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Smoking flax
Smoking flax

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Smoking flax is here in full — 46 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Smoking flax
Context Illustration Reading 1/9 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Time went swiftly.
The seasons followed each other without that fierceness in them to which one is accustomed in the North.
The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.
The wet kine and horses turned away from the North and stood in slanting rains with bowed heads.
Christmas passed, and New Year.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Smoking flax

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Smoking flax is here in full — 46 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/9 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Time went swiftly.
/taɪm went ˈswɪftli/
Line 2
The seasons followed each other without that fierceness in them to which one is accustomed in the North.
Line 3
The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.
Line 4
The wet kine and horses turned away from the North and stood in slanting rains with bowed heads.
Line 5
Christmas passed, and New Year.
/ˈkrɪsməs pæst ənd nuː jɪr/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

frosts noun US /frɔːsts/

plural of “frost” — ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)

From this reading “The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.”

hangings noun US /ˈhæŋɡɪŋz/

plural of “hanging” — decoration that is hung (as a tapestry) on a wall or over a window

From this reading “The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.”

leafy adjective US /ˈliːfi/

having or covered with leaves

From this reading “The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.”

linnet noun US /ˈlɪnɪt/

small finch originally of the western United States and Mexico

From this reading “The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.”

rains noun US /reɪnz/

plural of “rain” — water falling in drops from vapor condensed in the atmosphere

From this reading “The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.”

seasons noun US /ˈsiːzənz/

plural of “season” — a period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field

From this reading “The seasons followed each other without that fierceness in them to which one is accustomed in the North.”

slanting adjective US /ˈslæntɪŋ/

having an oblique or slanted direction

From this reading “The wet kine and horses turned away from the North and stood in slanting rains with bowed heads.”

thicket noun US /ˈθɪkɪt/

a dense growth of bushes

From this reading “The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

bowed heads adjective + noun counted as “bowed head”

In this reading “The wet kine and horses turned away from the North and stood in slanting rains with bowed heads.”

from the North preposition + article + noun counted as “from … north”

In this reading “The wet kine and horses turned away from the North and stood in slanting rains with bowed heads.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

accustomedadjectiveUS /əˈkʌstəmd/

commonly used or practiced; usual

From this reading The seasons followed each other without that fierceness in them to which one is accustomed in the North.

ampleadjectiveUS /ˈæmpəl/

more than enough in size or scope or capacity

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading The wet kine and horses turned away from the North and stood in slanting rains with bowed heads.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

bowedadjectiveUS /baʊd/

of a stringed instrument; sounded by stroking with a bow

From this reading The wet kine and horses turned away from the North and stood in slanting rains with bowed heads.

chillnounUS /tʃɪl/

coldness due to a cold environment

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

ChristmasnounUS /ˈkrɪsməs/

period extending from Dec. 24 to Jan. 6

From this reading Christmas passed, and New Year.

DecembernounUS /dɪˈsembər/

the last (12th) month of the year

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading The seasons followed each other without that fierceness in them to which one is accustomed in the North.

fiercenessnoun

the property of being wild or turbulent

From this reading The seasons followed each other without that fierceness in them to which one is accustomed in the North.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading The seasons followed each other without that fierceness in them to which one is accustomed in the North.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

frostsnounUS /frɔːsts/

plural of “frost” — ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

gentleadjectiveUS /ˈdʒentəl/

soft and mild; not harsh or stern or severe

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

hangingsnounUS /ˈhæŋɡɪŋz/

plural of “hanging” — decoration that is hung (as a tapestry) on a wall or over a window

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

headsnounUS /hedz/

plural of “head” — the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading The wet kine and horses turned away from the North and stood in slanting rains with bowed heads.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading The wet kine and horses turned away from the North and stood in slanting rains with bowed heads.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The seasons followed each other without that fierceness in them to which one is accustomed in the North.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The seasons followed each other without that fierceness in them to which one is accustomed in the North.

kindlyadjectiveUS /ˈkaɪndli/

showing or motivated by sympathy and understanding and generosity

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

kinenoun

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading The wet kine and horses turned away from the North and stood in slanting rains with bowed heads.

leafyadjectiveUS /ˈliːfi/

having or covered with leaves

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

linnetnounUS /ˈlɪnɪt/

small finch originally of the western United States and Mexico

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Christmas passed, and New Year.

NorthnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The seasons followed each other without that fierceness in them to which one is accustomed in the North.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The seasons followed each other without that fierceness in them to which one is accustomed in the North.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The seasons followed each other without that fierceness in them to which one is accustomed in the North.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading Christmas passed, and New Year.

rainsnounUS /reɪnz/

plural of “rain” — water falling in drops from vapor condensed in the atmosphere

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

robesnounUS /roʊbz/

plural of “robe” — any loose flowing garment

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

robinnounUS /ˈrɑːbən/

small Old World songbird with a reddish breast

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

ruby-throat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

seasonsnounUS /ˈsiːzənz/

plural of “season” — a period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field

From this reading The seasons followed each other without that fierceness in them to which one is accustomed in the North.

shelternounUS /ˈʃeltər/

a structure that provides privacy and protection from danger

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

slantingadjectiveUS /ˈslæntɪŋ/

having an oblique or slanted direction

From this reading The wet kine and horses turned away from the North and stood in slanting rains with bowed heads.

slowlyadverbUS /ˈsloʊli/

without speed (“slow” is sometimes used informally for “slowly”)

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading The wet kine and horses turned away from the North and stood in slanting rains with bowed heads.

strippedadjectiveUS /strɪpt/

having only essential or minimal features

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

swiftlyadverbUS /ˈswɪftli/

in a swift manner

From this reading Time went swiftly.

takingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The seasons followed each other without that fierceness in them to which one is accustomed in the North.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The seasons followed each other without that fierceness in them to which one is accustomed in the North.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The seasons followed each other without that fierceness in them to which one is accustomed in the North.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

thicketnounUS /ˈθɪkɪt/

a dense growth of bushes

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

TimenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Time went swiftly.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The seasons followed each other without that fierceness in them to which one is accustomed in the North.

treenounUS /triː/

a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading The wet kine and horses turned away from the North and stood in slanting rains with bowed heads.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

warningnounUS /ˈwɔːrnɪŋ/

a message informing of danger

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Time went swiftly.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The very frosts were gentle; slowly and kindly they stripped the green robes from tree and thicket, gave ample warning to the robin, linnet and ruby-throat before taking down the leafy hangings and leaving their shelter open to the chill rains of December.

wetadjectiveUS /wet/

covered or soaked with a liquid such as water

From this reading The wet kine and horses turned away from the North and stood in slanting rains with bowed heads.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The seasons followed each other without that fierceness in them to which one is accustomed in the North.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The wet kine and horses turned away from the North and stood in slanting rains with bowed heads.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading The seasons followed each other without that fierceness in them to which one is accustomed in the North.

YearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading Christmas passed, and New Year.

Chapter 11 of Smoking flax by Hallie Erminie Rives holds 46 sentences, grouped into 10 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Smoking flax contain?

Chapter 11 holds 46 sentences of Smoking flax, unabridged, divided into 10 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Smoking flax by Hallie Erminie Rives exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 46 sentences, grouped into 10 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Smoking flax?

Work through the 10 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 10 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Smoking flax

Common questions about reading Smoking flax by Hallie Erminie Rives on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Smoking flax?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Smoking flax is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Smoking flax take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Smoking flax section by section

How to work through Smoking flax section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of Smoking flax to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Smoking flax

Words and structures a reader meets early in Smoking flax, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Smoking flax, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Smoking flax, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Smoking flax, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.