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Smoky, the cow horse
Smoky, the cow horse

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Smoky, the cow horse is here in full — 151 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Smoky, the cow horse
Context Illustration Reading 1/30 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.
Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.
It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.
His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.
It was his habit as a cowman to keep his eyes on the job while riding, and for the good of the company or his own, nary a thing had ever escaped his vision unless it was just too far for that vision to reach.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Smoky, the cow horse

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Smoky, the cow horse is here in full — 151 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/30 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.
Line 2
Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.
Line 3
It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.
/ɪt wɑːz ə hɑːt deɪ nɑːt ə breθ stɜːrd ðə er ənd æz ðə oʊld ˈkaʊmən roʊd hiː ˈlɪftəd hɪz hæt ˈɔːfən tuː ˈkɪndə let ə freʃ səˈplaɪ ʌv ˈætməsfɪr kʌm ɪn ˌʌndərˈniːθ/
Line 4
His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.
Line 5
It was his habit as a cowman to keep his eyes on the job while riding, and for the good of the company or his own, nary a thing had ever escaped his vision unless it was just too far for that vision to reach.
/ɪt wɑːz hɪz ˈhæbət æz ə ˈkaʊmən tuː kiːp hɪz aɪz ɑːn ðə dʒɑːb waɪl ˈraɪdɪŋ ənd fɔːr ðə ɡʊd ʌv ðə ˈkʌmpəniː ɔːr hɪz oʊn ˈneri ə θɪŋ hæd ˈevər ɪˈskeɪpt hɪz ˈvɪʒən ənˈles ɪt wɑːz dʒʌst tuː fɑːr fɔːr ðæt ˈvɪʒən tuː riːtʃ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

camps noun US /kæmps/

plural of “camp” — temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading “Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.”

cowman noun US /ˈkaʊmən/

a hired hand who tends cattle and performs other duties on horseback

From this reading “It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.”

kinda adverb US /ˈkɪndə/

to some (great or small) extent

From this reading “Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.”

nary adjective US /ˈneri/

(used with singular count nouns) colloquial for “not a” or “not one” or “never a”

From this reading “It was his habit as a cowman to keep his eyes on the job while riding, and for the good of the company or his own, nary a thing had ever escaped his vision unless it was just too far for that vision to reach.”

Nicks noun US /nɪks/

plural of “nick” — an impression in a surface (as made by a blow)

From this reading “SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.”

skyline noun US /ˈskaɪlaɪn/

the outline of objects seen against the sky

From this reading “His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.”

smoky adjective US /ˈsmoʊki/

marked by or emitting or filled with smoke

From this reading “SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.”

strung adjective US /strʌŋ/

that is on a string

From this reading “Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

big brown adjective + noun

In this reading “His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.”

hot day adjective + noun

In this reading “It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.”

charge of verb + particle

In this reading “Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.”

good time adjective + noun

a highly pleasurable or exciting experience

In this reading “Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.”

supply of verb + particle

In this reading “It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.”

All words in this reading · 115

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.

atmospherenounUS /ˈætməsfɪr/

a particular environment or surrounding influence

From this reading It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

bigadjectiveUS /bɪɡ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.

bossnounUS /bɑːs/

a person who exercises control over workers

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

breakingnounUS /ˈbreɪkɪŋ/

the act of breaking something

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

breathnounUS /breθ/

the process of taking in and expelling air during breathing

From this reading It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.

brownnounUS /braʊn/

an orange of low brightness and saturation

From this reading His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.

campnounUS /kæmp/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

campsnounUS /kæmps/

plural of “camp” — temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

caughtverbUS /kɑːt/

inflected form of “catch” — discover or come upon accidentally, suddenly, or unexpectedly; catch somebody doing something or in a certain state

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

chargeverbUS /tʃɑːrdʒ/

to make a rush at or sudden attack upon, as in battle

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

Clint

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.

companynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading It was his habit as a cowman to keep his eyes on the job while riding, and for the good of the company or his own, nary a thing had ever escaped his vision unless it was just too far for that vision to reach.

coulee

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.

coververbUS /ˈkʌvər/

provide with a covering or cause to be covered

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

coveringnounUS /ˈkʌvərɪŋ/

a natural object that covers or envelops

From this reading His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.

cownounUS /kaʊ/

female of domestic cattle: "“moo-cow” is a child's term"

