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Sir Gibbie
Sir Gibbie

Chapter XXXIII

Cover illustration for Sir Gibbie
Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE NORTH CHURCH.
It was a cold night in March, cloudy and blowing.
Every human body was turned into a fortress for bare defence of life.
There was no snow on the ground, but it seemed as if there must be snow everywhere else.
There was snow in the clouds overhead, and there was snow in the mind of man beneath.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Sir Gibbie

Chapter XXXIII

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE NORTH CHURCH.
Line 2
It was a cold night in March, cloudy and blowing.
Line 3
Every human body was turned into a fortress for bare defence of life.
Line 4
There was no snow on the ground, but it seemed as if there must be snow everywhere else.
Line 5
There was snow in the clouds overhead, and there was snow in the mind of man beneath.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Beneath preposition US /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading “There was snow in the clouds overhead, and there was snow in the mind of man beneath.”

Body noun US /body/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Every human body was turned into a fortress for bare defence of life.”

Every determiner US /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading “Every human body was turned into a fortress for bare defence of life.”

Life noun US /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Every human body was turned into a fortress for bare defence of life.”

Mind noun US /mind/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “There was snow in the clouds overhead, and there was snow in the mind of man beneath.”

Must modal verb US /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading “There was no snow on the ground, but it seemed as if there must be snow everywhere else.”

Seemed noun US /seemed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “There was no snow on the ground, but it seemed as if there must be snow everywhere else.”

All words in this reading · 42

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was a cold night in March, cloudy and blowing.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was a cold night in March, cloudy and blowing.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading There was no snow on the ground, but it seemed as if there must be snow everywhere else.

bare

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every human body was turned into a fortress for bare defence of life.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading There was no snow on the ground, but it seemed as if there must be snow everywhere else.

beneathprepositionUS /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading There was snow in the clouds overhead, and there was snow in the mind of man beneath.

blowing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a cold night in March, cloudy and blowing.

bodynounUS /body/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Every human body was turned into a fortress for bare defence of life.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading There was no snow on the ground, but it seemed as if there must be snow everywhere else.

CHURCH

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE NORTH CHURCH.

clouds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was snow in the clouds overhead, and there was snow in the mind of man beneath.

cloudy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a cold night in March, cloudy and blowing.

cold

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a cold night in March, cloudy and blowing.

defence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every human body was turned into a fortress for bare defence of life.

else

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was no snow on the ground, but it seemed as if there must be snow everywhere else.

EverydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Every human body was turned into a fortress for bare defence of life.

everywhere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was no snow on the ground, but it seemed as if there must be snow everywhere else.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Every human body was turned into a fortress for bare defence of life.

fortress

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every human body was turned into a fortress for bare defence of life.

ground

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was no snow on the ground, but it seemed as if there must be snow everywhere else.

human

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every human body was turned into a fortress for bare defence of life.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading There was no snow on the ground, but it seemed as if there must be snow everywhere else.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It was a cold night in March, cloudy and blowing.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Every human body was turned into a fortress for bare defence of life.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was a cold night in March, cloudy and blowing.

lifenounUS /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Every human body was turned into a fortress for bare defence of life.

man

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was snow in the clouds overhead, and there was snow in the mind of man beneath.

March

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a cold night in March, cloudy and blowing.

mindnounUS /mind/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading There was snow in the clouds overhead, and there was snow in the mind of man beneath.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading There was no snow on the ground, but it seemed as if there must be snow everywhere else.

night

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a cold night in March, cloudy and blowing.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading There was no snow on the ground, but it seemed as if there must be snow everywhere else.

NORTH

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE NORTH CHURCH.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Every human body was turned into a fortress for bare defence of life.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading There was no snow on the ground, but it seemed as if there must be snow everywhere else.

overhead

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was snow in the clouds overhead, and there was snow in the mind of man beneath.

seemednounUS /seemed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading There was no snow on the ground, but it seemed as if there must be snow everywhere else.

snow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was no snow on the ground, but it seemed as if there must be snow everywhere else.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE NORTH CHURCH.

There

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was no snow on the ground, but it seemed as if there must be snow everywhere else.

turned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every human body was turned into a fortress for bare defence of life.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was a cold night in March, cloudy and blowing.