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Sixty Years a Bookman, With Other
Sixty Years a Bookman, With Other

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Sixty Years a Bookman, With Other is here in full — 230 sentences across 46 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/46 · 5 lines
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The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.
In the early days of the nineteenth century serious attention was directed to underselling, and an association formed entitled "The Associated Booksellers."
This was formed in 1812, but the notorious Lackington carried underselling, and what he termed "remainders," to such an extreme that the very existence of the Bookselling trade was seriously threatened.
This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.
The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Sixty Years a Bookman, With Other

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Sixty Years a Bookman, With Other is here in full — 230 sentences across 46 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/46 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.
Line 2
In the early days of the nineteenth century serious attention was directed to underselling, and an association formed entitled "The Associated Booksellers."
/ɪn ðə ˈɜːrli deɪz ʌv ðə ˈnaɪnˈtiːnθ ˈsentʃəri ˈsɪriəs əˈtenʃən wɑːz dərˈektəd tuː ˈʌndərselɪŋ ənd æn əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃən fɔːrmd enˈtaɪtəld ðə əˈsoʊsieɪtɪd ˈbʊkselərz/
Line 3
This was formed in 1812, but the notorious Lackington carried underselling, and what he termed "remainders," to such an extreme that the very existence of the Bookselling trade was seriously threatened.
Line 4
This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.
Line 5
The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bookseller noun US /ˈbʊkselər/

the proprietor of a bookstore

From this reading “The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."”

Booksellers noun US /ˈbʊkselərz/

plural of “bookseller” — the proprietor of a bookstore

From this reading “In the early days of the nineteenth century serious attention was directed to underselling, and an association formed entitled "The Associated Booksellers."”

Caxton noun US /ˈkækstən/

English printer who in 1474 printed the first book in English (1422-1491)

From this reading “The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.”

mania noun US /ˈmeɪniə/

an irrational but irresistible motive for a belief or action

From this reading “This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.”

ownership noun US /ˈoʊnərʃɪp/

the relation of an owner to the thing possessed; possession with the right to transfer possession to others

From this reading “The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."”

purchaser noun US /ˈpɜːrtʃəsər/

a person who buys

From this reading “The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."”

resell verb US /riˈsel/

sell (something) again after having bought it

From this reading “The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."”

underselling verb US /ˈʌndərselɪŋ/

-ing form of “undersell” — sell cheaper than one's competition

From this reading “The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

nineteenth century adjective + noun

In this reading “In the early days of the nineteenth century serious attention was directed to underselling, and an association formed entitled "The Associated Booksellers."”

sufficient strength adjective + noun

In this reading “This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.”

early days adjective + noun

an early period of development

In this reading “In the early days of the nineteenth century serious attention was directed to underselling, and an association formed entitled "The Associated Booksellers."”

most difficult adverb + adjective

In this reading “This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.”

serious attention adjective + noun

In this reading “In the early days of the nineteenth century serious attention was directed to underselling, and an association formed entitled "The Associated Booksellers."”

purchase money noun + noun

In this reading “The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."”

necessary steps adjective + noun

In this reading “This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.”

very existence adjective + noun

In this reading “This was formed in 1812, but the notorious Lackington carried underselling, and what he termed "remainders," to such an extreme that the very existence of the Bookselling trade was seriously threatened.”

All words in this reading · 117

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1812

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This was formed in 1812, but the notorious Lackington carried underselling, and what he termed "remainders," to such an extreme that the very existence of the Bookselling trade was seriously threatened.

1850

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.

1852

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

acquiredadjectiveUS /əˈkwaɪərd/

gotten through environmental forces

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

advertisedadjectiveUS /ˈædvərtaɪzd/

called to public attention

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading In the early days of the nineteenth century serious attention was directed to underselling, and an association formed entitled "The Associated Booksellers."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

AssociatedverbUS /əˈsoʊsieɪtɪd/

past form of “associate” — make a logical or causal connection

From this reading In the early days of the nineteenth century serious attention was directed to underselling, and an association formed entitled "The Associated Booksellers."

associationnounUS /əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃən/

a formal organization of people or groups of people

From this reading In the early days of the nineteenth century serious attention was directed to underselling, and an association formed entitled "The Associated Booksellers."

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading In the early days of the nineteenth century serious attention was directed to underselling, and an association formed entitled "The Associated Booksellers."

attractingverbUS /əˈtræktɪŋ/

-ing form of “attract” — direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

booknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

booksellernounUS /ˈbʊkselər/

the proprietor of a bookstore

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

BooksellersnounUS /ˈbʊkselərz/

plural of “bookseller” — the proprietor of a bookstore

From this reading In the early days of the nineteenth century serious attention was directed to underselling, and an association formed entitled "The Associated Booksellers."

