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Six months in the gold mines
Six months in the gold mines

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of Six months in the gold mines is here in full — 93 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE OLD TOWNS OF CALIFORNIA.
MONTEREY.
The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.
Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.
The town presents a very neat and pretty appearance, with its houses of white-plastered _adobes_ and its surrounding hills covered with lofty pine trees.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Six months in the gold mines

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of Six months in the gold mines is here in full — 93 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE OLD TOWNS OF CALIFORNIA.
/ðə oʊld taʊnz ʌv ˌkæləˈfɔːrnjə/
Line 2
MONTEREY.
/ˌmɑːntərˈeɪ/
Line 3
The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.
Line 4
Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.
/ənˈtɪl ðə əˈdɑːpʃən ʌv ðə ˈprezənt ˌkɑːnstəˈtuːʃən fɔːr ˌkæləˈfɔːrnjə ˌmɑːntərˈeɪ wɑːz ˈɔːlweɪz ðə siːt ʌv ˈɡʌvərmənt ʌv ðə ˈterɪtɔːri ənd ðə ˈrezɪdəns ʌv hɜːr ˈmɪləteri ˈɡʌvərnərz ənd ˈʌðər ˈɔːfəsərz/
Line 5
The town presents a very neat and pretty appearance, with its houses of white-plastered _adobes_ and its surrounding hills covered with lofty pine trees.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adoption noun US /əˈdɑːpʃən/

the act of accepting with approval; favorable reception

From this reading “Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.”

california noun US /ˌkæləˈfɔːrnjə/

a state in the western United States on the Pacific; the 3rd largest state; known for earthquakes

From this reading “THE OLD TOWNS OF CALIFORNIA.”

constitution noun US /ˌkɑːnstəˈtuːʃən/

law determining the fundamental political principles of a government

From this reading “Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.”

curve noun US /kɜːrv/

the trace of a point whose direction of motion changes

From this reading “The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.”

governors noun US /ˈɡʌvərnərz/

plural of “governor” — the head of a state government

From this reading “Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.”

monterey noun US /ˌmɑːntərˈeɪ/

a town in western California to the south of San Francisco on a peninsula at the southern end of Monterey Bay

From this reading “MONTEREY.”

situated adjective US /ˈsɪtʃuːeɪtɪd/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading “The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.”

territory noun US /ˈterɪtɔːri/

a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading “Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

pine trees noun + noun counted as “pine tree”

a coniferous tree

In this reading “The town presents a very neat and pretty appearance, with its houses of white-plastered _adobes_ and its surrounding hills covered with lofty pine trees.”

military governors noun + noun counted as “military governor”

the head of a government established by the military (as in a defeated country)

In this reading “Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.”

surrounding hills adjective + noun counted as “surrounding hill”

In this reading “The town presents a very neat and pretty appearance, with its houses of white-plastered _adobes_ and its surrounding hills covered with lofty pine trees.”

other officers adjective + noun counted as “other officer”

In this reading “Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.”

OLD TOWNS adjective + noun counted as “old town”

In this reading “THE OLD TOWNS OF CALIFORNIA.”

on the north preposition + article + noun counted as “on … north”

In this reading “The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.”

on the south preposition + article + noun counted as “on … south”

In this reading “The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The town presents a very neat and pretty appearance, with its houses of white-plastered _adobes_ and its surrounding hills covered with lofty pine trees.

adobes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The town presents a very neat and pretty appearance, with its houses of white-plastered _adobes_ and its surrounding hills covered with lofty pine trees.

adoptionnounUS /əˈdɑːpʃən/

the act of accepting with approval; favorable reception

From this reading Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading The town presents a very neat and pretty appearance, with its houses of white-plastered _adobes_ and its surrounding hills covered with lofty pine trees.

Año

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.

baynounUS /beɪ/

an indentation of a shoreline larger than a cove but smaller than a gulf

From this reading The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.