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

cowmannounUS /ˈkaʊmən/

a hired hand who tends cattle and performs other duties on horseback

From this reading It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.

drawverbUS /drɔː/

cause to move by pulling

From this reading His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.

escapedadjectiveUS /ɪˈskeɪpt/

having escaped, especially from confinement

From this reading It was his habit as a cowman to keep his eyes on the job while riding, and for the good of the company or his own, nary a thing had ever escaped his vision unless it was just too far for that vision to reach.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading It was his habit as a cowman to keep his eyes on the job while riding, and for the good of the company or his own, nary a thing had ever escaped his vision unless it was just too far for that vision to reach.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading It was his habit as a cowman to keep his eyes on the job while riding, and for the good of the company or his own, nary a thing had ever escaped his vision unless it was just too far for that vision to reach.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading It was his habit as a cowman to keep his eyes on the job while riding, and for the good of the company or his own, nary a thing had ever escaped his vision unless it was just too far for that vision to reach.

FEELINGSnounUS /ˈfiːlɪŋz/

emotional or moral sensitivity (especially in relation to personal principles or dignity)

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

foremannounUS /ˈfɔːrmən/

a person who exercises control over workers

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

freshadjectiveUS /freʃ/

recently made, produced, or harvested

From this reading It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.

gatenounUS /ɡeɪt/

a movable barrier in a fence or wall

From this reading His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.

glanceverbUS /ɡlæns/

throw a glance at; take a brief look at

From this reading His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.

habitnounUS /ˈhæbət/

an established custom

From this reading It was his habit as a cowman to keep his eyes on the job while riding, and for the good of the company or his own, nary a thing had ever escaped his vision unless it was just too far for that vision to reach.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

hatnounUS /hæt/

headdress that protects the head from bad weather; has shaped crown and usually a brim

From this reading It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.

headedadjectiveUS /ˈhedəd/

having a heading or course in a certain direction

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

HISdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

horsenounUS /hɔːrs/

solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

hotadjectiveUS /hɑːt/

used of physical heat; having a high or higher than desirable temperature or giving off heat or feeling or causing a sensation of heat or burning

From this reading It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

Jeff

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

jobnounUS /dʒɑːb/

the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money

From this reading It was his habit as a cowman to keep his eyes on the job while riding, and for the good of the company or his own, nary a thing had ever escaped his vision unless it was just too far for that vision to reach.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading It was his habit as a cowman to keep his eyes on the job while riding, and for the good of the company or his own, nary a thing had ever escaped his vision unless it was just too far for that vision to reach.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading It was his habit as a cowman to keep his eyes on the job while riding, and for the good of the company or his own, nary a thing had ever escaped his vision unless it was just too far for that vision to reach.

keepingnounUS /ˈkiːpɪŋ/

conformity or harmony

From this reading His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.

kindaadverbUS /ˈkɪndə/

to some (great or small) extent

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.

liftedadjectiveUS /ˈlɪftəd/

held up in the air

From this reading It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

loneadjectiveUS /loʊn/

lacking companions or companionship

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

naryadjectiveUS /ˈneri/

(used with singular count nouns) colloquial for “not a” or “not one” or “never a”

From this reading It was his habit as a cowman to keep his eyes on the job while riding, and for the good of the company or his own, nary a thing had ever escaped his vision unless it was just too far for that vision to reach.

NicksnounUS /nɪks/

plural of “nick” — an impression in a surface (as made by a blow)

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It was his habit as a cowman to keep his eyes on the job while riding, and for the good of the company or his own, nary a thing had ever escaped his vision unless it was just too far for that vision to reach.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading It was his habit as a cowman to keep his eyes on the job while riding, and for the good of the company or his own, nary a thing had ever escaped his vision unless it was just too far for that vision to reach.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

outfitnounUS /ˈaʊtfɪt/

any cohesive unit such as a military company

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading It was his habit as a cowman to keep his eyes on the job while riding, and for the good of the company or his own, nary a thing had ever escaped his vision unless it was just too far for that vision to reach.

passingnounUS /ˈpæsɪŋ/

(American football) a play that involves one player throwing the ball to a teammate

From this reading His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.