Bookselling

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading This was formed in 1812, but the notorious Lackington carried underselling, and what he termed "remainders," to such an extreme that the very existence of the Bookselling trade was seriously threatened.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

CampbellnounUS /ˈkæmbəl/

United States mythologist (1904-1987)

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading This was formed in 1812, but the notorious Lackington carried underselling, and what he termed "remainders," to such an extreme that the very existence of the Bookselling trade was seriously threatened.

CaxtonnounUS /ˈkækstən/

English printer who in 1474 printed the first book in English (1422-1491)

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading In the early days of the nineteenth century serious attention was directed to underselling, and an association formed entitled "The Associated Booksellers."

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

DeannounUS /diːn/

an administrator in charge of a division of a university or college

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

decisionnounUS /dɪˈsɪʒən/

the act of making up your mind about something

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

degreenounUS /dɪˈɡriː/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

derogated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

difficultadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfəkəlt/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.

directedadjectiveUS /dərˈektəd/

(often used in combination) having a specified direction

From this reading In the early days of the nineteenth century serious attention was directed to underselling, and an association formed entitled "The Associated Booksellers."

directionnounUS /dərˈekʃən/

a line leading to a place or point

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading In the early days of the nineteenth century serious attention was directed to underselling, and an association formed entitled "The Associated Booksellers."

entitledadjectiveUS /enˈtaɪtəld/

qualified for by right according to law

From this reading In the early days of the nineteenth century serious attention was directed to underselling, and an association formed entitled "The Associated Booksellers."

evilsnounUS /ˈiːvəlz/

plural of “evil” — morally objectionable behavior

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

existencenounUS /eɡˈzɪstəns/

the state or fact of existing

From this reading This was formed in 1812, but the notorious Lackington carried underselling, and what he termed "remainders," to such an extreme that the very existence of the Bookselling trade was seriously threatened.

extremeadjectiveUS /ekˈstriːm/

of the greatest possible degree or extent or intensity

From this reading This was formed in 1812, but the notorious Lackington carried underselling, and what he termed "remainders," to such an extreme that the very existence of the Bookselling trade was seriously threatened.

failedverbUS /feɪld/

past form of “fail” — fail to do something; leave something undone

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

formedadjectiveUS /fɔːrmd/

having or given a form or shape

From this reading In the early days of the nineteenth century serious attention was directed to underselling, and an association formed entitled "The Associated Booksellers."

foughtverbUS /fɔːt/

inflected form of “fight” — be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

givesnounUS /ɡɪvz/

plural of “give” — the elasticity of something that can be stretched and returns to its original length

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

Grote

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading This was formed in 1812, but the notorious Lackington carried underselling, and what he termed "remainders," to such an extreme that the very existence of the Bookselling trade was seriously threatened.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.

lackedverbUS /lækt/

past form of “lack” — be without

From this reading This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.

Lackington

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This was formed in 1812, but the notorious Lackington carried underselling, and what he termed "remainders," to such an extreme that the very existence of the Bookselling trade was seriously threatened.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

manianounUS /ˈmeɪniə/

an irrational but irresistible motive for a belief or action

From this reading This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.

Milman

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.

nineteenthadjectiveUS /ˈnaɪnˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the eighteenth in position

From this reading In the early days of the nineteenth century serious attention was directed to underselling, and an association formed entitled "The Associated Booksellers."

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

noblyadverbUS /ˈnɑːbli/

in a noble manner

From this reading This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.

notoriousadjectiveUS /noʊˈtɔːriəs/

known widely and usually unfavorably

From this reading This was formed in 1812, but the notorious Lackington carried underselling, and what he termed "remainders," to such an extreme that the very existence of the Bookselling trade was seriously threatened.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

opportunitynounUS /ˌɑːpərˈtuːnəti/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

owingadjectiveUS /ˈoʊɪŋ/

owed as a debt

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

ownershipnounUS /ˈoʊnərʃɪp/

the relation of an owner to the thing possessed; possession with the right to transfer possession to others

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

paidadjectiveUS /peɪd/

marked by the reception of pay

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

practisedadjectiveUS /ˈpræktɪst/

skillful after much practice

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

pricenounUS /praɪs/

the property of having material worth (often indicated by the amount of money something would bring if sold)

