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Sir P.S.
Sir P.S.

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Sir P.S. is here in full — 250 sentences across 50 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Sir P.S.
Context Illustration Reading 1/50 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Variable spelling and hyphenation have been retained from the original printing
Some minor errors in punctuation and capitalisation have been corrected, and some changes to the text are listed at the end.
SIR P. S. HIS ASTROPHEL AND _STELLA_.
Wherein the excellence of sweete Poesie is concluded.
SIR P. S. HIS ASTROPHEL AND _STELLA_.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Sir P.S.

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Sir P.S. is here in full — 250 sentences across 50 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/50 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Variable spelling and hyphenation have been retained from the original printing
/ˈveriəbəl ˈspelɪŋ ənd ˌhaɪfəˈneɪʃən hæv bɪn rɪˈteɪnd frʌm ðə ərˈɪdʒənəl ˈprɪntɪŋ/
Line 2
Some minor errors in punctuation and capitalisation have been corrected, and some changes to the text are listed at the end.
Line 3
SIR P. S. HIS ASTROPHEL AND _STELLA_.
Line 4
Wherein the excellence of sweete Poesie is concluded.
Line 5
SIR P. S. HIS ASTROPHEL AND _STELLA_.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

excellence noun US /ˈeksələns/

the quality of excelling; possessing good qualities in high degree

From this reading “Wherein the excellence of sweete Poesie is concluded.”

hyphenation noun US /ˌhaɪfəˈneɪʃən/

division of a word especially at the end of a line on a page

From this reading “Variable spelling and hyphenation have been retained from the original printing”

listed adjective US /ˈlɪstəd/

on a list

From this reading “Some minor errors in punctuation and capitalisation have been corrected, and some changes to the text are listed at the end.”

printing noun US /ˈprɪntɪŋ/

text handwritten in the style of printed matter

From this reading “Variable spelling and hyphenation have been retained from the original printing”

punctuation noun US /ˌpʌŋktʃuːˈeɪʃən/

something that makes repeated and regular interruptions or divisions

From this reading “Some minor errors in punctuation and capitalisation have been corrected, and some changes to the text are listed at the end.”

spelling noun US /ˈspelɪŋ/

forming words with letters according to the principles underlying accepted usage

From this reading “Variable spelling and hyphenation have been retained from the original printing”

stella noun US /ˈstelə/

United States minimalist painter (born in 1936)

Variable adjective US /ˈveriəbəl/

liable to or capable of change

From this reading “Variable spelling and hyphenation have been retained from the original printing”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

at the end preposition + article + noun counted as “at … end”

In this reading “Some minor errors in punctuation and capitalisation have been corrected, and some changes to the text are listed at the end.”

All words in this reading · 38

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Variable spelling and hyphenation have been retained from the original printing

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Some minor errors in punctuation and capitalisation have been corrected, and some changes to the text are listed at the end.

ASTROPHEL

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SIR P. S. HIS ASTROPHEL AND _STELLA_.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Some minor errors in punctuation and capitalisation have been corrected, and some changes to the text are listed at the end.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Variable spelling and hyphenation have been retained from the original printing

capitalisationnoun

writing in capital letters

From this reading Some minor errors in punctuation and capitalisation have been corrected, and some changes to the text are listed at the end.

changesnounUS /ˈtʃeɪndʒəz/

plural of “change” — an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading Some minor errors in punctuation and capitalisation have been corrected, and some changes to the text are listed at the end.

concludedadjectiveUS /kənˈkluːdəd/

having come or been brought to a conclusion

From this reading Wherein the excellence of sweete Poesie is concluded.

correctedadjectiveUS /kərˈektəd/

having something undesirable neutralized

From this reading Some minor errors in punctuation and capitalisation have been corrected, and some changes to the text are listed at the end.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Some minor errors in punctuation and capitalisation have been corrected, and some changes to the text are listed at the end.

errorsnounUS /ˈerərz/

plural of “error” — a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention

From this reading Some minor errors in punctuation and capitalisation have been corrected, and some changes to the text are listed at the end.

