1867
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading ‘Smoke’ was first published in 1867, several years after Turgenev had fixed his home in Baden, with his friends the Viardots.
used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
(usually followed by “to”) having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/
later than; following
From this reading ‘Smoke’ was first published in 1867, several years after Turgenev had fixed his home in Baden, with his friends the Viardots.
(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound
From this reading On a veiled background of the great world of European society, little groups of representative Russians, members of the aristocratic and the Young Russia parties, are etched with an incisive, unfaltering hand.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/
the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun
From this reading On a veiled background of the great world of European society, little groups of representative Russians, members of the aristocratic and the Young Russia parties, are etched with an incisive, unfaltering hand.
aristocraticadjectiveUS /ərˌɪstəˈkrætɪk/
belonging to or characteristic of the nobility or aristocracy
From this reading On a veiled background of the great world of European society, little groups of representative Russians, members of the aristocratic and the Young Russia parties, are etched with an incisive, unfaltering hand.
at the same time that; because; in the way that
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
in or near a particular place or position
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
backgroundnounUS /ˈbækɡraʊnd/
a person's social heritage: previous experience or training
From this reading On a veiled background of the great world of European society, little groups of representative Russians, members of the aristocratic and the Young Russia parties, are etched with an incisive, unfaltering hand.
Baden
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading ‘Smoke’ was first published in 1867, several years after Turgenev had fixed his home in Baden, with his friends the Viardots.
plural of “child” — a young person of either sex
From this reading _Smoke_, as an historical study, though it yields in importance to _Fathers and Children_ and _Virgin Soil_, is of great significance to Russians.
circlesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəlz/
plural of “circle” — ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
cosmopolitanadjectiveUS /ˌkɑːzməˈpɑːlətən/
growing or occurring in many parts of the world
From this reading The novel is therefore the most cosmopolitan of all Turgenev’s works.
countrymennounUS /ˈkʌntrimɪn/
plural of “countryman” — a man from your own country
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
criticaladjectiveUS /ˈkrɪtɪkəl/
marked by a tendency to find and call attention to errors and flaws
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
the specified day of the month
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
etchedadjectiveUS /etʃt/
cut or impressed into a surface
From this reading On a veiled background of the great world of European society, little groups of representative Russians, members of the aristocratic and the Young Russia parties, are etched with an incisive, unfaltering hand.
EuropeannounUS /ˌjʊrəˈpiːən/
a native or inhabitant of Europe
From this reading On a veiled background of the great world of European society, little groups of representative Russians, members of the aristocratic and the Young Russia parties, are etched with an incisive, unfaltering hand.
opinion or judgment
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
FathersnounUS /ˈfɑːðərz/
plural of “father” — a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)
From this reading _Smoke_, as an historical study, though it yields in importance to _Fathers and Children_ and _Virgin Soil_, is of great significance to Russians.
a competitor thought likely to win
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/
preceding all others in time or space or degree
From this reading ‘Smoke’ was first published in 1867, several years after Turgenev had fixed his home in Baden, with his friends the Viardots.
(of a number) having a fixed and unchanging value
From this reading ‘Smoke’ was first published in 1867, several years after Turgenev had fixed his home in Baden, with his friends the Viardots.
intended to be given to, or used by, somebody
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
of concern to or concerning the affairs of other nations (other than your own)
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust
From this reading ‘Smoke’ was first published in 1867, several years after Turgenev had fixed his home in Baden, with his friends the Viardots.
relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind
From this reading On a veiled background of the great world of European society, little groups of representative Russians, members of the aristocratic and the Young Russia parties, are etched with an incisive, unfaltering hand.
groupsnounUS /ɡruːps/
plural of “group” — any number of entities (members) considered as a unit
From this reading On a veiled background of the great world of European society, little groups of representative Russians, members of the aristocratic and the Young Russia parties, are etched with an incisive, unfaltering hand.
hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/
the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect
From this reading ‘Smoke’ was first published in 1867, several years after Turgenev had fixed his home in Baden, with his friends the Viardots.
the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb
From this reading On a veiled background of the great world of European society, little groups of representative Russians, members of the aristocratic and the Young Russia parties, are etched with an incisive, unfaltering hand.
belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned
From this reading ‘Smoke’ was first published in 1867, several years after Turgenev had fixed his home in Baden, with his friends the Viardots.
historicaladjectiveUS /hɪˈstɔːrɪkəl/
of or relating to the study of history
From this reading _Smoke_, as an historical study, though it yields in importance to _Fathers and Children_ and _Virgin Soil_, is of great significance to Russians.
where you live at a particular time
From this reading ‘Smoke’ was first published in 1867, several years after Turgenev had fixed his home in Baden, with his friends the Viardots.
the quality of being important and worthy of note
From this reading _Smoke_, as an historical study, though it yields in importance to _Fathers and Children_ and _Virgin Soil_, is of great significance to Russians.