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

publiclyadverbUS /ˈpʌblɪkli/

in a manner accessible to or observable by the public; openly

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

publishedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌblɪʃt/

prepared and printed for distribution and sale

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

purchasenounUS /ˈpɜːrtʃəs/

the acquisition of something for payment

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

purchasernounUS /ˈpɜːrtʃəsər/

a person who buys

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

remainders

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This was formed in 1812, but the notorious Lackington carried underselling, and what he termed "remainders," to such an extreme that the very existence of the Bookselling trade was seriously threatened.

resellverbUS /riˈsel/

sell (something) again after having bought it

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

rightsnounUS /raɪts/

plural of “right” — an abstract idea of that which is due to a person or governmental body by law or tradition or nature

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

seriousadjectiveUS /ˈsɪriəs/

concerned with work or important matters rather than play or trivialities

From this reading In the early days of the nineteenth century serious attention was directed to underselling, and an association formed entitled "The Associated Booksellers."

seriouslyadverbUS /ˈsɪriəsli/

in a serious manner

From this reading This was formed in 1812, but the notorious Lackington carried underselling, and what he termed "remainders," to such an extreme that the very existence of the Bookselling trade was seriously threatened.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

stepsnounUS /steps/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.

stopverbUS /stɑːp/

come to a halt, stop moving

From this reading This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.

strengthnounUS /streŋkθ/

the property of being physically or mentally strong

From this reading This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading This was formed in 1812, but the notorious Lackington carried underselling, and what he termed "remainders," to such an extreme that the very existence of the Bookselling trade was seriously threatened.

sufficientadjectiveUS /səˈfɪʃənt/

of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant

From this reading This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.

termedverbUS /tɜːrmd/

past form of “term” — name formally or designate with a term

From this reading This was formed in 1812, but the notorious Lackington carried underselling, and what he termed "remainders," to such an extreme that the very existence of the Bookselling trade was seriously threatened.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

threatenedadjectiveUS /ˈθretənd/

(of flora or fauna) likely in the near future to become endangered

From this reading This was formed in 1812, but the notorious Lackington carried underselling, and what he termed "remainders," to such an extreme that the very existence of the Bookselling trade was seriously threatened.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In the early days of the nineteenth century serious attention was directed to underselling, and an association formed entitled "The Associated Booksellers."

TradenounUS /treɪd/

the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

tryingadjectiveUS /ˈtraɪɪŋ/

hard to endure

From this reading This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The Association failed, owing to the decision in 1852 by Lord Campbell, Mr. Grote, and Dean Milman that the question of a bookseller having "paid the purchase money shall not resell it under a certain price, derogated from the rights of ownership which, as purchaser, he had acquired."

UndersellingverbUS /ˈʌndərselɪŋ/

-ing form of “undersell” — sell cheaper than one's competition

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading This Association, however, lacked sufficient strength to take the necessary steps to stop the underselling mania, and it was not until 1850 that another Booksellers' Association was formed which nobly fought a most difficult and trying battle.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading This was formed in 1812, but the notorious Lackington carried underselling, and what he termed "remainders," to such an extreme that the very existence of the Bookselling trade was seriously threatened.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In the early days of the nineteenth century serious attention was directed to underselling, and an association formed entitled "The Associated Booksellers."

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading This was formed in 1812, but the notorious Lackington carried underselling, and what he termed "remainders," to such an extreme that the very existence of the Bookselling trade was seriously threatened.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The Bookselling Trade and Underselling The published price of a book being publicly advertised, there is probably no other trade which gives the same opportunity of attracting the public by underselling as that of Bookselling, and evils of a greater or less degree in this direction have been practised since the days of Caxton.

Chapter 7 of Sixty Years a Bookman, With Other by Joseph Shaylor holds 230 sentences, grouped into 46 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Sixty Years a Bookman, With Other contain?

Chapter 7 holds 230 sentences of Sixty Years a Bookman, With Other, unabridged, divided into 46 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Sixty Years a Bookman, With Other by Joseph Shaylor exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 230 sentences, grouped into 46 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Sixty Years a Bookman, With Other?

Work through the 46 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 46 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Yes. All 1211 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #61453 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #61453, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 100 minutes of reading across 243 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Sixty Years a Bookman, With Other

Words and structures a reader meets early in Sixty Years a Bookman, With Other, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Fascination
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sixty Years a Bookman, With Other; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Books
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sixty Years a Bookman, With Other; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Other
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sixty Years a Bookman, With Other; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Essays
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