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Sink or Swim
Sink or Swim

Chapter XXX

Chapter 30 of Sink or Swim is here in full — 152 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/30 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE VICTORIA GOLD MINES.
Four weeks had passed.
The scene has changed for Harry.
He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.
These diggings were of limited extent, occupying not above a square mile; but this square mile was a scene of extraordinary animation and activity.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Sink or Swim

Chapter XXX

Chapter 30 of Sink or Swim is here in full — 152 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/30 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE VICTORIA GOLD MINES.
/ðə vɪkˈtɔːriə ɡoʊld maɪnz/
Line 2
Four weeks had passed.
/fɔːr wiːks hæd pæst/
Line 3
The scene has changed for Harry.
/ðə siːn hæz tʃeɪndʒd fɔːr ˈheri/
Line 4
He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.
Line 5
These diggings were of limited extent, occupying not above a square mile; but this square mile was a scene of extraordinary animation and activity.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

animation noun US /ˌænəˈmeɪʃən/

the condition of living or the state of being alive

From this reading “These diggings were of limited extent, occupying not above a square mile; but this square mile was a scene of extraordinary animation and activity.”

first-class adjective US /ˌfɜːrstˈklæs/

very good; of the highest quality

From this reading “He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.”

Melbourne noun US /ˈmelbərn/

a resort town in east central Florida

From this reading “He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.”

mines noun US /maɪnz/

plural of “mine” — excavation in the earth from which ores and minerals are extracted

From this reading “THE VICTORIA GOLD MINES.”

occupying verb US /ˈɑːkjəpaɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “occupy” — keep busy with

From this reading “These diggings were of limited extent, occupying not above a square mile; but this square mile was a scene of extraordinary animation and activity.”

roughing verb US /ˈrʌfɪŋ/

-ing form of “rough” — prepare in preliminary or sketchy form

From this reading “He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.”

seventy adjective US /ˈsevənti/

being ten more than sixty

From this reading “He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.”

victoria noun US /vɪkˈtɔːriə/

queen of Great Britain and Ireland and empress of India from 1837 to 1901; the last Hanoverian ruler of England (1819-1901)

From this reading “THE VICTORIA GOLD MINES.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

seventy miles adjective + noun counted as “seventy mile”

In this reading “He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.”

square mile verb + noun

an area of 640 acres

In this reading “These diggings were of limited extent, occupying not above a square mile; but this square mile was a scene of extraordinary animation and activity.”

Four weeks noun + noun counted as “four week”

In this reading “Four weeks had passed.”

All words in this reading · 51

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading These diggings were of limited extent, occupying not above a square mile; but this square mile was a scene of extraordinary animation and activity.

activitynounUS /ækˈtɪvəti/

any specific behavior

From this reading These diggings were of limited extent, occupying not above a square mile; but this square mile was a scene of extraordinary animation and activity.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading These diggings were of limited extent, occupying not above a square mile; but this square mile was a scene of extraordinary animation and activity.

animationnounUS /ˌænəˈmeɪʃən/

the condition of living or the state of being alive

From this reading These diggings were of limited extent, occupying not above a square mile; but this square mile was a scene of extraordinary animation and activity.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.

changedadjectiveUS /tʃeɪndʒd/

made or become different in nature or form

From this reading The scene has changed for Harry.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.

diggingsnoun

an excavation for ore or precious stones or for archaeology

From this reading These diggings were of limited extent, occupying not above a square mile; but this square mile was a scene of extraordinary animation and activity.

extentnounUS /ɪkˈstent/

the point or degree to which something extends

From this reading These diggings were of limited extent, occupying not above a square mile; but this square mile was a scene of extraordinary animation and activity.

extraordinaryadjectiveUS /ˌekstrəˈɔːrdəneri/

beyond what is ordinary or usual; highly unusual or exceptional or remarkable

From this reading These diggings were of limited extent, occupying not above a square mile; but this square mile was a scene of extraordinary animation and activity.

fatadjectiveUS /fæt/

having an (over)abundance of flesh

From this reading He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.

first-classadjectiveUS /ˌfɜːrstˈklæs/

very good; of the highest quality

From this reading He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The scene has changed for Harry.

FournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading Four weeks had passed.

GOLDnounUS /ɡoʊld/

coins made of gold

From this reading THE VICTORIA GOLD MINES.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Four weeks had passed.

HarryverbUS /ˈheri/

annoy continually or chronically

From this reading The scene has changed for Harry.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The scene has changed for Harry.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.

hotelnounUS /hoʊˈtel/

a building where travelers can pay for lodging and meals and other services

From this reading He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.

limitedadjectiveUS /ˈlɪmətəd/

small in range or scope

From this reading These diggings were of limited extent, occupying not above a square mile; but this square mile was a scene of extraordinary animation and activity.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.

MelbournenounUS /ˈmelbərn/

a resort town in east central Florida

From this reading He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.

milenounUS /maɪl/

a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading These diggings were of limited extent, occupying not above a square mile; but this square mile was a scene of extraordinary animation and activity.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.

MINESnounUS /maɪnz/

plural of “mine” — excavation in the earth from which ores and minerals are extracted

From this reading THE VICTORIA GOLD MINES.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.

north-westadverb

to, toward, or in the northwest

From this reading He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading These diggings were of limited extent, occupying not above a square mile; but this square mile was a scene of extraordinary animation and activity.

occupyingverbUS /ˈɑːkjəpaɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “occupy” — keep busy with

From this reading These diggings were of limited extent, occupying not above a square mile; but this square mile was a scene of extraordinary animation and activity.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading Four weeks had passed.

roughingverbUS /ˈrʌfɪŋ/

-ing form of “rough” — prepare in preliminary or sketchy form

From this reading He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.

scenenounUS /siːn/

the place where some action occurs

From this reading The scene has changed for Harry.

seventyadjectiveUS /ˈsevənti/

being ten more than sixty

From this reading He is no longer living in a first-class city hotel on the fat of the land, but is “roughing it” at the Victoria mines, seventy miles north-west of Melbourne.

squareverbUS /skwer/

make square

From this reading These diggings were of limited extent, occupying not above a square mile; but this square mile was a scene of extraordinary animation and activity.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE VICTORIA GOLD MINES.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These diggings were of limited extent, occupying not above a square mile; but this square mile was a scene of extraordinary animation and activity.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading These diggings were of limited extent, occupying not above a square mile; but this square mile was a scene of extraordinary animation and activity.

VICTORIAnounUS /vɪkˈtɔːriə/

queen of Great Britain and Ireland and empress of India from 1837 to 1901; the last Hanoverian ruler of England (1819-1901)

From this reading THE VICTORIA GOLD MINES.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading These diggings were of limited extent, occupying not above a square mile; but this square mile was a scene of extraordinary animation and activity.

weeksnounUS /wiːks/

plural of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading Four weeks had passed.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading These diggings were of limited extent, occupying not above a square mile; but this square mile was a scene of extraordinary animation and activity.

Chapter 30 of Sink or Swim by Horatio, Jr. Alger holds 152 sentences, grouped into 31 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 30 of Sink or Swim contain?

Chapter 30 holds 152 sentences of Sink or Swim, unabridged, divided into 31 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 30 of Sink or Swim by Horatio, Jr. Alger exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 152 sentences, grouped into 31 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 30 of Sink or Swim?

Work through the 31 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 31 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 30 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 30 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Sink or Swim

Common questions about reading Sink or Swim by Horatio, Jr. Alger on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Sink or Swim?

Yes. All 4592 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #59517 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Sink or Swim is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #59517, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Sink or Swim take to read?

About 382 minutes of reading across 919 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Sink or Swim section by section

How to work through Sink or Swim section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 36 chapters of Sink or Swim to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Sink or Swim

Words and structures a reader meets early in Sink or Swim, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Vernon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
School
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Survive
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Perish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sink or Swim; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.