Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Sketches of Gotham
Sketches of Gotham

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Sketches of Gotham is here in full — 412 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Sketches of Gotham
Context Illustration Reading 1/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.
But at the end of every ready-money proposition of that kind there is a trap.
Sometimes the road is very long and the final tragedy is averted for a considerable period, but whether long or short it is bound to come sooner or later.
The girl had grown to be a pastmaster of the art of forging signatures and success in getting the money had made the man bold.
He began to be less cautious and the finish came so sure and sudden that it almost stunned him.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Sketches of Gotham

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Sketches of Gotham is here in full — 412 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.
Line 2
But at the end of every ready-money proposition of that kind there is a trap.
Line 3
Sometimes the road is very long and the final tragedy is averted for a considerable period, but whether long or short it is bound to come sooner or later.
/səmˈtaɪmz ðə roʊd ɪz ˈveri lɔːŋ ənd ðə ˈfaɪnəl ˈtrædʒədi ɪz əˈvɜːrtɪd fɔːr ə kənˈsɪdərəbəl ˈpɪriəd bʌt ˈweðər lɔːŋ ɔːr ʃɔːrt ɪt ɪz baʊnd tuː kʌm ˈsuːnər ɔːr ˈleɪtər/
Line 4
The girl had grown to be a pastmaster of the art of forging signatures and success in getting the money had made the man bold.
Line 5
He began to be less cautious and the finish came so sure and sudden that it almost stunned him.
/hiː bɪˈɡæn tuː biː les ˈkɔːʃəs ənd ðə ˈfɪnɪʃ keɪm soʊ ʃʊr ənd ˈsʌdən ðæt ɪt ˈɔːlmoʊst stʌnd hɪm/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

averted verb US /əˈvɜːrtɪd/

past form of “avert” — prevent the occurrence of; prevent from happening

From this reading “Sometimes the road is very long and the final tragedy is averted for a considerable period, but whether long or short it is bound to come sooner or later.”

cautious adjective US /ˈkɔːʃəs/

showing careful forethought

From this reading “He began to be less cautious and the finish came so sure and sudden that it almost stunned him.”

forging noun US /ˈfɔːrdʒɪŋ/

shaping metal by heating and hammering

From this reading “The girl had grown to be a pastmaster of the art of forging signatures and success in getting the money had made the man bold.”

income noun US /ˈɪnkʌm/

the financial gain (earned or unearned) accruing over a given period of time

From this reading “It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.”

proposition noun US /ˌprɑːpəˈzɪʃən/

(logic) a statement that affirms or denies something and is either true or false

From this reading “But at the end of every ready-money proposition of that kind there is a trap.”

rarely adverb US /ˈrerli/

not often

From this reading “It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.”

signatures noun US /ˈsɪɡnətʃərz/

plural of “signature” — your name written in your own handwriting

From this reading “The girl had grown to be a pastmaster of the art of forging signatures and success in getting the money had made the man bold.”

stunned adjective US /stʌnd/

filled with the emotional impact of overwhelming surprise or shock

From this reading “He began to be less cautious and the finish came so sure and sudden that it almost stunned him.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

considerable period adjective + noun

In this reading “Sometimes the road is very long and the final tragedy is averted for a considerable period, but whether long or short it is bound to come sooner or later.”

almost stunned adverb + adjective

In this reading “He began to be less cautious and the finish came so sure and sudden that it almost stunned him.”

at the end preposition + article + noun counted as “at … end”

In this reading “But at the end of every ready-money proposition of that kind there is a trap.”

