Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Six months in the gold mines
Six months in the gold mines

Chapter XVII

Chapter 17 of Six months in the gold mines is here in full — 158 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Six months in the gold mines
Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
LOWER CALIFORNIA.
The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.
A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.
It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.
Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Six months in the gold mines

Chapter XVII

Chapter 17 of Six months in the gold mines is here in full — 158 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
LOWER CALIFORNIA.
/ˈloʊər ˌkæləˈfɔːrnjə/
Line 2
The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.
Line 3
A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.
/ə ˈrezɪdəns ʌv sɪks mʌnθs əˈpɑːn ðə ɡʌlf ʌv ˌkæləˈfɔːrnjə ɪnˈtaɪərli tʃeɪndʒd ðə əˈpɪnjən aɪ hæd ˈpriːviəsli ˌentərˈteɪnd ʌv ðə ˈkʌntri wɪtʃ hæd bɪn beɪst əˈpɑːn rɪˈpɔːrts ʌv ðoʊz huː hæd ˈmɪrli seɪld ʌp ɔːr daʊn ɪts ˈrʌɡəd koʊst/
Line 4
It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.
Line 5
Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

earthquake noun US /ˈɜːrθkweɪk/

shaking and vibration at the surface of the earth resulting from underground movement along a fault plane or from volcanic activity

From this reading “It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.”

extends verb US /ɪkˈstendz/

third-person singular of “extend” — extend in scope or range or area

From this reading “Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.”

internal adjective US /ˌɪnˈtɜːrnəl/

happening or arising or located within some limits or especially surface

From this reading “It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.”

Lucas noun US /ˈluːkəs/

United States screenwriter and filmmaker (born in 1944)

From this reading “Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.”

marine adjective US /mərˈiːn/

of or relating to the sea

From this reading “Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.”

misrepresented adjective US /ˌmɪsreprɪˈzentɪd/

having an intended meaning altered or misrepresented

From this reading “The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.”

possessing verb US /pəˈzesɪŋ/

-ing form of “possess” — have as an attribute, knowledge, or skill

From this reading “It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.”

uninteresting adjective US /əˈnɪntrəstɪŋ/

arousing no interest or attention or curiosity or excitement

From this reading “The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

six months noun + noun counted as “six month”

In this reading “A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.”

entirely changed adverb + adjective

In this reading “A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.”

already done adverb + adjective

In this reading “The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.”

extends from verb + particle counted as “extend from”

In this reading “Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.”

on the east preposition + article + noun counted as “on … east”

In this reading “Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.”

reports of verb + particle counted as “report of”

In this reading “A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.”

on the west preposition + article + noun counted as “on … west”

In this reading “Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.”

old world adjective + noun

the regions of the world that were known to Europeans before the discovery of the Americas

In this reading “The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.”

All words in this reading · 110

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

Baja

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

basedadjectiveUS /beɪst/

having a base

From this reading A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.

boundedadjectiveUS /ˈbaʊndəd/

having the limits or boundaries established

From this reading Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.

CALIFORNIAnounUS /ˌkæləˈfɔːrnjə/

a state in the western United States on the Pacific; the 3rd largest state; known for earthquakes

From this reading LOWER CALIFORNIA.

CapenounUS /keɪp/

a strip of land projecting into a body of water

From this reading Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.

changedadjectiveUS /tʃeɪndʒd/

made or become different in nature or form

From this reading A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.

climatenounUS /ˈklaɪmət/

the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time

From this reading It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.

coastnounUS /koʊst/

the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.

considerverbUS /kənˈsɪdər/

deem to be

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

containingverbUS /kənˈteɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “contain” — include or contain; have as a component

From this reading It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

createverbUS /kriˈeɪt/

make or cause to be or to become

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

describedadjectiveUS /dɪˈskraɪbd/

represented in words especially with sharpness and detail

From this reading It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.

Diego

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.

earthquakenounUS /ˈɜːrθkweɪk/

shaking and vibration at the surface of the earth resulting from underground movement along a fault plane or from volcanic activity

From this reading It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.

eastnounUS /iːst/

the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees

From this reading Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.

entertainedadjectiveUS /ˌentərˈteɪnd/

pleasantly occupied

From this reading A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.

entirelyadverbUS /ɪnˈtaɪərli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.

excitementnounUS /ɪkˈsaɪtmənt/

the feeling of lively and cheerful joy

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

extendsverbUS /ɪkˈstendz/

third-person singular of “extend” — extend in scope or range or area

From this reading Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.

foreignadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrən/

of concern to or concerning the affairs of other nations (other than your own)

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.

grownadjectiveUS /ɡroʊn/

(of animals) fully developed

From this reading It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.

gulfnounUS /ɡʌlf/

an arm of a sea or ocean partly enclosed by land; larger than a bay

From this reading A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

hotadjectiveUS /hɑːt/

used of physical heat; having a high or higher than desirable temperature or giving off heat or feeling or causing a sensation of heat or burning

From this reading It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

internaladjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtɜːrnəl/

happening or arising or located within some limits or especially surface

From this reading It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.

leaguenounUS /liːɡ/

an association of sports teams that organizes matches for its members

From this reading Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.

learnverbUS /lɜːrn/

gain knowledge or skills

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.