CALIFORNIAnounUS /ˌkæləˈfɔːrnjə/

a state in the western United States on the Pacific; the 3rd largest state; known for earthquakes

From this reading THE OLD TOWNS OF CALIFORNIA.

constitutionnounUS /ˌkɑːnstəˈtuːʃən/

law determining the fundamental political principles of a government

From this reading Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading The town presents a very neat and pretty appearance, with its houses of white-plastered _adobes_ and its surrounding hills covered with lofty pine trees.

curvenounUS /kɜːrv/

the trace of a point whose direction of motion changes

From this reading The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.

formedadjectiveUS /fɔːrmd/

having or given a form or shape

From this reading The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.

governmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.

governorsnounUS /ˈɡʌvərnərz/

plural of “governor” — the head of a state government

From this reading Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading The town presents a very neat and pretty appearance, with its houses of white-plastered _adobes_ and its surrounding hills covered with lofty pine trees.

housesnounUS /ˈhaʊsəz/

plural of “house” — a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading The town presents a very neat and pretty appearance, with its houses of white-plastered _adobes_ and its surrounding hills covered with lofty pine trees.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The town presents a very neat and pretty appearance, with its houses of white-plastered _adobes_ and its surrounding hills covered with lofty pine trees.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.

loftyadjectiveUS /ˈlɔːfti/

of high moral or intellectual value; elevated in nature or style

From this reading The town presents a very neat and pretty appearance, with its houses of white-plastered _adobes_ and its surrounding hills covered with lofty pine trees.

militaryadjectiveUS /ˈmɪləteri/

of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare

From this reading Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.

MONTEREYnounUS /ˌmɑːntərˈeɪ/

a town in western California to the south of San Francisco on a peninsula at the southern end of Monterey Bay

From this reading MONTEREY.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.

neatadjectiveUS /niːt/

clean or organized

From this reading The town presents a very neat and pretty appearance, with its houses of white-plastered _adobes_ and its surrounding hills covered with lofty pine trees.

northnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.

Nuevo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE OLD TOWNS OF CALIFORNIA.

officersnounUS /ˈɔːfəsərz/

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.

OLDadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading THE OLD TOWNS OF CALIFORNIA.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.

pinenounUS /paɪn/

a coniferous tree

From this reading The town presents a very neat and pretty appearance, with its houses of white-plastered _adobes_ and its surrounding hills covered with lofty pine trees.

Pinos

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.

PointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.

presentsnounUS /ˈprezənts/

plural of “present” — the period of time that is happening now; any continuous stretch of time including the moment of speech

From this reading The town presents a very neat and pretty appearance, with its houses of white-plastered _adobes_ and its surrounding hills covered with lofty pine trees.

prettyadjectiveUS /ˈprɪti/

pleasing by delicacy or grace; not imposing

From this reading The town presents a very neat and pretty appearance, with its houses of white-plastered _adobes_ and its surrounding hills covered with lofty pine trees.

residencenounUS /ˈrezɪdəns/

any address at which you dwell more than temporarily

From this reading Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.

seatnounUS /siːt/

a space reserved for sitting (as in a theater or on a train or airplane)

From this reading Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.

situatedadjectiveUS /ˈsɪtʃuːeɪtɪd/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.

southnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.

surroundingadjectiveUS /sərˈaʊndɪŋ/

closely encircling

From this reading The town presents a very neat and pretty appearance, with its houses of white-plastered _adobes_ and its surrounding hills covered with lofty pine trees.

territorynounUS /ˈterɪtɔːri/

a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE OLD TOWNS OF CALIFORNIA.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.

TOWNSnounUS /taʊnz/

plural of “town” — an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading THE OLD TOWNS OF CALIFORNIA.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading The town presents a very neat and pretty appearance, with its houses of white-plastered _adobes_ and its surrounding hills covered with lofty pine trees.

UntilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The town of Monterey is situated upon the large bay of that name, formed by the curve of land between Point Año Nuevo on the north, and Point Pinos on the south.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading The town presents a very neat and pretty appearance, with its houses of white-plastered _adobes_ and its surrounding hills covered with lofty pine trees.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Until the adoption of the present constitution for California, Monterey was always the seat of government of the territory, and the residence of her military governors and other officers.

white-plastered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The town presents a very neat and pretty appearance, with its houses of white-plastered _adobes_ and its surrounding hills covered with lofty pine trees.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The town presents a very neat and pretty appearance, with its houses of white-plastered _adobes_ and its surrounding hills covered with lofty pine trees.

Chapter 15 of Six months in the gold mines by E. Gould (Edward Gould) Buffum holds 93 sentences, grouped into 19 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 15 of Six months in the gold mines contain?

Chapter 15 holds 93 sentences of Six months in the gold mines, unabridged, divided into 19 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 15 of Six months in the gold mines by E. Gould (Edward Gould) Buffum exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 93 sentences, grouped into 19 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 15 of Six months in the gold mines?

Work through the 19 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 19 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 15 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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