNE.
It will readily be believed that our hero surveyed with eager interest the city which lay before him.
Melbourne was not so large and populous as at present, but it presented an unusually lively and animated appearance.
It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.
But we are anticipating a little.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Sink or Swim

Chapter XXVIII

Chapter 28 of Sink or Swim is here in full — 161 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
FIRST IMPRESSIONS OF MELBOURNE.
/fɜːrst ˌɪmˈpreʃənz ʌv ˈmelbərn/
Line 2
It will readily be believed that our hero surveyed with eager interest the city which lay before him.
/ɪt wɪl ˈredəli biː bɪˈliːvd ðæt ˈaʊər ˈhɪroʊ sərˈveɪd wɪð ˈiːɡər ˈɪntrəst ðə ˈsɪti wɪtʃ leɪ bɪˈfɔːr hɪm/
Line 3
Melbourne was not so large and populous as at present, but it presented an unusually lively and animated appearance.
/ˈmelbərn wɑːz nɑːt soʊ lɑːrdʒ ənd ˈpɑːpjələs æz æt ˈprezənt bʌt ɪt priˈzentɪd æn əˈnjuːʒuːəli ˈlaɪvli ənd ˈænəmeɪtɪd əˈpɪrəns/
Line 4
It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.
/ɪt wɑːz ɪn ðə haɪt ʌv ðə ɡoʊld ɪkˈsaɪtmənt ənd ˈmʌltətjuːdz hæd flɑːkt ˈðɪθɜːr frʌm ɔːl pɑːrts ʌv ðə wɜːrld soʊ ðæt ˌreprəˈzentətɪvz ʌv ˈevəri ˌnæʃəˈnæləti maɪt biː faʊnd ɪn ðə striːts ʌv ɔːˈstreɪljəz ˈkæpətəl/
Line 5
But we are anticipating a little.
/bʌt wiː ɑːr ænˈtɪsəpeɪtɪŋ ə ˈlɪtəl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

anticipating verb US /ænˈtɪsəpeɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “anticipate” — regard something as probable or likely

From this reading “But we are anticipating a little.”

Australia's noun US /ɔːˈstreɪljəz/

possessive form of “australia” — a nation occupying the whole of the Australian continent; Aboriginal tribes are thought to have migrated from southeastern Asia 20,000 years ago; first Europeans were British convicts sent there as a penal colony

flocked verb US /flɑːkt/

past form of “flock” — move as a crowd or in a group

From this reading “It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.”

melbourne noun US /ˈmelbərn/

a resort town in east central Florida

From this reading “FIRST IMPRESSIONS OF MELBOURNE.”

multitudes noun US /ˈmʌltətjuːdz/

plural of “multitude” — a large indefinite number

From this reading “It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.”

nationality noun US /ˌnæʃəˈnæləti/

people having common origins or traditions and often comprising a nation

From this reading “It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.”

populous adjective US /ˈpɑːpjələs/

densely populated

From this reading “Melbourne was not so large and populous as at present, but it presented an unusually lively and animated appearance.”

representatives noun US /ˌreprəˈzentətɪvz/

plural of “representative” — a person who represents others

From this reading “It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

eager interest adjective + noun

In this reading “It will readily be believed that our hero surveyed with eager interest the city which lay before him.”

FIRST IMPRESSIONS adjective + noun counted as “first impression”

In this reading “FIRST IMPRESSIONS OF MELBOURNE.”

all parts adjective + noun

In this reading “It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.”

lay before verb + particle

In this reading “It will readily be believed that our hero surveyed with eager interest the city which lay before him.”

in the streets preposition + article + noun counted as “in … street”

In this reading “It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading But we are anticipating a little.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Melbourne was not so large and populous as at present, but it presented an unusually lively and animated appearance.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Melbourne was not so large and populous as at present, but it presented an unusually lively and animated appearance.

animatedadjectiveUS /ˈænəmeɪtɪd/

having life or vigor or spirit

From this reading Melbourne was not so large and populous as at present, but it presented an unusually lively and animated appearance.

anticipatingverbUS /ænˈtɪsəpeɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “anticipate” — regard something as probable or likely

From this reading But we are anticipating a little.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading Melbourne was not so large and populous as at present, but it presented an unusually lively and animated appearance.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading But we are anticipating a little.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Melbourne was not so large and populous as at present, but it presented an unusually lively and animated appearance.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Melbourne was not so large and populous as at present, but it presented an unusually lively and animated appearance.

Australia'snounUS /ɔːˈstreɪljəz/

possessive form of “australia” — a nation occupying the whole of the Australian continent; Aboriginal tribes are thought to have migrated from southeastern Asia 20,000 years ago; first Europeans were British convicts sent there as a penal colony

From this reading It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It will readily be believed that our hero surveyed with eager interest the city which lay before him.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading It will readily be believed that our hero surveyed with eager interest the city which lay before him.

believedverbUS /bɪˈliːvd/

past form of “believe” — accept as true; take to be true

From this reading It will readily be believed that our hero surveyed with eager interest the city which lay before him.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Melbourne was not so large and populous as at present, but it presented an unusually lively and animated appearance.

capitalnounUS /ˈkæpətəl/

assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading It will readily be believed that our hero surveyed with eager interest the city which lay before him.

eageradjectiveUS /ˈiːɡər/

having or showing keen interest or intense desire or impatient expectancy

From this reading It will readily be believed that our hero surveyed with eager interest the city which lay before him.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.

excitementnounUS /ɪkˈsaɪtmənt/

the feeling of lively and cheerful joy

From this reading It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.

FIRSTadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading FIRST IMPRESSIONS OF MELBOURNE.

flockedverbUS /flɑːkt/

past form of “flock” — move as a crowd or in a group

From this reading It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.

goldnounUS /ɡoʊld/

coins made of gold

From this reading It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.

heightnounUS /haɪt/

the vertical dimension of extension; distance from the base of something to the top

From this reading It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.

heronounUS /ˈhɪroʊ/

a man distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength

From this reading It will readily be believed that our hero surveyed with eager interest the city which lay before him.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It will readily be believed that our hero surveyed with eager interest the city which lay before him.

IMPRESSIONSnounUS /ˌɪmˈpreʃənz/

plural of “impression” — a vague idea in which some confidence is placed

From this reading FIRST IMPRESSIONS OF MELBOURNE.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.

interestnounUS /ˈɪntrəst/

a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading It will readily be believed that our hero surveyed with eager interest the city which lay before him.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It will readily be believed that our hero surveyed with eager interest the city which lay before him.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Melbourne was not so large and populous as at present, but it presented an unusually lively and animated appearance.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading It will readily be believed that our hero surveyed with eager interest the city which lay before him.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading But we are anticipating a little.

livelyadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪvli/

full of life and energy

From this reading Melbourne was not so large and populous as at present, but it presented an unusually lively and animated appearance.

MELBOURNEnounUS /ˈmelbərn/

a resort town in east central Florida

From this reading FIRST IMPRESSIONS OF MELBOURNE.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.

multitudesnounUS /ˈmʌltətjuːdz/

plural of “multitude” — a large indefinite number

From this reading It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.

nationalitynounUS /ˌnæʃəˈnæləti/

people having common origins or traditions and often comprising a nation

From this reading It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Melbourne was not so large and populous as at present, but it presented an unusually lively and animated appearance.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading FIRST IMPRESSIONS OF MELBOURNE.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading It will readily be believed that our hero surveyed with eager interest the city which lay before him.

partsnounUS /pɑːrts/

the local environment

From this reading It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.

populousadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːpjələs/

densely populated

From this reading Melbourne was not so large and populous as at present, but it presented an unusually lively and animated appearance.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Melbourne was not so large and populous as at present, but it presented an unusually lively and animated appearance.

presentedverbUS /priˈzentɪd/

past form of “present” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Melbourne was not so large and populous as at present, but it presented an unusually lively and animated appearance.

readilyadverbUS /ˈredəli/

without much difficulty

From this reading It will readily be believed that our hero surveyed with eager interest the city which lay before him.

representativesnounUS /ˌreprəˈzentətɪvz/

plural of “representative” — a person who represents others

From this reading It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Melbourne was not so large and populous as at present, but it presented an unusually lively and animated appearance.

streetsnounUS /striːts/

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.

surveyedverbUS /sərˈveɪd/

past form of “survey” — consider in a comprehensive way

From this reading It will readily be believed that our hero surveyed with eager interest the city which lay before him.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It will readily be believed that our hero surveyed with eager interest the city which lay before him.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It will readily be believed that our hero surveyed with eager interest the city which lay before him.

thitheradverbUS /ˈðɪθɜːr/

an old word meaning “to that place”

From this reading It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.

unusuallyadverbUS /əˈnjuːʒuːəli/

to a remarkable degree or extent

From this reading Melbourne was not so large and populous as at present, but it presented an unusually lively and animated appearance.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Melbourne was not so large and populous as at present, but it presented an unusually lively and animated appearance.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading But we are anticipating a little.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It will readily be believed that our hero surveyed with eager interest the city which lay before him.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading It will readily be believed that our hero surveyed with eager interest the city which lay before him.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It will readily be believed that our hero surveyed with eager interest the city which lay before him.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading It was in the height of the gold excitement, and multitudes had flocked thither from all parts of the world, so that representatives of every nationality might be found in the streets of Australia’s capital.

Chapter 28 of Sink or Swim by Horatio, Jr. Alger holds 161 sentences, grouped into 33 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 28 of Sink or Swim contain?

Chapter 28 holds 161 sentences of Sink or Swim, unabridged, divided into 33 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 28 of Sink or Swim by Horatio, Jr. Alger exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 161 sentences, grouped into 33 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 28 of Sink or Swim?

Work through the 33 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 33 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 28 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 28 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Sink or Swim

Common questions about reading Sink or Swim by Horatio, Jr. Alger on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Sink or Swim?

Yes. All 4592 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #59517 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Sink or Swim is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #59517, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Sink or Swim take to read?

About 382 minutes of reading across 919 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Sink or Swim section by section

How to work through Sink or Swim section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Sink or Swim

Words and structures a reader meets early in Sink or Swim, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Vernon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
School
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Survive
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Perish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.