excellencenounUS /ˈeksələns/

the quality of excelling; possessing good qualities in high degree

From this reading Wherein the excellence of sweete Poesie is concluded.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Variable spelling and hyphenation have been retained from the original printing

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Variable spelling and hyphenation have been retained from the original printing

HISdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading SIR P. S. HIS ASTROPHEL AND _STELLA_.

hyphenationnounUS /ˌhaɪfəˈneɪʃən/

division of a word especially at the end of a line on a page

From this reading Variable spelling and hyphenation have been retained from the original printing

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Some minor errors in punctuation and capitalisation have been corrected, and some changes to the text are listed at the end.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Wherein the excellence of sweete Poesie is concluded.

listedadjectiveUS /ˈlɪstəd/

on a list

From this reading Some minor errors in punctuation and capitalisation have been corrected, and some changes to the text are listed at the end.

minoradjectiveUS /ˈmaɪnər/

of lesser importance or stature or rank

From this reading Some minor errors in punctuation and capitalisation have been corrected, and some changes to the text are listed at the end.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Wherein the excellence of sweete Poesie is concluded.

originaladjectiveUS /ərˈɪdʒənəl/

preceding all others in time or being as first made or performed

From this reading Variable spelling and hyphenation have been retained from the original printing

PnounUS /piː/

a multivalent nonmetallic element of the nitrogen family that occurs commonly in inorganic phosphate rocks and as organic phosphates in all living cells; is highly reactive and occurs in several allotropic forms

From this reading SIR P. S. HIS ASTROPHEL AND _STELLA_.

Poesie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Wherein the excellence of sweete Poesie is concluded.

printingnounUS /ˈprɪntɪŋ/

text handwritten in the style of printed matter

From this reading Variable spelling and hyphenation have been retained from the original printing

punctuationnounUS /ˌpʌŋktʃuːˈeɪʃən/

something that makes repeated and regular interruptions or divisions

From this reading Some minor errors in punctuation and capitalisation have been corrected, and some changes to the text are listed at the end.

retainedadjectiveUS /rɪˈteɪnd/

continued in your keeping or use or memory

From this reading Variable spelling and hyphenation have been retained from the original printing

SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading SIR P. S. HIS ASTROPHEL AND _STELLA_.

SIRnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading SIR P. S. HIS ASTROPHEL AND _STELLA_.

SomeadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Some minor errors in punctuation and capitalisation have been corrected, and some changes to the text are listed at the end.

spellingnounUS /ˈspelɪŋ/

forming words with letters according to the principles underlying accepted usage

From this reading Variable spelling and hyphenation have been retained from the original printing

STELLAnounUS /ˈstelə/

United States minimalist painter (born in 1936)

From this reading SIR P. S. HIS ASTROPHEL AND _STELLA_.

sweete

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Wherein the excellence of sweete Poesie is concluded.

textnounUS /tekst/

the words of something written

From this reading Some minor errors in punctuation and capitalisation have been corrected, and some changes to the text are listed at the end.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Variable spelling and hyphenation have been retained from the original printing

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Some minor errors in punctuation and capitalisation have been corrected, and some changes to the text are listed at the end.

VariableadjectiveUS /ˈveriəbəl/

liable to or capable of change

From this reading Variable spelling and hyphenation have been retained from the original printing

Wherein

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Wherein the excellence of sweete Poesie is concluded.

Chapter 1 of Sir P.S. by Philip Sidney holds 250 sentences, grouped into 50 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Sir P.S. contain?

Chapter 1 holds 250 sentences of Sir P.S., unabridged, divided into 50 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Sir P.S. by Philip Sidney exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 250 sentences, grouped into 50 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Sir P.S.?

Work through the 50 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 50 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Sir P.S.

Common questions about reading Sir P.S. by Philip Sidney on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Sir P.S.?

Yes. All 477 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #56375 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Sir P.S. is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #56375, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Sir P.S. take to read?

About 39 minutes of reading across 96 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Sir P.S. section by section

How to work through Sir P.S. section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 2 chapters of Sir P.S. to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Sir P.S.

Words and structures a reader meets early in Sir P.S., each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Variable
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sir P.S.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spelling
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sir P.S.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hyphenation
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sir P.S.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Retained
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sir P.S.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.