LOWERverbUS /ˈloʊər/

move something or somebody to a lower position

From this reading LOWER CALIFORNIA.

LucasnounUS /ˈluːkəs/

United States screenwriter and filmmaker (born in 1944)

From this reading Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.

marineadjectiveUS /mərˈiːn/

of or relating to the sea

From this reading Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

merelyadverbUS /ˈmɪrli/

and nothing more

From this reading A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.

misrepresentedadjectiveUS /ˌmɪsreprɪˈzentɪd/

having an intended meaning altered or misrepresented

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.

northernadjectiveUS /ˈnɔːrðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States north of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.

objectnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekt/

a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

OceannounUS /ˈoʊʃən/

a large body of water constituting a principal part of the hydrosphere

From this reading Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

opinionnounUS /əˈpɪnjən/

a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.

PacificnounUS /pəˈsɪfɪk/

the largest ocean in the world

From this reading Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.

partiallyadverbUS /ˈpɑːrʃəli/

to some extent; in some degree; not wholly

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

possessingverbUS /pəˈzesɪŋ/

-ing form of “possess” — have as an attribute, knowledge, or skill

From this reading It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.

previouslyadverbUS /ˈpriːviəsli/

at an earlier time or formerly

From this reading A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.

reportsnounUS /rɪˈpɔːrts/

plural of “report” — a written document describing the findings of some individual or group

From this reading A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.

residencenounUS /ˈrezɪdəns/

any address at which you dwell more than temporarily

From this reading A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.

resourcesnounUS /ˈriːsɔːrsɪz/

plural of “resource” — available source of wealth; a new or reserve supply that can be drawn upon when needed

From this reading It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.

ruggedadjectiveUS /ˈrʌɡəd/

sturdy and strong in constitution or construction; enduring

From this reading A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.

runningadjectiveUS /ˈrʌnɪŋ/

(of fluids) moving or issuing in a stream

From this reading Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.

sailedverbUS /seɪld/

past form of “sail” — traverse or travel on (a body of water)

From this reading A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.

San

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.

satisfiedadjectiveUS /ˈsætəsfaɪd/

filled with satisfaction

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

sicklyadjectiveUS /ˈsɪkli/

unhealthy looking

From this reading It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.

sisternounUS /ˈsɪstər/

a female person who has the same parents as another person

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

sixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

soilnounUS /sɔɪl/

the state of being covered with unclean things

From this reading It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

southnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.

St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.

tailnounUS /teɪl/

the posterior part of the body of a vertebrate especially when elongated and extending beyond the trunk or main part of the body

From this reading It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.

territorynounUS /ˈterɪtɔːri/

a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

uninterestingadjectiveUS /əˈnɪntrəstɪŋ/

arousing no interest or attention or curiosity or excitement

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.

valuenounUS /ˈvæljuː/

a numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed

From this reading It has been described as the “tail end of an earthquake,”--as possessing a soil upon which nothing could be grown, a hot and sickly climate, and containing no internal resources of value.

westnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading Lower California extends from Cape St. Lucas to a line running one marine league south of San Diego, being bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and on the east by the gulf of California.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading A residence of six months upon the gulf of California entirely changed the opinion I had previously entertained of the country, which had been based upon reports of those who had merely sailed up or down its rugged coast.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading The territory of Lower California (California Baja) has been so much misrepresented, that although partially foreign to the object of this work, I consider it may not be uninteresting to learn something of a country which, I am satisfied, will one day create almost as much excitement in the old world as her northern sister has already done.

Chapter 17 of Six months in the gold mines by E. Gould (Edward Gould) Buffum holds 158 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of Six months in the gold mines contain?

Chapter 17 holds 158 sentences of Six months in the gold mines, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of Six months in the gold mines by E. Gould (Edward Gould) Buffum exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 158 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of Six months in the gold mines?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Six months in the gold mines

Common questions about reading Six months in the gold mines by E. Gould (Edward Gould) Buffum on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Six months in the gold mines?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Six months in the gold mines is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Six months in the gold mines take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Six months in the gold mines section by section

How to work through Six months in the gold mines section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of Six months in the gold mines to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Six months in the gold mines

Words and structures a reader meets early in Six months in the gold mines, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Six months in the gold mines, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Six months in the gold mines, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Six months in the gold mines, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.