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading ‘Smoke’ was first published in 1867, several years after Turgenev had fixed his home in Baden, with his friends the Viardots.
incisiveadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈsaɪsɪv/
having or demonstrating ability to recognize or draw fine distinctions
From this reading On a veiled background of the great world of European society, little groups of representative Russians, members of the aristocratic and the Young Russia parties, are etched with an incisive, unfaltering hand.
the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading The novel is therefore the most cosmopolitan of all Turgenev’s works.
a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned
From this reading _Smoke_, as an historical study, though it yields in importance to _Fathers and Children_ and _Virgin Soil_, is of great significance to Russians.
leisurenounUS /ˈleʒər/
time available for ease and relaxation
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent
From this reading On a veiled background of the great world of European society, little groups of representative Russians, members of the aristocratic and the Young Russia parties, are etched with an incisive, unfaltering hand.
plural of “member” — one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)
From this reading On a veiled background of the great world of European society, little groups of representative Russians, members of the aristocratic and the Young Russia parties, are etched with an incisive, unfaltering hand.
used to form the superlative
From this reading The novel is therefore the most cosmopolitan of all Turgenev’s works.
an extended fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story
From this reading The novel is therefore the most cosmopolitan of all Turgenev’s works.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
touching and supported by a surface
From this reading On a veiled background of the great world of European society, little groups of representative Russians, members of the aristocratic and the Young Russia parties, are etched with an incisive, unfaltering hand.
plural of “party” — an organization to gain political power
From this reading On a veiled background of the great world of European society, little groups of representative Russians, members of the aristocratic and the Young Russia parties, are etched with an incisive, unfaltering hand.
prepared and printed for distribution and sale
From this reading ‘Smoke’ was first published in 1867, several years after Turgenev had fixed his home in Baden, with his friends the Viardots.
representativenounUS /ˌreprəˈzentətɪv/
a person who represents others
From this reading On a veiled background of the great world of European society, little groups of representative Russians, members of the aristocratic and the Young Russia parties, are etched with an incisive, unfaltering hand.
resortnounUS /rɪˈzɔːrt/
a hotel located in a resort area
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
RussianounUS /ˈrʌʃə/
a former communist country in eastern Europe and northern Asia; established in 1922; included Russia and 14 other soviet socialist republics (Ukraine and Byelorussia and others); officially dissolved 31 December 1991
From this reading On a veiled background of the great world of European society, little groups of representative Russians, members of the aristocratic and the Young Russia parties, are etched with an incisive, unfaltering hand.
RussiannounUS /ˈrʌʃən/
a native or inhabitant of Russia
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
RussiansnounUS /ˈrʌʃənz/
plural of “russian” — a native or inhabitant of Russia
From this reading On a veiled background of the great world of European society, little groups of representative Russians, members of the aristocratic and the Young Russia parties, are etched with an incisive, unfaltering hand.
(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many
From this reading ‘Smoke’ was first published in 1867, several years after Turgenev had fixed his home in Baden, with his friends the Viardots.
significancenounUS /səɡˈnɪfɪkəns/
the quality of being significant
From this reading _Smoke_, as an historical study, though it yields in importance to _Fathers and Children_ and _Virgin Soil_, is of great significance to Russians.
a cloud of fine particles suspended in a gas
From this reading ‘Smoke’ was first published in 1867, several years after Turgenev had fixed his home in Baden, with his friends the Viardots.
an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
the state of being covered with unclean things
From this reading _Smoke_, as an historical study, though it yields in importance to _Fathers and Children_ and _Virgin Soil_, is of great significance to Russians.
a detailed critical inspection
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading ‘Smoke’ was first published in 1867, several years after Turgenev had fixed his home in Baden, with his friends the Viardots.
for that reason; as a result
From this reading The novel is therefore the most cosmopolitan of all Turgenev’s works.
the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
in spite of the fact that
From this reading _Smoke_, as an historical study, though it yields in importance to _Fathers and Children_ and _Virgin Soil_, is of great significance to Russians.
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading Baden at this date was a favourite resort for all circles of Russian society, and Turgenev was able to study at his leisure his countrymen as they appeared to foreign critical eyes.
Turgenevnoun
Russian writer of stories and novels and plays (1818-1883)
From this reading ‘Smoke’ was first published in 1867, several years after Turgenev had fixed his home in Baden, with his friends the Viardots.
Turgenev's
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading The novel is therefore the most cosmopolitan of all Turgenev’s works.
unfalteringadjective
marked by firm determination or resolution; not shakable
From this reading On a veiled background of the great world of European society, little groups of representative Russians, members of the aristocratic and the Young Russia parties, are etched with an incisive, unfaltering hand.
veiledadjectiveUS /veɪld/
having or as if having a veil or concealing cover
From this reading On a veiled background of the great world of European society, little groups of representative Russians, members of the aristocratic and the Young Russia parties, are etched with an incisive, unfaltering hand.
Viardots
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading ‘Smoke’ was first published in 1867, several years after Turgenev had fixed his home in Baden, with his friends the Viardots.
VirginnounUS /ˈvɜːrdʒɪn/
a person who has never had sex
From this reading _Smoke_, as an historical study, though it yields in importance to _Fathers and Children_ and _Virgin Soil_, is of great significance to Russians.
wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/
the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading ‘Smoke’ was first published in 1867, several years after Turgenev had fixed his home in Baden, with his friends the Viardots.
in the company of; together with
From this reading ‘Smoke’ was first published in 1867, several years after Turgenev had fixed his home in Baden, with his friends the Viardots.
buildings for carrying on industrial labor
From this reading The novel is therefore the most cosmopolitan of all Turgenev’s works.
everything that exists anywhere
From this reading On a veiled background of the great world of European society, little groups of representative Russians, members of the aristocratic and the Young Russia parties, are etched with an incisive, unfaltering hand.
a late time of life
From this reading ‘Smoke’ was first published in 1867, several years after Turgenev had fixed his home in Baden, with his friends the Viardots.
yieldsnounUS /jiːldz/
plural of “yield” — production of a certain amount
From this reading _Smoke_, as an historical study, though it yields in importance to _Fathers and Children_ and _Virgin Soil_, is of great significance to Russians.
(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth
From this reading On a veiled background of the great world of European society, little groups of representative Russians, members of the aristocratic and the Young Russia parties, are etched with an incisive, unfaltering hand.