All words in this reading · 82

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

100

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

admittedverbUS /ədˈmɪtɪd/

inflected form of “admit” — declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or truth of

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading He began to be less cautious and the finish came so sure and sudden that it almost stunned him.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading The girl had grown to be a pastmaster of the art of forging signatures and success in getting the money had made the man bold.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading But at the end of every ready-money proposition of that kind there is a trap.

avertedverbUS /əˈvɜːrtɪd/

past form of “avert” — prevent the occurrence of; prevent from happening

From this reading Sometimes the road is very long and the final tragedy is averted for a considerable period, but whether long or short it is bound to come sooner or later.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The girl had grown to be a pastmaster of the art of forging signatures and success in getting the money had made the man bold.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading He began to be less cautious and the finish came so sure and sudden that it almost stunned him.

belowprepositionUS /bɪˈloʊ/

at or to a lower level than something

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

boldadjectiveUS /boʊld/

fearless and daring

From this reading The girl had grown to be a pastmaster of the art of forging signatures and success in getting the money had made the man bold.

boundadjectiveUS /baʊnd/

confined by bonds

From this reading Sometimes the road is very long and the final tragedy is averted for a considerable period, but whether long or short it is bound to come sooner or later.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But at the end of every ready-money proposition of that kind there is a trap.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading He began to be less cautious and the finish came so sure and sudden that it almost stunned him.

caredverbUS /kerd/

past form of “care” — feel concern or interest

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

cautiousadjectiveUS /ˈkɔːʃəs/

showing careful forethought

From this reading He began to be less cautious and the finish came so sure and sudden that it almost stunned him.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Sometimes the road is very long and the final tragedy is averted for a considerable period, but whether long or short it is bound to come sooner or later.

considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Sometimes the road is very long and the final tragedy is averted for a considerable period, but whether long or short it is bound to come sooner or later.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading But at the end of every ready-money proposition of that kind there is a trap.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading But at the end of every ready-money proposition of that kind there is a trap.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

finaladjectiveUS /ˈfaɪnəl/

occurring at or forming an end or termination

From this reading Sometimes the road is very long and the final tragedy is averted for a considerable period, but whether long or short it is bound to come sooner or later.

finishverbUS /ˈfɪnɪʃ/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading He began to be less cautious and the finish came so sure and sudden that it almost stunned him.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Sometimes the road is very long and the final tragedy is averted for a considerable period, but whether long or short it is bound to come sooner or later.

forgingnounUS /ˈfɔːrdʒɪŋ/

shaping metal by heating and hammering

From this reading The girl had grown to be a pastmaster of the art of forging signatures and success in getting the money had made the man bold.

gettingnounUS /ˈɡetɪŋ/

the act of acquiring something

From this reading The girl had grown to be a pastmaster of the art of forging signatures and success in getting the money had made the man bold.

girlnounUS /ɡɜːrl/

a young female

From this reading The girl had grown to be a pastmaster of the art of forging signatures and success in getting the money had made the man bold.

grownadjectiveUS /ɡroʊn/

(of animals) fully developed

From this reading The girl had grown to be a pastmaster of the art of forging signatures and success in getting the money had made the man bold.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The girl had grown to be a pastmaster of the art of forging signatures and success in getting the money had made the man bold.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He began to be less cautious and the finish came so sure and sudden that it almost stunned him.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He began to be less cautious and the finish came so sure and sudden that it almost stunned him.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The girl had grown to be a pastmaster of the art of forging signatures and success in getting the money had made the man bold.

incomenounUS /ˈɪnkʌm/

the financial gain (earned or unearned) accruing over a given period of time

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But at the end of every ready-money proposition of that kind there is a trap.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading But at the end of every ready-money proposition of that kind there is a trap.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading Sometimes the road is very long and the final tragedy is averted for a considerable period, but whether long or short it is bound to come sooner or later.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading He began to be less cautious and the finish came so sure and sudden that it almost stunned him.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Sometimes the road is very long and the final tragedy is averted for a considerable period, but whether long or short it is bound to come sooner or later.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The girl had grown to be a pastmaster of the art of forging signatures and success in getting the money had made the man bold.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The girl had grown to be a pastmaster of the art of forging signatures and success in getting the money had made the man bold.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading The girl had grown to be a pastmaster of the art of forging signatures and success in getting the money had made the man bold.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading But at the end of every ready-money proposition of that kind there is a trap.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Sometimes the road is very long and the final tragedy is averted for a considerable period, but whether long or short it is bound to come sooner or later.