RnounUS /ɑːr/

a unit of radiation exposure; the dose of ionizing radiation that will produce 1 electrostatic unit of electricity in 1 cc of dry air

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

reachverbUS /riːtʃ/

reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading It was his habit as a cowman to keep his eyes on the job while riding, and for the good of the company or his own, nary a thing had ever escaped his vision unless it was just too far for that vision to reach.

ridingnounUS /ˈraɪdɪŋ/

the sport of sitting on the back of a horse while controlling its movements

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

RockingverbUS /ˈrɑːkɪŋ/

-ing form of “rock” — move back and forth or sideways

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

rodeverbUS /roʊd/

inflected form of “ride” — sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.

runningadjectiveUS /ˈrʌnɪŋ/

(of fluids) moving or issuing in a stream

From this reading His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.

SHOWSnounUS /ʃoʊz/

plural of “show” — the act of publicly exhibiting or entertaining

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

skylinenounUS /ˈskaɪlaɪn/

the outline of objects seen against the sky

From this reading His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.

SMOKYadjectiveUS /ˈsmoʊki/

marked by or emitting or filled with smoke

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

SpringnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

stirredadjectiveUS /stɜːrd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.

strawnounUS /strɔː/

plant fiber used e.g. for making baskets and hats or as fodder

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

strungadjectiveUS /strʌŋ/

that is on a string

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

supplyverbUS /səˈplaɪ/

give something useful or necessary to

From this reading It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.

territorynounUS /ˈterɪtɔːri/

a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading It was his habit as a cowman to keep his eyes on the job while riding, and for the good of the company or his own, nary a thing had ever escaped his vision unless it was just too far for that vision to reach.

thinkingnounUS /ˈθɪŋkɪŋ/

the process of using your mind to consider something carefully

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading It was his habit as a cowman to keep his eyes on the job while riding, and for the good of the company or his own, nary a thing had ever escaped his vision unless it was just too far for that vision to reach.

underneathprepositionUS /ˌʌndərˈniːθ/

directly under, often hidden by what is above

From this reading It was a hot day, not a breath stirred the air, and as the old cowman rode he lifted his hat often to kinda let a fresh supply of atmosphere come in underneath.

unlessconjunctionUS /ənˈles/

except if; if not

From this reading It was his habit as a cowman to keep his eyes on the job while riding, and for the good of the company or his own, nary a thing had ever escaped his vision unless it was just too far for that vision to reach.

visionnounUS /ˈvɪʒən/

a vivid mental image

From this reading It was his habit as a cowman to keep his eyes on the job while riding, and for the good of the company or his own, nary a thing had ever escaped his vision unless it was just too far for that vision to reach.

visitverbUS /ˈvɪzɪt/

go to see a place, as for entertainment

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

wagonnounUS /ˈwæɡən/

any of various kinds of wheeled vehicles drawn by an animal or a tractor

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

walknounUS /wɔːk/

the act of traveling by foot

From this reading His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

wasn't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading SMOKY SHOWS HIS FEELINGS Jeff Nicks, cow foreman of the Rocking R outfit, was riding along and headed for the horse camp where Clint was breaking horses.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading It was his habit as a cowman to keep his eyes on the job while riding, and for the good of the company or his own, nary a thing had ever escaped his vision unless it was just too far for that vision to reach.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading His big brown horse was covering ground in a running walk, and Jeff keeping him down to that gate when he wasn't passing a coulee nor a draw without a glance in it and then to the skyline above.

worksnounUS /wɜːrks/

buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading Spring works was over and Jeff thinking it was a good time for him to do a little lone riding and kinda visit the camps of the outfit, had left his straw boss in charge of the wagon, caught his best horse and strung out to cover some of the Rocking R territory.

Chapter 8 of Smoky, the cow horse by Will James holds 151 sentences, grouped into 31 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Smoky, the cow horse contain?

Chapter 8 holds 151 sentences of Smoky, the cow horse, unabridged, divided into 31 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Smoky, the cow horse by Will James exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 151 sentences, grouped into 31 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Smoky, the cow horse?

Work through the 31 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 31 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Smoky, the cow horse

Common questions about reading Smoky, the cow horse by Will James on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Smoky, the cow horse?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Smoky, the cow horse is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Smoky, the cow horse take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Smoky, the cow horse section by section

How to work through Smoky, the cow horse section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of Smoky, the cow horse to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Smoky, the cow horse

Words and structures a reader meets early in Smoky, the cow horse, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Smoky, the cow horse, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Smoky, the cow horse, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Smoky, the cow horse, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.