pastmaster

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The girl had grown to be a pastmaster of the art of forging signatures and success in getting the money had made the man bold.

periodnounUS /ˈpɪriəd/

an amount of time

From this reading Sometimes the road is very long and the final tragedy is averted for a considerable period, but whether long or short it is bound to come sooner or later.

propositionnounUS /ˌprɑːpəˈzɪʃən/

(logic) a statement that affirms or denies something and is either true or false

From this reading But at the end of every ready-money proposition of that kind there is a trap.

rarelyadverbUS /ˈrerli/

not often

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

ready-money

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But at the end of every ready-money proposition of that kind there is a trap.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading Sometimes the road is very long and the final tragedy is averted for a considerable period, but whether long or short it is bound to come sooner or later.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading Sometimes the road is very long and the final tragedy is averted for a considerable period, but whether long or short it is bound to come sooner or later.

signaturesnounUS /ˈsɪɡnətʃərz/

plural of “signature” — your name written in your own handwriting

From this reading The girl had grown to be a pastmaster of the art of forging signatures and success in getting the money had made the man bold.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading He began to be less cautious and the finish came so sure and sudden that it almost stunned him.

SometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading Sometimes the road is very long and the final tragedy is averted for a considerable period, but whether long or short it is bound to come sooner or later.

sooneradverbUS /ˈsuːnər/

comparatives of “soon” or “early”

From this reading Sometimes the road is very long and the final tragedy is averted for a considerable period, but whether long or short it is bound to come sooner or later.

stunnedadjectiveUS /stʌnd/

filled with the emotional impact of overwhelming surprise or shock

From this reading He began to be less cautious and the finish came so sure and sudden that it almost stunned him.

successnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading The girl had grown to be a pastmaster of the art of forging signatures and success in getting the money had made the man bold.

suddenadjectiveUS /ˈsʌdən/

happening without warning or in a short space of time

From this reading He began to be less cautious and the finish came so sure and sudden that it almost stunned him.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading He began to be less cautious and the finish came so sure and sudden that it almost stunned him.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading But at the end of every ready-money proposition of that kind there is a trap.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading But at the end of every ready-money proposition of that kind there is a trap.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

tragedynounUS /ˈtrædʒədi/

an event resulting in great loss and misfortune

From this reading Sometimes the road is very long and the final tragedy is averted for a considerable period, but whether long or short it is bound to come sooner or later.

trapnounUS /træp/

a device in which something (usually an animal) can be caught and penned

From this reading But at the end of every ready-money proposition of that kind there is a trap.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Sometimes the road is very long and the final tragedy is averted for a considerable period, but whether long or short it is bound to come sooner or later.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading Sometimes the road is very long and the final tragedy is averted for a considerable period, but whether long or short it is bound to come sooner or later.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

workedverbUS /wɜːrkt/

past form of “work” — exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading It has been told time and again how it worked and they themselves have admitted that their income rarely fell below $100 a day when they cared to work.

Chapter 4 of Sketches of Gotham by Ike Swift holds 412 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Sketches of Gotham contain?

Chapter 4 holds 412 sentences of Sketches of Gotham, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Sketches of Gotham by Ike Swift exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 412 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Sketches of Gotham?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Sketches of Gotham

Common questions about reading Sketches of Gotham by Ike Swift on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Sketches of Gotham?

Yes. All 3355 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #61454 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Sketches of Gotham is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #61454, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Sketches of Gotham take to read?

About 279 minutes of reading across 671 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Sketches of Gotham section by section

How to work through Sketches of Gotham section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 8 chapters of Sketches of Gotham to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Sketches of Gotham

Words and structures a reader meets early in Sketches of Gotham, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Collection
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sketches of Gotham; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Unusual
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sketches of Gotham; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stories
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sketches of Gotham; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Usual
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sketches of Gotham; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.